特殊句式

 

I.单项填空

1.（2019天津高考）The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.

A. should they B. they should C. dare they D. they dare

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。

 

2. （2018北京高考）In any unsafe situation，simply        the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.

A．press     B．to press    C．pressing    D．pressed

【答案】A

【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按下按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。根据句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，所以用动词原形。

 

3. （2018天津高考）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house        we saw Lily in the passenger seat.

A．which   B．that     C．when   D．where

【答案】选B。

【解析】考查强调句式。去掉题干的It was和空处后，这个句子语法结构依然完整，表示“只有当汽车停在我家房前的时候，我们才看到乘客座位上的莉莉”，因此这是一个强调句式，被强调的是“only＋状语从句”，因此选B。

 

4.【2017·江苏卷】22. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

A. It were   B. Were it   C. It was    D. Was it

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。

 

5.【2017·天津卷】11. It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.

A. who    B. where   C. which    D. that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。

 

6.【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged

C. did they encourage D. they encouraged

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。

 

 

7.【2016·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.

A. who   B. which   C. where   D. that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。使用强调句，结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel。故选D。

 

8.【2016·上海】(B)But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm.

【答案】that  

【解析】考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。

 

9.【2015·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.

A. to keep   B. to have kept   C. keep  D. have kept

【答案】C  　

【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。

 

10.【2015·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.

A. she realized        B. has she realized  

C. she has realized       D. did she realize

【答案】D

【解析】句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。

 

11.【2015·湖南】23.Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.

A. I did discover B. did I discover 

C. I discovered D. discovered

【答案】B

【解析】副词only置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句， 该状语从句不倒装， 只对主句进行倒装。此题中only作为副词放在句首修饰时间状语after talking to two student，所以主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B

 

12.【2015·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

A. which B. that C. where D. how

【答案】B

【解析】根据分析：此句是It was…开头且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)… 。句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B。

 

13.【2015·重庆】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.

A. while    B. though    C. that    D. after

【答案】C                

【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与not until 连用。It be not until that … 故选C项。not until 引起的时间状语置于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由 not until 引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。

 

II.语法填空

1.【2019全国II卷】They were two reasons for the decision.    【答案】they改为there

【解析】考查there be句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的they在前边句中找不到指代关系，且后边句子中的one与the other是对这两个原因的解释。故将they改为there。

 

2．(2019·邢台市高三上学期第一次月考)It was through her study of caterpillars  ________  ，she discovered the truth about their life cycles．

【答案】that　

【解析】句意：正是通过她对于毛毛虫的研究，她才发现了它们生命轮回的真相。本句是强调句型“It is/was ．．． that ．．．”，被强调部分是through her study of caterpillars，故填that。

 

3．(2019·山东省德州市武城二中高三月考)Not until he retired from teaching two years ago  ________  he consider having a holiday abroad．

【答案】did　

【解析】句意：直到他两年前从教育战线上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。not until结构位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装语序，同时后面是实义动词，根据two years ago判断句子用一般过去时，答案为did。

 

4．(2019·河南周口中英文学校高三月考)________     I wish my work could be settled within a day!

【答案】How　

【解析】句意：我多么希望我的工作可以一天里解决！根据语境可知，本题是一个感叹句，how修饰整个句子，因此填How。

 

5．(2019·河北省衡水中学高三上学期二调考试)She opened it and let out a deep breath． Inside it ________ (be) two sharp knives．

【答案】were　

【解析】句意：她打开它，深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首，句子应用倒装语序，主语是two sharp knives，是复数形式，与之一致谓语也用复数，结合上句的opened，可知填were。

 

6．(2019·浙江杭州一次质检)A child, if actively ________ (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things．

【答案】engaged　

【解析】句意：如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动，他能学会许多东西。本句为省略句。将本句补全后为：If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things．把相同的主语a child和be动词省去，故填engaged。

 

III.短文改错

1．(2019·惠州市高三第一次调研)None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】knew→know　

【解析】句意：我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。nor放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，所以助动词did在前，此处谓语动词用原形。

 

2．(2019·湖南长郡中学高三月考)It was not until his third match in 1790 when he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】when→that　

【解析】句意：正是直到1790年第三次比赛时，他才最后打败Humphries，而成为英国的冠军。本题是一个强调句型，强调“not until ．．． ”部分，而不是when引导的定语从句，故改为that。

 

3．(2018·山东省枣庄一模)Seldom I go out alone in the evening．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】Seldom后加do　

【解析】表示否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子应用部分倒装；本句描述惯常行为，故用一般现在时。

 

4．(2018·河北衡水模拟)Though urging to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons．

________________________________________________________________________

【答案】urging →urged　

【解析】句意：尽管被催促了很多次，这个小男孩充耳不闻，继续看卡通片。Though urging to go to bed many times部分是一个省略句，urge和主句的主语之间存在动宾关系，故改为urged。

 

5．(2018·四川联考)In front of the stadium stand a long queue waiting for the star's arrival．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】stand →stands　

【解析】介词短语置于句首时，句子应用全部倒装，句子的主语是a long queue，因此谓语动词应用单数形式。

 

6．(2019·山西太原检测)There have a time when we young people believe that our parents should stop offering their advice．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】have→is　

【解析】句意：有这么一段时间，我们年轻人认为我们的父母应该停止提出建议。此处为“there be”句型。There is a time when ．．．  “有一段时间……”。

 

7．(2018·湖南调研)That's all． Thank you． Some questions?

________________________________________________________________

【答案】Some→Any　

【解析】由语境可知本句为省略句，且为一般疑问句，故将Some改为Any。some作“一些”讲时，常用在肯定句中，而any常用在疑问句中。

 

8．(2018·陕西全真模拟)In a word, success is important, and so does failure, because it's the mother of success．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】does→is　

【解析】句意：总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为失败乃成功之母。因为“success is important”的谓语动词是系动词is，故将does改为is。

 

9．(2018·南昌三校联考)When was it he made up his mind to take this lesson?

________________________________________________________________

【答案】it后加that　

【解析】本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，结构为“特殊疑问词＋was/is＋it＋that/who＋其他？”。

 

10．(2018·河北联考)It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】him →he　

【解析】本句为强调句型。被强调的部分为句子主语，故将him改为he。

 

11．(2018·河北质检)I asked Charles to see the movie, but he didn't want．

________________________________________________________________

【答案】want 后 加 to　

【解析】此处为不定式的省略。不定式在省略时，可以省略动词但是必须保留不定式符号to。

 

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