手机站

当前位置: > 奇速英语 > 英语在线教育 >

中高考高频考点有哪些?中考英语语法专项复习--直接引语和间接引语

作者:未知 时间:2020-03-31 阅读:( )

中考英语语法专项复习

直接引语和间接引语

 

一、定义

直接引述别人的话,叫直接引语。被引用的部分放在引号里。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语,间接引语不用引号,在多数情况下是以宾语从句的形式出现。

二、直接引语和间接引语的变化规则

()人称的变化:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新

用法

举例

一随主直接引语中的第一人称根据间接引语中的主语作相应的变化

①He said, “We love our country. ”

→He said that they love their country.

他说他们热爱自己的国家。

②She said to me, “I have left my books in your room. ”

→She told me she had left her books in my room.

她对我说她把书落在我屋里了。

二随宾直接引语中的第二人称根据间接引语中的主句的宾语作相应的变化

①Tom asked me, “Are you a teacher? ”

→Tom asked me if I was a teacher.

汤姆问我是否是一名老师。

②He asked me, “Do you have a computer? ”

→He asked me if I had a computer.

他问我是否有计算机。

第三人称不更新直接引语中的第三人称在间接引语中不发生变化

①Bill said, “She is my elder sister. ”

→Bill said that she was his elder sister.

比尔说她是他的姐姐。

②The teacher told Mary’s parents, “Mary is  a good girl. She is always ready to help others. ”

→The teacher told Mary’s parents that Mary was a good girl and she was always ready to help others.

老师告诉玛丽的父母说,玛丽是一个好女孩,她总是乐于助人。

 

()时态的变化

直接引语

间接引语

例句

一般

现在时

一般

过去时

Tom said, “I usually get up at six. ”→Tom said (that) he usually got up at six. 汤姆说他通常六点起床。

一般

过去时

过去

完成时

Mike told me, “I walked to school yesterday. ”

→Mike told me he had walked to school the day before.

迈克告诉我他昨天步行去上学的。

现在

进行时

过去

进行时

Nina told me, “Linda is watching TV at home. ”→Nina told me (that) Linda was watching TV at home. 尼娜告诉我琳达正在家看电视。

一般

将来时

过去

将来时

She said, “I will see you at the same place tomorrow. ”

→She said (that) she would see me at the same place the next day.

她说她第二天要在同一个地点见我。

现在

完成时

过去

完成时

Betty said, “I have worked in this factory for over ten years. ”→Betty said (that) she had worked in that factory for over ten years.

贝蒂说她在那家工厂工作有十多年了。

过去

完成时

过去

完成时

Bob told me, “I had lived here for years before I moved out. ”→Bob told me that he had lived there for years before he moved out. 鲍勃告诉我他在那儿住了多年才搬走。

 

()指示代词、时间和地点等变化

 

直接引语

间接引语

指示代词

this    these

that    those

时间状语

now   today   tonight

this week    yesterday

last week  

three days ago

tomorrow    

next week

then  that day  that night     that week   the day before

the week before

three days before

the next day

the next week

地点状语

here

there

方向性

动词

bring    

come

take   

go

 

 

三、直接引语与间接引语的转换

用法

例句

(1)如果直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,引导词用that,但在口语中通常省略,时态、人称和状语都应作相应的变化

①“I’m a teacher. ” she said.

→She said that she was a teacher.

她说她是一名教师。

②Bill said to me, “I like English very much. ”

→Bill told me that he liked English very much.

比尔告诉我说他非常喜欢英语。

③Betty said, “I am going to buy a bike tomorrow. ”

→Betty said (that) she was going to buy a bike the next day.

贝蒂说她第二天要买一辆自行车。

(2)如果是一般疑问句,要用连词whetherif引导,后面用陈述语序,时态、人称和状语都应作相应的变化

①“Are you a student” Ann asked.

→Ann asked me whether (if) I was a student.

安问我是否是一名学生。

②The teacher asked me, “Can you swim? ”

→The teacher asked me whether (if) I could swim.

老师问我是否会游泳。

(3)如果直接引语是特殊疑问句,要用相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when等引导,助动词do, doesdid要舍弃,并把疑问语序改为陈述语序

①“What are you doing? ”my father asked.

→My father asked what I was doing.

爸爸问我在做什么。

②“When did you come here? ”he asked.

→He asked me when I went there.

他问我什么时候去那儿。

(4)如果直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时多用名词(代词)+不定式结构,否定句在to前面加not; 引述动词常用ask“请求tell“告诉order“命令

①“Please sit down. ” Jim said to me.

→Jim asked me to sit down.

吉姆请我坐下。

②“Don’t make any noise. ” the teacher told us.

→The teacher told us not to make any noise.

老师告诉我们别出声。

 

 

中考英语语法专项复习

直接引语和间接引语习题

I.单项选择

1. We’ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know_____ Tom will come and join us.

A. if                   

B. which          

C. what              

D. where

2. I wanted to know _________.

A. what did she say

B. why does she go to bed late

C. why she went to bed late

D. why she goes to bed late

3. —Mary, could you tell me if your mother ___our school sports meeting tomorrow?

 —I think she will come to school if she _____ free.

A. will take part in; will be     

B. takes part in; is             

C. will take part in; is          

D. takes part in; will be

4. -- Excuse me, could you tell me ____ ?     

  -- Sorry. A city map can help you.

A. where the play will be on

B. how I can get to the museum

C. when the bookstore closes

D. if you can lend me your bike

5. – What did our teacher say just now?
– He asked ________ .
A. that we had any questions 

B. did we have any questions
C . if we had any questions 

D. do you have any questions

II按要求改写句子

1.“Jack, can you help with the dinner? ”Jack’s mother asked. (改成间接引语)

Jack was asked _____ he  _____ help with the dinner.

2. A: The teacher said to the students, “Don’t take mobile phones to school. ”(改为同义句)

B: The teacher told the students _____ _____  take mobile phones to school.

3. My friend asked me“Can you make fruit salad? ”(改写句子,句意不变)

My friend asked me _____ I _____ make fruit salad.

4. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合并为一句)

The sales manager wants to know _____ there _____ any new markets in Asia.

5. “Will you please open the window? ” she said to him. (将直接引语改为间接引语)

She _____ him _____ open the window.

答案:

ACCBC

1. if; could

2. not to 

3. if; could

4. if; are

5.asked; to

 

文章来源于网络,如果侵权请及时联系我们删除,奇速英语全国热线:400-1000-028

 

中高考真题30篇冲刺详情点击这里了解更多

 

上一篇:浙江温州中考英语考前培训班,过来人用真实经历告诉你!

下一篇:浙江温州高中英语夏令营活动总结,如何选择辅导班?

奇速英语直播体验课
相关文章
精品推荐