作者:未知 时间:2022-01-29 阅读:( )
***知识清单***
Unit 1 People of achievement
一、重点单词
1.vital adj 必不可少的,极其重要的;充满生机的
(1)至关重要 be of vital importance
(2)对......重要: be vital to/for
(3)至关重要的是 It is vital that…
2.committed adj尽心尽力的,坚定的;坚信的,
→ commit vt.承诺,保证。犯(错误、罪行)
→ commitment n. 投入,奉献;承诺
(1)犯罪 commit a crime
(2)把某物投入到某事上 commit sth to sth
(3)抽出一小时读英语: commit an hour to reading English
(4)承诺做某事: commit sb/oneself to doing sth
=make a commitment to doing sth
(5)尽力做某事: be committed to doing sth
3.distinct . adj 清晰的;清楚的;有区别的
→ distinction n. 差别 特性;杰出;殊荣
(1)很明显...... It is distinct that….
(2)区分开来;区别对待: make a distinction
(3)没有区别: make no distinction
(4).......和......之间的区别: distinction between…and…
4. obtain (尤指经努力)获得;赢得 (规章、习俗等)存在;流行
(1)得到某人许可: obtain one’s permission
(2)获准进入、加入: get/ obtain an admission to
5.acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等):(公开)感谢
→ acknowledgment n.承认,答谢
(1)承认做某事: acknowledge doing sth
(2)承认...... acknowledge that….
(3)承认某人、事为......acknowledge sb/sth as…/to be…
(4)大家所公认的是...... It is universally acknowledged that…
6. defeat n.失败;挫败 vt 击败;战胜
(1)认输、接受失败、面临失败:admit/accept/face defeat
(2)惜败、惨败: a narrow/ heavy defeat
7. apparent adj 显而易见的
(1)显而易见的是......It is apparent that…
→ apparently adv 显而易见、显然
8. insist vi/vt 坚持;坚决要求
(1)坚决要求做...... insist on doing sth
(2)坚决要求某人做: insist that sb (should )+动词原形
9. conclusion n. 结论;推论
(1)得出结论:come to/draw/ reach a conclusion
(2)匆忙下结论: jump to conclusions
(3)使......结束:bring…to a conclusion
→ conclude n.总结
(1)最后......: to conclude
(2)以......结束conclude with
10. circumstance n 条件;环境;状况
(1)在任何情况下:in/under any circumstances
(2)如果情况允许: if circumstances allow/permit
(3)决不(=never): in/under no circumstances(放句首时主句用倒装语序)
11.genius n 天才;天资;天赋
(1)做某事的天才:a genius at doing sth
(2)有(做)某事的才能 have a genius for doing sth
12.passion n 酷爱;激情
(1)充满激情地: with passion
(2)唤起某人的激情:arouse one’s passion
(3)充满激情: be filled with passion
(4)酷爱......have a passion for
→ passionate adj.热情的
13.consequence n.结果;后果
(1)结果,因此:
as a consequence
==in consequence=as a result
(2)作为......、的结果:
as a consequence of
==in consequence of =as a result of
(3)承担、承受、面临(某事的)后果:
take/suffer/face the consequences of sth
(4)不重要的,无足轻重的:
of little/no consequence
→ consequent adj
→ consequently adv 结果,因此
14. encounter vt 偶然碰到;遇到 n 邂逅;遭遇
同义短语:偶然遇到;偶然发现;
come across/run across
15. sum vi 总结;概括 n 金额;款项;总数;总和
(1)概括起来说: to sum up
(2)许多,大量: a sum of
(3)一大笔钱: a large sum of money
(4)作总结;概括地说: sum up
二、重点短语
stand up to 经得住(检验等)
1.支持,维护:stand up for
2.代表,象征: stand for
3.袖手旁观;支持某人;信守,遵守(诺言、协定):stand by
4.突出,显眼,脱颖而出: stand out
come to power (开始) 掌权;上台(强调动作)
1.执政(状态)be in power
2.为某人能力所不及: beyond one’s power
3.在能力(权力)之内: within one’s power
take up 占用(时间),占据空间;接受;开始从事
1.占用大量的时间:take up a lot of time
2.占空间: take up space/room
3.开始从事写作:take up writing
4.拆开,拆卸: take apart
5.吸收;理解;收留;欺骗: take in
6.脱下;起飞;突然开始成功,突然大受欢迎;休假: take off
7.呈现;雇用;承担: take on
8.接管,接任: take over
9.注意到: take notice of
三、重点句式
1.On/upon +n/ving 是介词短语,表示“一......就......”作时间状语
教材原句
获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我......”
Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine….”
句式仿写
一旦看到它,你就永远不会忘记它。
On/upon hearing it, you will never forget it.
总结“一......就......”的其他表达法:
一......、就......(引导时间状语从句)as soon as
(1)Hardly/scarely…when…/ no sooner….than…(注意:当hardly. Scarcely, no sooner than 位于句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,从句不用倒装)
(2)一看见、听见......at the sight/sound of
(3)名词作连词、后跟句子 the moment/minute/instant/second+句子
(4)副词用作连词,后跟句子:immediately/instantly/directly+句子
2.It is an honor for sb/sth to do sth 对某人、某物来说做某事是个荣耀。
中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播,确实是一个荣誉。
It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to spread around the world.
句式仿写
我很荣幸能站在这里演讲。
It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.
3.It strikes sb that….某人突然想到......
某人突然想到......的其他表达方式:
sth occurs to sb/sth hits sb/sth strikes sb/
It occurs to sb that…
t hit sb that …
句式仿写
我突然想到我们应该制订一个新计划。
It occurred to me that we ought to make a new plan.
Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of cow was a bit of luck.
4.As though/if 从句(虚拟语气)
教材原句
他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
注意:as if/though 从句用虚拟语气
从句用一般过去时(与现在事实相反)
从句用过去完成时(过去事实相反)
从句用would/ could/ might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
句式仿写
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it(好像是我干的)?
He treats his elder sister as though she were a stranger.(好像她是一个陌生人)。
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