词汇篇：2021高考英语全国卷高频词汇词块句式

全国1卷：

1、available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的

【原题 A篇】

Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.

游览过程中，有寄物柜可存放财物。

【例句】

Tickets are available free of charge from the school.

学校有免费票。

【常考句式】

Sth. be available(可使用)后接不定式时,若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系,则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：

These cups are available to use [to be used].

这些茶杯可供使用。

sth is available to sb "对于某人某物是可得到",to 后面的sb是可以得到sth.

The goal is to make higher education available to everyone.

目的是使每个人受到更高的教育。

2.We cannot do sth without..."没有...我们不能做..."

【原题 A篇】

It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.

这是一个了不起的成就，是一个在个人、社团以及其它社会机构的慷慨支持下取得的成就。

【例句】

We cannot survive without water. 没有水我们就不能生存。

3.to be sure 诚然；的确

【真题 B篇】

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all.

这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但是有时自然之灵向我们露出了微笑(以示赞许)。

【例句】

It's a nervous night, to be sure. 今晚的确很紧张。

【拓展】

smile on/upon

比喻用法，指赞同、祝福、好运降临; 向…微笑,对…加以赞许等。

例句：Good fortune smiled on our efforts, and our plan succeeded.

好运对我们的努力露出了微笑，我们的计划成功了。

smile to sb

距离较远，双方不便交谈，向某人微笑示意。

He smiles to me really sweetly it made my heart leap.

smile at sb 通常是在面对面情况下"对/冲某人微笑"。

He smiled at me before he died.

4.but no luck

【真题 B篇】If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. 如果我能找到鸟窝，我就可以将它回去，但是没有这么幸运。

but no luck=but had no luck=but with no luck

I've just been to the library but had no luck at all.

我刚刚去过图书馆，但是徒劳无功。

I tried an employment agency and answered some ads, but no luck.

我试过雇员中介机构，也应征过一些广告，但是，运气不佳。

5.shrink

【真题 C篇】

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

但是，尽管在美国举行庆祝活动，爵士乐观众继续减少且年龄越来越大，并且这种音乐已经不能与年青一代产生共鸣。

【拓展】

shrink=become smaller 收缩，减少

The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk in the past few decades.

在过去几十年里，西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。

connect with sb. 与...有交流;联系

If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.

如果你站在舞台上，分享自己对世界的看法，人们会与你产生共鸣的。

6.accessible

【真题 C篇】

As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible and preserve its history and culture.

作为肯尼迪中心的爵士艺术顾问，Moran希望扩大爵士听众，使这种音乐更易理解并希望能保护它的历史与文化。

【例句】

Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。

The aim of the programme is to make science more accessible to young people.

计划的目的是使科学更容易为年轻人所了解。

【拓展】

have [gain, get, obtain] access to... 可接近; 可会见; 可进入; 可使用

Citizens may have free access to the library.

市民可以自由使用图书馆。

With the polution of rivers and lakes,it is now becoming more and more difficult for us to have access to drinking water.

随着河流湖泊的污染，现在我们使用饮用水越来越难了。

7.accomplish

【真题 C篇】

What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.

我希望实现的是我们这一代与年轻一代开始重新考虑并理解爵士乐不再是黑白的。

【拓展】

If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.

只要大家齐心协力，我想我们就能实现目标。

We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.

纵然任务艰巨，我们也要及时完成。

【拓展】

achieved after a lot of work 成就；成绩

It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments.

那是总统最伟大的成就之一。

8.One of the problems with...

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.

Moran说今天爵士乐的问题之一是音乐的娱乐性已经消失了。

【拓展】

One of the problems with... is that 从句 "...的问题之一是..."

8.foster v. 促进；助长；培养；鼓励

【真题，阅读理解C篇】Those are the things I want to foster.

那是我想促进的东西。

=Those are (what) I want to foster.

【考点解析】

foster v. 促进；助长；培养；鼓励

近义词：

encourage；promote

例：The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.

俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系。

9.all but..."几乎、差一点"

【真题，阅读理解D篇】Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.

不幸的是，你须带必要的设备，因为几乎是不可能找到自然替代品。

【考点解析】

all but...固定搭配，意为"几乎、差一点"。和almost意思相近。

例：The party was all but(almost) over when we arrived.

我们到达时,聚会已经快结束了。

10.in place在对的位置；适当的位置

【真题，阅读理解D篇】Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up--and out--the side of the hole.

然后，放好管子以便管子的一端始终在杯子里，另一头向上通向洞口。

【考点解析】

in place 短语，意为“在对的位置；适当的位置；准备就绪”；反义词为out of place ，意为“不合适;不在应在的位置”。

例：You'd better put the valuable medals in place.

你最好将贵重的奖牌放好。

11. talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某

【真题，阅读七选五】I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.

然而，我还是被说服参加了另一个在荒野野营的充满乐趣的假期

【考点解析】

talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事

=persuade sb to do sth

例：Mark talked me into joining the club.

马克说服我加入该俱乐部。

12.come to understand(realize,know...) "开始理解/意识到/了解到..."

It is true that 从句 "诚然;的确;毫无疑问..."

sooner or later 迟早;早晚有一天

in style 在流行的

【真题，阅读七选五】I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

我得说我逐渐地喜欢上了野营。毫无疑问，每个人尽早找到回归自然的路。我建议你找到自己的方式。

【考点解析】

短语：

sooner or later 迟早;早晚有一天

例：Sooner or later we will succeed.

我们迟早会成功的。

in style 在流行的，时尚的；反义：out of style；在方式上，在风格上

例：This type of dress is now in style.

这种款式的女装现在很流行。

句式：

come to understand(realize,know...) "开始理解/意识到/了解到..."

例：Luckily, people have come to realize how harmful pollution is.

可幸的是，人们开始意识到污染是多么的有害。

It is true that 从句 "诚然;的确;毫无疑问..."

例：It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.

毫无疑问，他在化学上有了一个重要发现。

13.have a great love for sth 对...的热爱

【真题，完形填空】Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL. 我根本不知道我会爱上美式手语。

【考点解析】

have a great love for sth 对...的热爱

例：Most students have a great love for music.

多数学生热爱音乐。

14.drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人all but..."

【真题，完形填空】After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.

那以后，感到需要了解更多，我决定顺便看看其中的一个美式手语俱乐部。

【考点解析】

drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人，与call on sb同义；同时，drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地，与call at sp同义。

15.discourage sb from doing阻止某人做某

make it a point to do sth 特别注意做...

【真题，完形填空】I only learned how to sign the alphabet. Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.

我只学会了打字母的手势。但是没有受到我缓慢进度的影响，我非常兴奋。然后尽可能参加这些会议并学到了我能学到的所有东西。

【考点解析】

discourage sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 ; 打消某人做某事的念头

例：His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.

他的父母试图阻止他当演员。

make it a point to do sth 特别注意做...;应该；一定

例：If you normally smoke after meals, make it a point to do something else after you eat, like read.

如果你通常饭后吸烟，那就特别注意在饭后做一些其他的事，比如说读书。

16. not unpleasant 令人愉快的

【真题，完形填空】I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 我很快意识到这种沉静是令人愉快的。

【考点解析】

not unpleasant双重否定，表肯定，与pleasant同义，表示“令人愉快的”“令人高兴的”。

还可以用下面的句型来表达

It is not unusual to do sth ...是很平常

例：It is not unusual to witness that an increasing number of children are accompanied by parents on their first day in college.

常常会看到越来越多的孩子在上大学的第一天由父母陪伴。

全国2卷：

1.【真题，阅读理解A篇】

By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labor's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theater creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.

将丰富而幽默的《爱的徒劳》剧本翻译成BSL肢体语，Deafinitely Theater对莎士比亚的喜剧进行了全新的诠释，目的是通过为听障人士与正常人表演，在两者之间架起沟通的桥梁。

【常考句型】

sb aim to do sth 力求达到...

We aim to finish by Friday. 我们力争星期五之前完成。

sth be aimed at doing sth 旨在(做)...

The program is aimed at reducing road accidents 这个计划旨在减少道路事故

build a bridge between...and...=make a better relationship在...之间架起沟通(联系)的桥梁

The training programme is seen as a bridge between school and work. 该培训计划被视为衔接学校和职场的桥梁。

The scheme is aimed at building bridges between the police and the community 该方案旨在搭建警民联系桥梁。

2. 【真题，阅读理解A篇】

Since 1985, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.

自从1985年以来，他们被认为是以色列的国家大剧院。莎士比亚的戏剧《威尼斯的商人》标志着首次访问英国。

【常考词汇】

mark...v.标志(转折点)

These elections mark the end of an era. 这些选举标志着一个时代的结束。

mark... v.庆祝，纪念（重要事件）=to celebrate an important event They held celebrations to mark National Day. 他们举行活动庆祝国庆节。

【常考句型】

be recognized as sth被认为是...

His novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius. 他的小说终于被认为是天才之作。

mark sth with sth 用...庆祝...

Mrs Lawson was presented with a gold watch to mark the occasion.劳森太太被赠予一块金表作为纪念。

3. 【真题，阅读理解B篇】

The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.

我们之间友谊源于拍摄那部影片，同时，已有四年后拍摄The Sting这部影片的经历。这种友谊源于这样的一个事实：尽管年龄不同，我们都有着戏剧与电视直播的传统背景。我们尊重彼此的技艺并注意探寻我们要演出的人物。

【常考词汇】

grow out of... 产生于，源于

His art grew out of his love of nature. 他的艺术作品源于他对大自然的热爱。

be respectful of... 尊重...

He was always respectful of my independence. 他一向尊重我的独立。

They listened in respectful silence. 他们毕恭毕敬地静听。

stand up for sb/sth 支持; 维护

It's time we stood up for your rights.该是我们维护自己权利的时候了。

【常考句型】

have its roots in... 起源于

Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US. 爵士乐起源于美国南部诸州的民歌。

be typical of......是...的特征,特有的

This painting is typical of his work. 这幅画是他的典型作品。

4. 【真题，阅读理解B篇】

We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back...Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together.

我们有相同的信念：如果你有幸成功了，你应该付出回报...我与Paul不是经常见面，但是，有相同的信念使我们的关系非常亲近。

【常考词汇】

share sb's view / concern / belief 有共同的观点；担心；信念

Other parents share her belief in the importance of reading. 其他父母和她看法一样，也认为阅读非常重要。

share sth with sb 与某人有相同的特征

Stubbornness was a characteristic he shared with his mother. 固执是他和他母亲共有的特征。

【常考句型】

bring...together 使...团结起来，联合起来

The advantage is that partners can bring together ideas, talents, and money.好处是合伙人可以集思广益，聚集人才和资金。

5. 【真题，阅读理解B篇】

He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.

我和他都知道是怎么回事，可我们不谈这些事。我们的友谊是一种不需要说什么就明白的关系。

【常考句型】

It's a deal. 就这么办。

It's a deal. We can help you.说定了，我们能帮助你。

What's the deal? 怎么啦？；怎么回事？

So what's the deal? Why is he so mad? 怎么回事？他干吗发这么大火？

6. 【真题，阅读理解C篇】

Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.

Terrafugia公司于周一宣布它的新型飞行汽车已经完成首飞，这让公司在明年之内销售的目标更近了。

【常考句型】

bring...close to...使...接近...

Sports can not only improve our body and relax our mind, but can also bring us close to nature, and enable us to enjoy our lives fully. 体育运动不仅提高我们的体质，轻松大脑，而且可以让我们更接近生命的真谛，让我们能够充分享受生活。

7. 【真题，阅读理解C篇】

The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许公司使用特殊材料以使汽车更易飞行。

【常考句型】

make it easier for sb to do sth 使sb更容易做...

This will make it easier for you to practice some of the English words and expressions you hear. 这让你更容易练习你听到的一些英语单词与短语。

8. 【真题，阅读理解C篇】

The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 飞行汽车Transition现在正在进行碰撞测试以确保它满足联邦的政府的标准。

【常考词汇】

fold up 折叠起来

ambiguous 模棱两可的;含糊的，

favourable 有利的;赞许的;

put down a deposit (on sth)=pay a deposit 付订金（购买某物）

We put down a deposit on a house. 我们支付了买房子的订金。

【常考句型】

meet a need(demand; requirement; condition...)满足需求/需要/要求/条件等

The company says it is unable to meet the workers' demands for higher wages.公司称无法满足工人加薪的要求。

make...a reality 使...成为现实9. 【真题，阅读理解D篇】Young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. 受到啃咬的小枫树会释放出一种附近树苗会接收到的特殊气味。

【常考句式】

get bitten 啃咬，被咬get +v-ed形式，构成被动,侧重动作的结果。

The oil is burning. don't come near or you might get burnt. 油烧起来了。别走近，否则你会被烧着的。

【常考词汇】

send out发出send out a signal, sound, light, or heat 发出(信号、声音、光、热等)

The sun sends out light all the time.太阳一直发光。

10.【真题，阅读理解D篇】

Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to "overhear" the cry.

可能第一棵树只是发出痛苦的叫声或者是向自己的枝条发出信息，因此，实际上它只是自言自语。可能附近的树只是碰巧听到叫声。

【常考词汇】

in effect 实际上，事实上

In effect, we'll be earning less than we were last year.

实际上，我们挣钱会比去年少。

a mixture of...... 的混合物

They looked at him with a mixture of horror, envy, and awe.

他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬畏交织在一起的复杂心情望着他。

for short 简称

apparently 显然地

She was apparently a very nervous woman, and that affected her career.

她显然是一个很神经质的女人，这一点影响了她的事业。

relatively speaking 相对来说

Relatively speaking, today's examination is more easier.

今天的考试相对比较容易。

back and forth 来回地；反复地

We travel back and forth all the time between Canada and England.

我们一直是在加拿大和英格兰之间来回跑。

overhear... 无意中听到，偶然听到

I overheard part of their conversation.

我碰巧听到了他们谈话的部分内容。

【常考句型】

overhear sb saying sth 偶然听到某人正在说...

She overheard the friend discussing travel to Beijing.

她无意中听到朋友讨论去北京旅游的事。

overhear sb say (that) 偶然听到某人说...

We overheard the teacher say there would be a quiz today.

我们无意中听到老师说今天有测验。

11. 【真题，阅读七选五】

If you're in the other person's office or in the public area, it's much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.

如果你在别人的公办室或者在公众场合，有礼貌的告辞回来做事，比你让别人离开你的地方，甚至你说了你很忙，更容易些。

【常考词汇】

excuse yourself 礼貌地告辞

Richard excused himself and went to his room.

理查德礼貌地告辞，到自己的房间去了。

excuse sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人的小错

I'll excuse you this time, but don't be late again.

这次我原谅你，但别再迟到了。

excuse sth 给…找理由；解释...

Nothing can excuse that kind of rudeness.

什么也无法为那种粗鲁行为开脱。

get down to (doing)sth 开始做〔需要花费许多时间或精力的事〕

I always find it hard to get down to revising.

我一直觉得很难打起精神开始温习。

12. 【真题，阅读七选五】

If someone knocks and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed, you're not to be disturbed.

如果有人敲门，而且事情不重要，你要有礼貌的告辞并让人知道你很忙。这样他们心里会知道，如果门关了，是不应该打扰你。

【常考词汇】

disturb sb 干扰，打扰，使中断

Sorry to disturb you , but I have an urgent message.

对不起打扰一下，我有个紧急消息。

Do not disturb. 请勿打扰。

What disturbs me most is that he doesn't regret it at all

最令我不安的是他对此根本不感到后悔。

【常考句型】

be to do/be to be done 表示必须或应该，在意义上等于must，should，ought to 或have to。

This medicine is to be taken three times a day.

这种药一天要服三次。

=This medicine should be taken three times a day.

13. 【真题，完形填空】

I advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull, most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.

我曾经建议动词有些沉闷无趣，但人一生中所做的大部分有趣的事会是动词。

【常考词汇】

while 连词，位于句首,"虽然，尽管"

While I understand what you say,I can't agree with you.

虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意.

14. 【真题，完形填空】

I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling.Although Freddy was taken from us, we all take something from Freddy.

我课上讲了这个事。虽然此事令人伤心，但是我还是情不自禁的笑起来。尽管Freddy已经离我们而去，但我们都应该向他学习。

【常考句型】

在美国英语中，通常用as...as引导让步状语从句，相当于as或though.

As cold as it was, we went out.

=Cold as/though it was, we went out.

尽管天很冷，我们还是出去了。

As successful as he is, he is not proud.

=Successful as he is, he is not proud.

虽然他成功了，但他不骄傲。

As sad as that is, there is something good about it.

虽然这是让人忧伤的事，但却有些好处。

15. 【真题，语法填空】

However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and with six months, more than 25000 people were using every day.

然而，铁路很快被证明是很成功的，在六个月内，每天有二万五人在使用它。

【常考词汇】

prove (to be） adj./n. 被证明是;被发现是...

The design proved to be a success.

那个设计后来证明很成功。

16. 【真题，语法填空】

It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

它有漆成白色隧道与鲜红的车厢，它被证明非常受大家的欢迎。

【常考句型】

be popular with/among sb 受到...的喜爱与欢迎

Coffee is probably the most popular drink in the world.

咖啡很可能是世界上最受欢迎的饮料。

全国3卷：

1. 【真题，阅读A篇】

This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.

这次开心的旅行会穿过旧金山前往金银岛，在那里我们会停留在著名的Winery SF.

【常考词汇】

delicious 令人愉快的; 开心的

make reservations in advance 提前预订

Advance reservations are strongly recommended. 建议提前预订。

【常考句型】

Sb be required to do sth 要求某人做...

The student was required to do their homework on time.

学生被要求按时完成家庭作业。

2.【真题，阅读A篇】

Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.

当表演者带你到旧金山最扣人心弦的的一些地方时，会提供你真正的消防服取暖。

【常考词汇】

authentic 真正的，逼真的

I don't know if the painting is authentic.

我不知道这幅画是不是真迹。

thrilling 扣人心弦的；令人兴奋不已的

Our wildlife trips offer a thrilling encounter(相遇，碰见) with wildlife in its natural state.

野生动物园之旅使我们得以接触自然状态下的野生动物，让人感觉很刺激。

3.【真题，阅读B篇】

However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.

然而，这些计划因为财务问题被放弃了。Bradford把电影院与地皮卖给了当地的一家开发公司，该公司计划在电影院所在的位置建一个综合商场。

【常考词汇】

abandon... v. 放弃，中止

They abandoned the match because of rain.

因为下雨，他们中止了比赛。

close down 停业;关闭

The factory had to close down for lack of orders.

那家工厂因无人订货而被迫关闭。

knock down 推倒，拆掉（建筑物）；(被车)撞倒

Why doesn't he just knock the wall down?

他为何不干脆把墙推倒？

He died in hospital after being knocked down by a car.

他被车撞倒后死在了医院。

part with...与...分开；离开...

He spent so many unforgettable days with them that he was unwilling to part with them.

他与他们一起度过那么多难忘的日子，他舍不得离开他们。

4. 【真题，阅读C篇】

What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about? 灰狼的消失造成了什么？

【常考词汇】

bring about... 引起；导致；造成

The Internet has brought about enormous changes in society.

网络带来了巨大的社会变革。

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rain forests.

毁掉热带雨林给环境造成了巨大的破坏。

in the absence of ...

缺乏…时; 当…不在时

Mr. Wang will be in charge in my absence.

我不在时，由王先生负责。

In the absence of any evidence, the police had to let him go.

警察没有证据，只好把他放了。

5.【真题，阅读理解C篇】

Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.

很多农民反对这个计划，因为他们担心灰狼会吃掉他们的家畜或宠物。

【常考词汇】

oppose... 反对；阻碍

Many parents oppose bilingual education in schools. 很多家长反对学校实行双语教育。

be opposed to (doing) sth

反对某事物；不赞成某事

Most of us are opposed to changing the present situation.

我们大多数人反对改变目前的状况。

fear...v. 害怕，担心

The police fear that there may be further terrorist attacks.

警方担心可能会有进一步的恐怖袭击。

Women feared to go out at night.

女性晚上不敢外出。

When Tom heard about the accident, he immediately feared the worst. 汤姆一听到出事，就担心会发生最坏的情况。

6. 【真题，阅读理解D篇】

Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated and inactive. 研究表明,老年人放弃开车是健康与幸福下降的一个主要原因，导致他们更加封闭与不活跃。

【常考词汇】

a fall 下降；降低；减少

--反义 a rise/an increase

There will be a fall of 2% in the birth rate.

=The birth rate will fall by 2%.

出生率将减少2%。

According to a report, last year saw a sharp rise in the number of Chinese travelling abroad. 根据一份报道，去年中国人出境旅游的人数急剧上升。

7. 【真题，阅读理解D篇】

For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.

对于许多老年人，特别是独自生活或生活在农村的老年人，开车对维持独立以及自由出行很重要，开车也意味着不必依靠别人。

【常考词汇】

preserve... 保持，维持（原状）；保护；保存；维护

We will do everything to preserve peace.

我们会尽全力维持和平。

We need to preserve the forest.

我们需要保护森林。

8. 【真题，阅读理解D篇】

The Drive LAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.

驾驶实验室帮助我们理解老年驾驶员的主要压力来源和主要困难并帮助理解我们如何使用技术来解决问题。

【常考词汇】

address a problem(question; issue..)解决;处理问题

We need time. But we have confidence and strong determination to address the problem.

我们需要时间，不过我们有信心和坚强的决心解决问题。

at the risk of (getting fined)冒着被罚款的危险

the benefits of ... ...的优势；益处

I've had the benefit of a good education.

我得益于受过良好教育。

a solution to ... ...的解决方法

We're relying on you to find a solution to this problem.

我们要依靠你去找到这个问题的解决方法。

Confronted with this problem, we should strive to find a solution to it.

面对这个问题，我们应该努力找到解决它的办法。

【常考句型】

...ensure that older drivers stay safe behind the wheel

确保老年驾驶员开车时保持安全(behind the wheel “开车时；控制，掌握”)

9. 【真题，阅读七选五】

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock.

许多人发现早上很难起床并将责任归咎于闹钟上。事实上，早上准时醒来的关键在于重设你的生物钟。

【常考词汇】

put the blame on sb... 归咎于某人

Don't try to put the blame on me.

别想把责任推到我的身上。

sb/sth is to blame (for sth)... 对某事负有责任

Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire.

政府官员认为，这场火灾可能不止一人负有责任。

make a change 进行改变

But I think it's time for me to make a change.

但我认为现在是我改变现状的好时机。

now that... (连词) 既然

Now that the children have cleaned up, you can let them go.

孩子们已经梳洗了，你可以让他们走了。

10. 【真题，阅读七选五】

Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

一旦你明白了你做出的这个改变的原因，就告诉你的家人或室友你想做出的改变。

【常考词汇】

once... (连词)一旦...

It's simple once you know how.

我一旦知道了就简单。

be clear about... 明白...; 明确...

We must be clear about where the responsibility lies. 我们必须清楚责任所在。

We need to be clear about what we expect from our colleagues and what we will not tolerate. 我们必须清楚什么是我们对同事的期望以及什么是我们所无法容忍的。

11. 【真题，语法填空】

She has turned down several invitations to star at show in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.

为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几个走秀邀请。中学毕业以后，她计划在上大学获得工程或建筑学位之前休假一年来做全职模特。

【常考词汇】

turn down... 拒绝(某人或请求、提议)

There's no reason to turn down this suggestion.

没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。

take (a year) off 休假(一年)

We'll need to plan ahead if we want to take a year off for travelling.

如果我们想休假一年去旅行，我们就要提前计划好。

12. 【真题，语法填空】My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.

我爸认为我应该接受邀请。但是现在学习是首要的事。我不想把主要精力集中于做模特。当然这很好玩但生活方式有些不真实。我不想当我不做模特的时候没有其它的东西可以依靠。