The ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）

The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago.

（此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。）

cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如:

① Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。)

② I must get the book at all costs. (at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。)

③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. (at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。)

Teachers should deal fairly with their pupils. （此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。）

deal还有其它用法。如:

①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. (a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接不可数名词。)

②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. (a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。)

③My bank deals in stocks and shares now. (deal in意为“经营”。)

④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. (deal out意为“分发”。)

interest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。

The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.

What he did was just to protect his own interests.

上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。

第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”;第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。”

Can you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。)

Let’s go for a drive in the country. (drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。)

除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如：

①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. (drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。)

②There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。)

③Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。)

④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.(drive sth. home意思为“把……讲透彻,使充分理解”。)

⑤Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思为“把……赶跑”。)

What club do you want to join?（此句中的join是及物动词,意为“加入,参加”,这是其最常见的用法。）

另外它还有其它用法。如:

①The two rivers join at the bridge.(此句中的join是不及物动词,意为“会合,联合,相遇”。)

②The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.(此句中的join是名词,意为“连接处,接缝”。)

dream在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。

dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：

Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。)

My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。)

I’ve known David for 20 years.

I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.

The old man has known both poverty and wealth.

know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。

If you don’t work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。）

fail还有其它用法。如:

① He never fails to write to his mother every week.

(fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。)

② She has been failing in health.

(fail in意为“(健康状况)衰退”。)

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