三、关键句型

【重点句型】

1. --I’d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I’m eating.

--But that music make me sleepy.

--更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅，因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。

--但那种音乐使我困倦。

2. Waiting for Amy drove Tina crazy.

等候艾米使蒂娜发狂。

3.The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.

这部电影是如此悲伤以致使蒂娜和艾米都哭了。

4.Sad movies don’t make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly.

悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭他们只能使他想尽快离开。

5.Loud music makes me nervous.

吵闹的音乐使我紧张。

6.Soft and quiet music makes me relax.

轻柔的音乐使我放松。

7.Money and fame don’t always make people happy.

金钱和名誉并不总能使人幸福。

8.She said that the sad movie made her cry.

她说悲伤的电影使她哭泣。

9.Loud music makes me nervous.

吵闹的音乐使我紧张。

 

【句式精讲】

1. make的句式构成

（1）make+ sb.+形容词，make是谓语动词，sb.是make的宾语，后面的形容词在此作宾语补足语。

Rainy days make me sad. 

雨天让我很悲伤。

What he said made the teacher angry. 

他说的话让老师很生气。

 

（2）make+ sb.+过去分词，此处的过去分词相当于形容词作宾补。

Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed.

在雨中等他让我很烦。

 

（3）make+ sb. +动词原形，此处的动词原形也叫省略to的不定式作宾补。

Sad movies always make me cry. 

伤感的电影经常让我哭泣。

Loud music makes her want to dance. 

高声的音乐让她想跳舞。

 

（4）be made to+动词原形，此处是make的被动语态，要还原动词不定式的to，即be made to do sth.意为“被使做某事”。

The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.

→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss.

老板使他一天工作15个小时。

 

If you see the cartoon film, you will _______ laugh.

A. be made   B. be made to

C. make to   D. make

 答案：B

He lost his key. It made him ______ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.

A. to stay   B. stayed

C. stays     D. stay

答案：D

Can you make yourself _______ in English?

A. to understand  B. understand

C. understanding  D. understood

答案：D

 

2. Why don’t you ask Alice to join you each time you do something with Julie ?

Why don’t you do sth.? 是一个否定疑问句，意为“为什么不……？”常用来征求意见和提出建议，相当于“Why not do sth.?”

Why don’t you go with us?

= Why not go with us? 

为什么不同我们一起去呢？

Why don’t you go swimming?

= Why not go swimming? 

为什么不去游泳呢？

 

3. Neither medicine nor rest can help him.

neither ...nor... 是固定结构，意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都否定。

It’s neither cold nor hot. 

天气既不冷也不热。

He neither knows nor cares what happened. 

他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。

 

I could speak _____ French ____ Chinese, but luckily I could talk with them in English.

 A. both; and 

B. neither; nor 

C. either; or 

D. not only; but also

答案：B

---Tim, how do your parents like pop music?   

---_______ my dad _______ my mom likes it. They both prefer classical music.

A. Either; or

B. Neither; nor

C. Not only; but also

答案：B

 

【拓展】辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or…

这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。

（1）both…and…表示两者兼有。

She was both tired and hungry. 

她又累又饿。

He speaks both English and French. 

他既说英语又说法语。

 

（2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。

He must be either mad or drunk. 

他不是疯了就是醉了。

You can either write or phone to request a copy. 

你可以写信可打电话来索取一本。

 

【注意】

以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。

Either you or I am wrong. 

不是你错就是我错。

Neither he nor she was at home. 

他和她都不在家。

Both New York and London have traffic problems. 

纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。

 

4. How long did it take the general to find the happy man?

（1）how long意为“多长时间”，询问某一动作或状态持续了多久，故句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的连系动词。

How long do you watch TV? 

你看电视多长时间了？

How long can I keep the book? 

这本书我可以借多久？

 

（2）how long还可用来询问长度。

How long is the river? 

这条河多长？

 

【拓展】辨析：how often, how soon与how long

how  often 多久一次,询问动作的频率often,  twice a week等.

how  soon多快，过多久.询问时间多快in+ 一段时间.

how  long多久；多长.询问时间多久；询问长度for/about+一段时间；具体数字+长度单位

 

A：How often do you visit your mother?

你多长时间看你妈妈一次?

B：Once a week.

一周一次。

A：How soon will he be back?

他要多久才回来?

B：In an hour.

1 小时以后。

A：How long did he stay here?

他在这儿呆了多久?

B：About two weeks.

大约两个星期。

A：How long is the river?

这条河有多长？

B：About 500 km.

大约500千米。

 

5. How could you have missed scoring that goal?

“can / could have done”表示“对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定”。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。

I didn’t see her at the meeting this morning, she can’t / couldn’t have spoken at the meeting.

早上会议上我没看见她，她不可能在会议上发言。

He can’t have finished the work so soon.

他不可能这么快就完成工作。

 

【拓展】

（1）must have done 表示“对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测”，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

一定下过雨了，地面很湿。

 

（2）should have done常谈论过去的情况，主要用于指“本该发生而实际上未发生的事”。

You should have told me so before.

你早就应该告诉我。

Look at the time! We should have been at the theatre ten minutes ago.

瞧，都什么时候了!十分钟前我们就该到戏院了。

 

（3）may / might have done表示“对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不是很肯定的推测”，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句。

He may have already done his work. 

他也许已经做完了工作。

 

6. But I think if we continue to pull together, we’re going to win the next one.

pull together 是固定搭配，意为“齐心协力；通力合作”。pull是动词，意为“拖；拉”。其反义词是“push”，意为“推”。

If we pull together, we can succeed.

如果我们齐心协力，我们就能成功。

They pulled together and got over all the difficulties.

他们通力合作，战胜了所有的困难。

 

【拓展】pull 构成的常见固定搭配：

pull down 拆毁；

pull back 撤退；

pull out出站