熟词生义，一直是高考英语中的重难点，今天老师特地为大家整理了高考必备的熟词生义，并附有例句，以帮助同学们在语境中加深对单词释义的理解，在文章的最后配有相应的练习。同学们可以先学习，然后再进行练习巩固，希望可以为同学们的高考冲刺助力！ 

 

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1

 

afford 

 

熟义：v 买得起；支付得起 

例句：I couldn’t afford the rent on my own. 我单靠自己付不起房租。 

生义：v 抽得出（时间） 

例句：She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. 她工作太忙，抽不出时间去看他。 

 

2

 

against 

 

熟义：prep 反对 

例句：Are you for or against my proposal? 你赞成还是反对我的提议？ 

生义：prep 以……为背景；以防 

例句：His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 他的红色衣服在白雪中格外显眼。 

We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. 我们替车买了火险、盗窃险和交通意外险。  

 

3

 

air 

 

熟义：n 空气 

例句：Let’s go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。 

生义：v 公开发表（看法） 

例句：Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。 

 

4

 

business

 

熟义：n 商业；买卖；生意 

例句：She works in the computer business. 她从事电脑业。 

生义：n 职责 

例句：It is the business of the police to protect the community. 警察的职责是保护社会。 

 

5

 

coin 

 

熟义：n 硬币 

例句：a ten-cent coin 面值十分的硬币 

生义：v 创造（新词语） 

例句：Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.

加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期开发。 

 

6

 

collect 

 

熟义：v 收集；收藏 

例句：I used to collect stamps. 我过去曾经集邮。 

生义：v 接走；领取 

例句：Martin’s gone to collect the children from school. 马丁去接孩子们放学了。 

Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday. 你的鞋子星期四会修好，到时可以来取。 

 

7

 

corner 

 

熟义：n 街角；拐角 

例句：There’s a hotel at the corner of my street. 我住的那条街拐角处有一家旅馆。 

生义：v 使……走投无路；逼……入绝境 

例句：If cornered, the snake will defend itself. 蛇在被逼得走投无路时会自卫。 

 

8

 

cover 

 

熟义：v 覆盖 

例句：Much of the country is covered by forest. 森林覆盖了这个国家的大片土地。 

生义：v 行走（一段路程）；报道 

例句：They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday. 他们昨天是打算走40英里的。 

She’s covering the American election for BBC television. 她在为英国广播公司的电视台报道美国大选。 

 

9

 

develop 

 

熟义：v 发展；开发；研制 

例句：The company develops and markets new software. 这家公司开发并销售新软件。 

生义：v 冲洗（胶片） 

例句：I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet. 我的度假照片还没冲洗出来。 

 

10

 

exercise 

 

熟义：n / v 运动；锻炼 

例句：It’s important to exercise regularly. 经常锻炼很重要。 

生义：n / v 行使；运用（权力等） 

例句：When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent. 她出庭时行使了自己保持沉默的权利。 

 

11

 

figure 

 

熟义：n 数字 

例句：His salary is now in six figures. 他的薪水现在是六位数。 

生义：v 认为 

例句：We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 我们认为明智的做法是等待。 

 

12

 

gift 

 

熟义：n 礼物；赠品 

例句：The watch was a gift from my mother. 这块表是母亲给我的礼物。 

生义：n 天赋；才能 

例句：She has a great gift for music. 她极有音乐天赋。 

 

13

 

hold 

 

 

 

熟义：v 拿着；召开；举行 

例句：Could we hold a meeting to discuss this tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午我们开会讨论这件事好吗？ 

生义：v 容纳；担任 

例句：The plane holds about 300 passengers. 这架飞机可容纳大约300名乘客。 

      He currently holds the position of technical manager. 他目前担任技术经理的职务。 

 

14

 

lead 

 

熟义：v 领路；引领 

例句：If you lead, I’ll follow. 你领头，我跟着。 

生义：v 通往；导致 

例句：The path led down to a small lake. 这条路通向一个小湖。 

      Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。 

 

15

 

line 

 

熟义：n 线；行；列 

例句：The children all stood in a line. 孩子们全都站成一排。 

生义：n 台词 

例句：It always took me ages to learn my lines. 我总是花很长时间才能记住台词。 

 

16

 

measure  

 

熟义：v 测量 

例句：Measure the length and width of the gap. 测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。  

生义：n 措施；办法 

例句：These measures were designed to improve car safety. 这些措施旨在提高汽车安全性。 

 

17

 

nail 

 

 

 

熟义：n 钉子；指甲 

例句：The key was hanging on a nail by the door. 钥匙挂在门边的一颗钉子上。 

She sat painting her nails. 她坐着涂指甲油。 

生义：v 钉；将……钉牢 

例句：I nailed the sign to a tree. 我将标示牌钉到了一棵树上。 

 

18

 

narrow 

 

熟义：adj 狭窄的 

例句：There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall. 床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。 

生义：adj 勉强的；刚刚好的；狭义的 

例句：We won a narrow victory. 我们险胜。 

      I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense. 我说的是较狭义的“教育”。 

 

19

 

note 

 

熟义：n 笔记；记录 

例句：Can I borrow your lecture notes? 我可以借你的课堂笔记看看吗？ 

生义：v 注意；留意 

例句：Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days. 请注意本账单必须在十天以内付清。 

 

20

 

object 

 

熟义：n 物体；目标 

例句：The object is to educate people about road safety. 目的是教育人们注意交通安全。 

生义：v 反对 

例句：I really object to being charged for parking. 我非常反对收停车费。 

 

21

 

perform 

 

熟义：v 演出；表演 

例句：I’m looking forward to seeing you perform. 我期待着看你演出。 

生义：v 做；履行；执行 

例句：This operation has never been performed in this country. 这个国家从未做过这种手术。 

 

22

 

plain 

 

熟义：n 平原 

例句：High mountains rise above the plain. 高山从平原拔地而起。 

生义：adj 清楚的；明显的；坦诚的 

例句：I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested. 我直截了当地表示我不感兴趣。 

      Let’s have some plain, truthful answers. 让我们听听坦率而真实的回答吧。 

 

23

 

post 

 

熟义：v 邮寄 

例句：Have you posted your order yet? 你把订单寄出去没有？ 

生义：v 张贴；公布 

例句：A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard. 布告牌上张贴了这封信的内容。 

 

24

 

pronounce 

 

熟义：v 发音 

例句：Very few people can pronounce my name correctly. 很少有人能把我的名字念正确。 

生义：v 正式宣布（或公布、授予等） 

例句：She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital. 到达医院时她被宣布已经死亡。 

 

25

 

raise 

 

熟义：v 提升；举起 

例句：She raised a hand in greeting. 她扬起手表示问候。 

生义：v 募集；抚养；养育 

例句：They were raising funds to help needy youngsters. 他们正在筹款帮助贫困青少年。 

The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food. 新成长起来的一代是第一批吃加工食品长大的一代。 

 

26

 

read  

 

熟义：v 阅读；读；朗读 

例句：He liked reading to his grandchildren. 他喜欢念书给孙子孙女听。 

生义：v 解读；理解；读数为；显示 

例句：She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal. 她摇摇头，我以为这是拒绝。 

      What does the thermometer read? 温度计的读数是多少？ 

 

27

 

respect 

 

熟义：n / v 尊敬；敬重 

例句：She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实。我非常敬重她这一点。 

生义：n （事物的）方面 

例句：In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one. 新版在许多方面不如旧版。 

 

28

 

sentence 

 

熟义：n 句子 

例句：It’s difficult to sum it up in one sentence. 很难用一句话来概括。 

生义：n / v 判刑 

例句：She received an eight-year prison sentence. 她被判八年徒刑。 

 

29

 

well 

 

熟义：adv 好；令人满意地

例句：The kids all behaved well. 孩子们都很有礼貌。 

生义：v 涌出；流出 

例句：Tears were welling up in her eyes. 她热泪盈眶。 

 

30

 

wind

 

熟义：n 风 

例句：The wind is blowing from the south. 刮的是南风。 

生义：v 蜿蜒；给（钟表等）上发条 

例句：The path wound down to the beach. 这条小路弯弯曲曲通向海滩。 

He had forgotten to wind his watch. 他忘了给表上发条了。 

 

写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。 

 

 

 

1. She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him.              _____________________ 

 

2. His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.             _____________________ 

 

3. We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident.          _____________________ 

 

4. Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views.      _____________________ 

 

5. It is the business of the police to protect the community.         _____________________ 

 

6. Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development.  

_____________________ 

 

7. Martin’s gone to collect the children from school.                _____________________ 

 

8. Your shoes will be repaired and ready for you to collect on Thursday.  _____________________ 

 

9. If cornered, the snake will defend itself.                        _____________________ 

 

10. They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday.                  _____________________   

 

11. She’s covering the American election for BBC television.         _____________________ 

  

12. I haven’t had my holiday photos developed yet.                 _____________________ 

 

13. When she appeared in court she exercised her rights to remain silent.   

_____________________ 

 

14. We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.                 _____________________ 

 

15. She has a great gift for music.                               _____________________ 

 

16. The plane holds about 300 passengers.                        _____________________ 

 

17. He currently holds the position of technical manager. 

 

18. The path led down to a small lake.                           _____________________ 

 

19. Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.              _____________________ 

 

20. It always took me ages to learn my lines.                       _____________________ 

 

21. These measures were designed to improve car safety. 

 

22. I nailed the sign to a tree.                                   _____________________ 

 

23. We won a narrow victory.                                   _____________________ 

 

24. I am using the word ‘education’ in the narrower sense.            _____________________ 

 

25. Please note that the bill must be paid within ten days.             _____________________ 

 

26. I really object to being charged for parking.                     _____________________ 

 

27. This operation has never been performed in this country.          _____________________ 

 

28. I made it quite plain that I wasn’t interested.                    _____________________ 

 

29. Let’s have some plain, truthful answers.                       _____________________ 

 

30. A copy of the letter was posted on the noticeboard.              _____________________ 

 

31. She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.              _____________________ 

 

32. They were raising funds to help needy youngsters.               _____________________ 

 

33. The new generation was the first to be raised on processed food.    _____________________ 

 

34. She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal.                _____________________ 

 

35. What does the thermometer read?                           _____________________ 

 

36. In many respects the new version is not as good as the old one.   _____________________                      

 

37. She received an eight-year prison sentence.                   _____________________ 

 

38. Tears were welling up in her eyes.                          _____________________ 

 

39. The path wound down to the beach.                         _____________________ 

 

40. He had forgotten to wind his watch.                         _____________________ 

 

  答案  

 

 

 

1. 抽得出（时间）   

2. 以……为背景   

3. 以防   

4. 公开发表（看法） 

5. 职责   

6. 创造（新词语）   

7. 接走   

8. 领取   

9. 使……走投无路；逼……入绝境 

10. 行走（一段路程）   

11. 报道   

12. 冲洗（胶片）   

13. 行使；运用（权力等） 

14. 认为   

15. 天赋；才能   

16. 容纳   

17. 担任   

18. 通往   

19. 导致 

20. 台词   

21. 措施；办法   

22. 钉；将……钉牢   

23. 勉强的；刚刚好的    

24. 较狭义的 

25. 注意；留意   

26. 反对   

27. 做    

28. 清楚的；明显的   

29. 坦诚的   

30. 张贴；公布   

31. 正式宣布   

32. 募集 

33. 抚养；养育   

34. 解读；理解   

35. 读数为；显示   

36. （事物的）方面   

37. 判刑 

38. 涌出；流出   

39. 蜿蜒   

40. 给（钟表等）上发条 

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