Unit1 Can you play the guitar?

 

◆短语归纳

1. play chess 下国际象棋 

2. play the guitar 弹吉他 

3. speak English 说英语

4. English club 英语俱乐部 

5. talk to 跟…说 

6. play the violin 拉小提琴

7. play the piano 弹钢琴 

8. play the drums 敲鼓 

9. make friends 结交朋友

10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫 

11. tell stories 讲故事 

12. play games 做游戏

13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末

 

◆用法集萃 

1. play +棋类/球类  下…棋/打…球 

2. play the +西洋乐器  弹/拉…乐器 

3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth.  擅长做某事 

4. be good with sb.  和某人相处地好 

5. need sb. to do sth.  需要某人做某事 

6. can + 动词原形  能/会做某事 

7. a little + 不可数名词  一点儿… 

8. join the…club  加入…俱乐部 

9. like to do sth. =love to do sth.  喜欢/喜爱做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —Can you draw? 你会画画吗？

—Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 是的，我会。/不，我不会。

 

2. —What club do you want to join? 你想加入哪个俱乐部？

—I want to join the chess club. 我想加入国际象棋俱乐部。

 

3. You can join the English club. 你可以加入英语俱乐部。

 

4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 听上去很好。

 

5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 我会说英语也会踢足球。

 

6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721. 请给米勒夫人拨打电话555-3721。

 

◆话题写作

主题：介绍自己特长/强项

 

Dear Sir,

 

I want to join your organization (组织) to help kids with 

sports, music and English. 

 

My name is Mike. I am 15 years old. I'm a student in No. 1 Middle school. I can play the guitar well. I can sing many songs. I can swim and speak English well, too. I think I can be good with the kids. I also do well in telling stories.

 

I hope to get your letter soon.

 

Yours,

Mike

 

 

Unit2 What time do you go to school?

 

◆短语归纳

1. what time 几点

2. go to school 去上学 

3. get up 起床

4. take a shower 洗淋浴 

5. brush teeth 刷牙 

6. get to 到达

7. do homework 做家庭作业 

8. go to work 去上班 

9. go home 回家

10. eat breakfast 吃早饭 

11. get dressed 穿上衣服 

12. get home 到家

13. either…or… 要么…要么… 

14. go to bed 上床睡觉

15. in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

16. take a walk 散步 

17. lots of=a lot of 许多，大量 

18. radio station 广播电台

19. at night 在晚上 

20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到

 

◆用法集萃 

1. at + 具体时间点  在几点（几分）

2. eat breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 

3. thirty/half past +基数词  …点半 

4. fifteen/a quarter to +基数词  差一刻到…点 

5. take a/an+名词  从事…活动 

6. from…to…  从…到… 

7. need to do sth 需要做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点钟起床？

—I usually get up at six thirty. 我通常6:30起床。

 

2. That’s a funny time for breakfast. 那是个有趣的早餐时间。

 

3. —When do students usually eat dinner? 学生们通常什么时候吃完饭？

—They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening. 他们通常在晚上6:45吃晚饭。

 

4. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.

在晚上，我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。

 

5. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.

在十二点，她午餐吃很多水果和蔬菜。

 

6. She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good.她知道它对她没好处，但是尝起来很好。

 

7. Here are your clothes. 这是你的衣服。

 

◆话题写作

主题：谈论日常作息习惯

 

My School Day

 

I am a student. I usually get up at seven, and I eat breakfast at seven thirty. Then I go to school at eight. School starts at eight thirty. I eat lunch at twelve. I go home at 17:00. I often eat dinner at 19:00 and then play the piano. I do my homework at 20:00. At 22:00, I go to bed.

 

 

Unit3 How do you get to school?

 

◆短语归纳

1. get to school 到达学校

2. take the subway 乘地铁 

3. ride a bike 骑自行车

4. how far 多远 

5. from home to school 从家到学校 

6. every day 每天

7. take the bus 乘公共汽车 

8. by bike 骑自行车 

9. bus stop 公共汽车站

10. think of 认为 

11. between…and… 在…和…之间

12. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 13. 

play with… 和…玩

14. come true 实现 

15. have to 不得不

 

◆用法集萃

1. take…to…= go to…by… 乘…去…

2. How do/does sb get to…? 某人是怎样到…的？ 

3. How far is it from…to…? 从…到…有多远？ 

4. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。 5. How long does it take to do sth.? …花费多长时间？ 

6. It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是…

7. Thanks for + n./Ving 感谢你（做）某事。

 

◆典句必背

1. —How do you get to school? 你怎么去上学？

—I ride my bike. 我骑自行车。

 

2. How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远？

 

3. How long does it take you to get to school? 去上学花费你多久？

 

4. For many students, it is easy to get to school. 对很多学生来说，很容易到达学校。

 

5. There is a very big river between their school and the village. 在他们学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河流。

 

◆话题写作

主题：上学的交通方式 

 

写作思路：②开篇点题：点出自己的出行方式；②具体内容：自己选择这种交通方式的原因；③结束语: 表明自己的观点。

 

The Best Way for Me to Go to School

 

Different students go to school in different ways in our school, but I llike to go to school on foot.

 

First, I live near the school, so my home is not far from my school. And it takes me a few minutes to get there. Second, there is a crossing on my way to school, and sometimes the traffic is very busy. I think it is safer to go to school on foot. Third, I think walking is good for my health. It’s a kind of sport and it makes me study better.

 

So in my opinion, the best way to go to school is on foot. What about you?

 

 

Unit4 Don’t eat in class.

 

◆短语归纳

1. on time 准时，按时 

2. listen to… 听……

3. in class 在课上 

4. be late for 做……迟到

5. have to 不得不 

6. be quiet 安静

7. go out 外出 

8. do the dishes 清洗餐具

9. make breakfast 做早饭 

10. make (one’s) bed 铺床

11. be noisy 吵闹 

12. keep one’s hair short 留短发

13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩 

14. play the piano 弹钢琴

15. have fun 玩得高兴 

16. make rules 制订规则

 

◆用法集萃 

1. Don’t + 动词原形+其他。  不要做某事。 

2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 

3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 

4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事 

5. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 

6. be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格 

7. leave sth sp. 把某物落在某地 

8. keep+宾语+形容词 使……保持某种状态 

9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 

10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。

 

2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？

 

3. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 并且我们总是不得不穿校服。

 

4. There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！

 

5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！

 

6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。

 

◆话题写作

主题：规则

 

Dear Tom,

 

Thanks for your last letter. You want to know the rules in our school. Now let me tell you about them. 

 

We can’t arrive late for class. We can’t talk loudly in class. We should keep quiet. When we meet our teachers on our way, we should say hello to them. We can’t eat or drink in class, and we can’t listen to music or play games in class.

 

I think we have too many rules. What about yours? Please write and tell me.

 

Yours,

Li Ming

 

 

Unit5 Why do you like pandas?

 

◆短语归纳

1. kind of 有几分，有点儿 

2. be from/come from 来自于

3. South Africa 南非 

4. all day 整天

5. for a long time 很长时间 

6. get lost 迷路

7. places with food and water 有食物和水的地方 

8. cut down 砍倒

9. in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险之中 

10. twelve years old 十二岁

11. things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西

 

◆用法集萃 

1. —Why…? 为什么……？ 

—Because… 因为……

2. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 

3. want to do sth. 想要做某事 

4. one of+名词复数  ……之一 

5. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 

6. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 

7. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 

8. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好

 

◆典句必背

1. —Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫？

—Because they’re kind of interesting. 因为它们有点儿有趣。

 

2. —Why does John like koalas? 约翰为什么喜欢树袋熊？

—Because they’re very cute. 因为它们非常可爱。

 

3. —Why don’t you like tigers? 你为什么不喜欢老虎？

—Because they’re really scary. 因为它们真的吓人。

 

4. —Where are lions from? 狮子来自哪里？

—They’re from South Africa. 它们来自南非。

 

5. Elephants can walk for a long time and never get lost. 大象能走很长时间并且从不迷路。

 

6. They can also remember places with food and water. 它们也能记住有食物和水的地方。

 

7. But elephants are in great danger. 但是，大象处于极大危险之中。

 

8. People cut down many trees so elephants are losing their homes.

人们砍倒了许多树，因此，大象渐渐失去它们的家园。

 

9. Today there are only about 3,000 elephants (over 100,000 before)

现在仅有大约3000头大象（之前超过10万头大象）。

 

10.Isn’t she beautiful? 她难道不美丽吗？

 

◆话题写作

主题：介绍自己喜欢的动物

 

The Animal I Like

 

There are many kinds of animals in the world. What animal do I like? Let’s know her.

 

Many people like her very much. I also like her. She is from China. She is very cute. She doesn’t eat grass and meat at all. She eats bamboo every day. She is so nice. She is black and white. She has two big black ears and eyes. And she also has black legs and arms.

 

What animal is she? She is a panda. I like panda very much. Do you like her? What animal do you like?

 

 

Unit6 I’m watching TV.

 

◆短语归纳

1. watch TV 看电视 

2. read a newspaper 看报纸

3. talk on the phone 通过电话交谈 

4. listen to music 听音乐

5. use the computer 使用电脑 

6. make soup 做汤

7. wash the dishes 洗餐具 

8. kind of 有点儿

 

◆用法集萃 

1. —What + be+ 主语+ doing? ……正在做什么？ 

—主语+ be + doing sth. ……正在做某事。 

2. I’d love/like to do sth. 我愿意做某事。 

3. any other+可数名词单数 其他任何一个…… 

4. wish to do sth. 希望做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —Why are you doing? 你在做什么？

—I’m watching TV. 我在看电视。

 

2. —What’s she doing? 她在做什么？

—She’s washing her clothes. 她在洗她的衣服。

 

3. —What are they doing? 他们在做什么？

—They’re listening to a CD. 他们在听一张CD 唱片。

 

4. —Are you doing your homework? 你在做你的家庭作业吗？

—Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. I’m cleaning my room. 是的，我在做。/不，我没有。我在打扫我的房间。

 

5. Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom’s delicious zongzi.

朱辉思念他的家人并希望吃上他妈妈的可口粽子。

 

◆话题写作

主题：描述正在发生的事情

 

It’s seven o’clock in the evening. Kate’s family are all at home. 

 

Kate is doing her homework. Her father is reading a book. Her mother is watching TV. Her grandfather is listening to the radio and her grandmother is cleaning the room. Her sister, Betty, is playing computer games. 

 

They are all enjoying themselves.

 

 

Unit7 It’s raining!

 

◆短语归纳

1. not bad 不错 

2. at the park 在公园

3. take a message for… 为……捎个口信

4. have a good time/have a great time/have fun/enjoy oneself 过得愉快

5. call sb. back 给某人回电话 

6. no problem 没问题

7. right now 现在 

8. talk on the phone 通过电话交谈

9. some of  ......当中的一些 

10. by the pool 在游泳池边

11. drink orange juice 喝橙汁 

12. study hard 努力学习

13. on a vacation 在度假 

14. in the mountains 在山里

15. call sb. 给某人打电话 

16. write to sb. 给某人写信

 

◆用法集萃 

1. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 

2. have a great time/have fun + (in) doing sth. 愉快地做某事 

3. just right for doing sth. 做某事正合适

 

◆典句必背

1. How’s the weather? 

天气怎么样？

 

2. It’s cloudy. / It’s sunny. / It’s raining. 

天气多云。/ 天气晴朗。/ 天正下雨。

 

3. How’s it going? 

情况怎么样？

 

4. Great! /Not bad./Terrible! 

好极了！/ 不错。/糟糕！

 

5. Can I take a message for him? 

我给他捎个口信好吗？

 

6. I’m having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada.

我正在加拿大愉快地拜访我的姨妈

 

7. My family and I are on a vacation in the mountains. 

我和我的家人正在山里度假。

 

8. It’s hot in your country now, isn’t it? 

现在你的国家天气炎热，不是吗？

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍某地的天气

 

The Weather in Beijing

 

Hello, everyone! I’m from Beijing. Do you want to know the weather in Beijing? Now let me tell you something about the weather here.

 

In Beijing, spring is very short and warm. In summer, it’s very hot, but it often rains. We often go swimming in the river. In autumn, the weather is very dry and cool. We often go to the farm to work with the farmers to help them. In winter, it’s very cold, and sometimes it’s snowy and windy.

 

I like swimming, so summer is my favorite season.

 

 

Unit8 Is there a post office near here?

 

◆短语归纳

1. post office 邮局 

2. police station 警察局

3. pay phone 付费电话 

4. Bridge Street 桥街

5. Center Street 中心大街 

6. Long Street 长街

7. near here 附近 

8. across from 在……对面

9. next to 挨着，靠近 

10. between…and… 在……和……之间

11. in front of 在……前面 

12. excuse me 劳驾

13. far from 离……远 

14. go along… 沿着……走

15. turn right/left 向右/左转 

16. on the(或one’s) right/left 在（某人的）右边/左边

17. in my neighborhood 在我的街区 

18. look like 看起来像

19. in life 一生中 

20. be free 免费的/有空的

 

◆用法集萃

1. Turn right / left at the +序数词+ crossing. 在第几个路口向右 / 左转。 

2. spend + 时间 /金钱 + on sth. 花费时间/金钱在...... 

spend + 时间 / +金钱 (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事 

3. watch sb. doing 观看某人正在做某事 

4. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —Is there a hospital near here? 这附近有医院吗？

—Yes, there is. It’s on Bridge Street. 是的，有。它在桥街上。

 

2. —Oh… where’s Center Street? 噢……中心大街在哪里？

—It’s not too far from here. 它离这儿不太远。

 

3. Go along Long Street and it’s on the right. 沿着长街走，它在右边。

 

4. Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一个十字路口向右转。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：指路

 

Where is the hotel? Let me tell you how to get there. Go down this road and then turn left. Go through First Street and Second Street. When you come to Third Street, turn right and walk on. You can see a bridge over a river. Go across the bridge. Then you can see the hotel. It’s on your right, across from the post office. You will find it.

 

Unit9 What does he look like?

 

◆短语归纳

1. short hair 短发 

2. long hair 长发

3. curly hair 卷发 

4. straight hair 直发

5. (be) of medium height 中等个子 

6. (be) of medium build 中等身材

7. go to the movies 去看电影 

8. a little 有点儿

9. look like 看起来像 

10. a big nose 大鼻子

11. a small mouth 小嘴巴 

12. a round face 圆脸

13. black hair 黑发 

14. big eyes 大眼睛

15. a long face 长脸 

16. the same way 同样的方式

17. in the end 最后 

18. blonde hair 金黄色的头发

 

◆用法集萃

1. What does / do + 主语 + look like? ……长得什么样？ 

2. sb. + be + of + medium build / height 某人中等身材/个子 

3. sb. + has +… hair 某人留着……头发 

4. sb. wears + ... 某人穿着/戴着……

 

◆典句必背

1. —What does he look like? 他长什么样？

—He’s really tall. 他真的很高。

 

2. —Do they have straight or curly hair? 他们留直发还是卷发？

—They have curly hair. 他们留卷发。

 

3. —Is he tall or short? 他高还是矮？

—He isn’t tall or short. He’s of medium height. 他不高不矮。他中等个子。

 

4. The man with a pair of glasses is my English teacher. 那个戴眼镜的男人是我的英语老师。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍某人的外貌

 

Lost

 

Kate, a twelve –year-old girl, is lost in the street.

 

She is of medium height with short hair. She has a round face and small eyes. She wears a pair of glasses. She wears a white shirt, a pair of blue jeans and a pair of black sports shoes.

 

If anyone knows her, please call Mr. Green at 26458132. Thanks a lot.

 

 

Unit10 I’d like some noodles.

 

◆短语归纳

1. would like 想要 

2. take one’s order 点菜

3. beef soup 牛肉汤 

4. one bowl of… 一碗……

5. what size 什么尺寸 

6. mapo tofu with rice 麻婆豆腐盖饭

7. what kind 什么种类 

8. small / medium / large bowl 小/ 中/大碗

9. green tea 绿茶 

10. orange juice 橘汁

11. around the world 世界各地 

12. birthday cake 生日蛋糕

13. the number of… ......的数量 

14. make a wish 许个愿望

15. blow out 吹灭 

16. in one go 一口气

17. come true 实现 

18. cut up 切碎

 

◆用法集萃 

1. would like + sth. 想要某物 

2. would like + to do sth. 想要做某事 

3. Why don’t you + do sth.? 何不做某事？ 

4. the number of + 名词复数 ……的数量；a number of+名词复数 许多……

 

◆典句必背

1. What kind of noodles would you like? 你想要哪种面条？

 

2. I’d like beef noodles, please. 我想要牛肉面。

 

3. What size would you like? 你想要多大的？

 

4. I’d like a medium bowl, please. 我想要一个中碗的。

 

5. Would you like a large bowl? 你想要一个大碗的吗？

 

6. Yes, please. 好吧。

 

7. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go, the wish will come true. 假如他或她一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛，愿望将实现。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍自己最喜欢的食物

 

My Favorite Food

 

I’m a middle school student. I like to eat healthy food. I have milk, eggs and bread for breakfast. For lunch I would like rice, fish and vegetables. I like chicken, juice, rice and hamburgers for supper. Of all the food, my favorite food is chicken and apple juice.

 

 

Unit11 How was your school trip?

 

◆短语归纳

1. go for a walk 去散步 

2. milk a cow 挤牛奶

3. ride a horse 骑马 

4. feed chickens 喂小鸡

5. talk with 与……谈话 

6. take photos 拍照

7. quite a lot 相当多 

8. show… around 带领……参观

9. learn about 了解 

10. from… to… 从……到……

11. grow strawberries 种植草莓 

12. pick strawberries 采草莓

13. in the countryside 在乡下 

14. go fishing 去钓鱼

15. at night 在夜晚 

16. a lot of 许多；大量

17. come out 出来 

18. go on a school trip 去学校郊游

19. along the way 沿线 

20. after that 之后

21. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 

22. all in all 总的来说

23. take a / the train 乘火车 

24. be interested in 对……感兴趣

25. not… at all 根本不……

 

◆用法集萃 

1. How + be…? + like? ……怎么样？ 

2. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 

3. teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人怎样做某事 

4. quite + a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数 = a + very + 形容+可数名词单数 一个相当 / 很……的......

 

◆典句必背

1. —How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样？

—It was great! 好极了！

 

2. —Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？

—No, I didn’t. I went to a farm. 不，没有。我去农场了。

 

3. —Did you see any cows? 你看见一些牛奶了吗？

—Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的，我看见了，我看见相当多（的牛奶）

 

4. —Were the strawberries good? 这些草莓是好的吗？

— Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。 / No, they weren’t. 不，它们不是。

 

5. Everything was about robots and I’m not interested in that. 一切都是关于机器人的，我对那方面不感兴趣。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍过去的活动

 

I had a busy weekend. On Saturday morning, I did my homework, and then I played computer games. In the afternoon, I visited my grandmother. We talked for a long time.

 

On Sunday morning, I cleaned my room and did some reading. Then I cooked for my parents. In the afternoon, I watched a football match on TV and listened to music. I had a good time.

 

 

Unit12 What did you do last weekend?

 

◆短语归纳

1. do my homework 做我的家庭作业 

2. go to cinema 去看电影

3. go boating / camping 去划船 / 去野营 

4. play badminton 打羽毛球

5. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上 

6. work as 以……身份而工作

7. have a good weekend 周末过得愉快 

8. kind of 有点儿

9. stay up late 熬夜 

10. run away 跑开

11. shout at 对……大声叫嚷 

12. fly a kite 放风筝

13. high school 中学 

14. put up 搭起，举起

15. in the countryside 在乡下 

16. get a surprise 吃惊

17. make a fire 生火 

18. each other 互相

19. so… that… 如此……以至于…… 

20. go to sleep 入睡

21. the next morning 第二天早上 

22. look out of…向……外看

23. shout to 冲……呼喊 

24. up and down 上上下下

25. wake…up 把……弄醒 

26. move into… 移进……

27. a swimming pool 一个游泳池

 

◆用法集萃

1. go + doing 去做某事 

2. play + 球类 玩……球 

3. 时间段+ ago ……前 

4. keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语 使……保持……

5. so + 形容词 / 副词+ that 句子 如此……以至于……

6. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

7. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 

8. start to do / doing sth. 开始做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —What did you do last weekend? 上个周末你做什么了？

—I did my homework. / We went boating. 我做了我的家庭作业。/我们去划船了。

 

2. —Who visited her grandma? 谁看望了她的奶奶？

— Becky did. 贝姬看望了。

 

3. My sister finished high school two weeks ago. 我的姐姐两周前中学毕业了。

 

4. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我是如此疲倦，以至于我很早就睡着了。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍过去发生的一件事情

 

My friend Li Hua came to visit me on May Day. During the following days I showed him around the city. 

 

We went to the Guangzhou Museum on the morning of May 2. We learned much about the history of Guangzhou. In the afternoon., we climbed the Baiyun Hills. It was really great fun! In the evening. I took Li Hua to the night zoo. It was interesting to see animals at night. The next day, we went to the bookshops to buy books. 

 

Though we were very tired, we enjoyed ourselves very much.

 

 

人教版八年级下册

Unit11 How was your school trip?

 

 

◆短语归纳

1. go for a walk 去散步 

2. milk a cow 挤牛奶

3. ride a horse 骑马 

4. feed chickens 喂小鸡

5. talk with 与……谈话 

6. take photos 拍照

7. quite a lot 相当多 

8. show… around 带领……参观

9. learn about 了解 

10. from… to… 从……到……

11. grow strawberries 种植草莓 

12. pick strawberries 采草莓

13. in the countryside 在乡下 

14. go fishing 去钓鱼

15. at night 在夜晚 

16. a lot of 许多；大量

17. come out 出来 

18. go on a school trip 去学校郊游

19. along the way 沿线 

20. after that 之后

21. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 

22. all in all 总的来说

23. take a / the train 乘火车 

24. be interested in 对……感兴趣

25. not… at all 根本不……

 

◆用法集萃 

1. How + be…? + like? ……怎么样？ 

2. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 

3. teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人怎样做某事 

4. quite + a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数 = a + very + 形容+可数名词单数 一个相当 / 很……的......

 

◆典句必背

1. —How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样？

—It was great! 好极了！

 

2. —Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗？

—No, I didn’t. I went to a farm. 不，没有。我去农场了。

 

3. —Did you see any cows? 你看见一些牛奶了吗？

—Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的，我看见了，我看见相当多（的牛奶）

 

4. —Were the strawberries good? 这些草莓是好的吗？

— Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。 / No, they weren’t. 不，它们不是。

 

5. Everything was about robots and I’m not interested in that. 一切都是关于机器人的，我对那方面不感兴趣。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍过去的活动

 

I had a busy weekend. On Saturday morning, I did my homework, and then I played computer games. In the afternoon, I visited my grandmother. We talked for a long time.

 

On Sunday morning, I cleaned my room and did some reading. Then I cooked for m parents. In the afternoon, I watched a football match on TV and listened to music. I had a good time.

 

Unit12 What did you do last weekend?

 

◆短语归纳

1. do my homework 做我的家庭作业 

2. go to cinema 去看电影

3. go boating / camping 去划船 / 去野营 

4. play badminton 打羽毛球

5. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上 

6. work as 以……身份而工作

7. have a good weekend 周末过得愉快 

8. kind of 有点儿

9. stay up late 熬夜 

10. run away 跑开

11. shout at 对……大声叫嚷 

12. fly a kite 放风筝

13. high school 中学 

14. put up 搭起，举起

15. in the countryside 在乡下 

16. get a surprise 吃惊

17. make a fire 生火 

18. each other 互相

19. so… that… 如此……以至于…… 

20. go to sleep 入睡

21. the next morning 第二天早上 

22. look out of…向……外看

23. shout to 冲……呼喊 

24. up and down 上上下下

25. wake…up 把……弄醒 

26. move into… 移进……

27. a swimming pool 一个游泳池

 

◆用法集萃

1. go + doing 去做某事 

2. play + 球类 玩……球 

3. 时间段+ ago ……前 

4. keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语 使……保持……

5. so + 形容词 / 副词+ that 句子 如此……以至于……

6. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

7. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 

8. start to do / doing sth. 开始做某事

 

◆典句必背

1. —What did you do last weekend? 上个周末你做什么了？

—I did my homework. / We went boating. 我做了我的家庭作业。/我们去划船了。

 

2. —Who visited her grandma? 谁看望了她的奶奶？

— Becky did. 贝姬看望了。

 

3. My sister finished high school two weeks ago. 我的姐姐两周前中学毕业了。

 

4. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我是如此疲倦，以至于我很早就睡着了。

 

◆话题写作

 

主题：介绍过去发生的一件事情

 

My friend Li Hua came to visit me on May Day. During the following days I showed him around the city. 

 

We went to the Guangzhou Museum on the morning of May 2. We learned much about the history of Guangzhou. In the afternoon., we climbed the Baiyun Hills. It was really great fun! In the evening. I took Li Hua to the night zoo. It was interesting to see animals at night. The next day, we went to the bookshops to buy books. 

 

Though we were very tired, we enjoyed ourselves very much.

人教版8年级下册

Unti1 what’s the matter?

短语归纳
1.too much 太多                       

2.lie down 躺下  
3.get an X-ray  做个X光检查           

4.take one ’s temperature 量体温  
5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药  

6.have a fever 发烧
7.take breaks /take a break 休息         

8.without thinking twice 没多想
9.get off 下车                         

10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院 
11.wait for等待                       

12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的
13.thanks to多亏于；由于                 

14.in time及时 
15.think about 考虑                    

16.have a heart problem患有心脏病  
17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦         

18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情
19.fall down 摔倒                    

20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上 
21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤        

22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣
23.be used to 习惯于....               

24.take risks/take a risk 挑战
25.lose one’s life 失去生命            

26.because of 因为
27.run out of 用完                   

28.cut off 切除
29.get out of 从...出来                

30.make a decision/decisions 做决定
31.be in control of 掌管；管理         

32.give up 放弃
用法归纳
1.need to do sth .需要去做某事  2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事    4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
5.agree to do sth 同意做某事  6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
7.want to do sth 想要做某事   8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难  10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事
11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事
13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事

语法点
1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法
2.情态动词should的用法
3.不定代词的用法

精细解读
1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？
What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?

2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒    have a fever发烧  have a cough咳嗽
have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼      

have a toothache牙疼                 

have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache    head+ache=headache   tooth+ache=toothache    back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+形容词或副词，意为太...，too much+不可数名词，意为太多...

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。
good enough足够好，enough money足够的钱

6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

8. sound like+名词代词和从句：

It sounds like you don’t know the truth.                 

 It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
   need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
   need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need  washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车

11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点agree with sb。

12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble 陷入困境，

make trouble      制造麻烦  ，have trouble (in) doing 

sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth    做某事有困难  

13. right away=right now=at once，意为   立刻，马上     

                           。
14. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。    人sb. run out of sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事  take a risk=take risks 冒险 

16. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性  We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
 importance   n.  重要（性），  important  adj.重要的，unimportant  adj.不重要的

17. decision  【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision     做决定     

       
18. be in the control of …掌管，管理  The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control无法控制，无法管理   

重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
数         人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself  herself   itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
用在某些固定短语当中。
如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己  
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快   
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.  
hurt oneself摔伤自己   
say to oneself自言自语  
leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下   
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 
introduce oneself 介绍……自己 

【提醒】
1.  反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework.   (正)  I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2.  反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.   
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons.   (正)  I’m drawing with my own crayons.

【练习】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by_________ .
5. Help __________to some beef, boys.
6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.
7. We can finish our homework by_________ .
8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.
9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?
10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on. 

 

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks

短语归纳
1.clean up 打扫干净    

2.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来
3.give out 分发        

4. used to 曾经......；过去........
5.give away 赠送；捐赠 

6.set up 建立；设立
7.make a difference有作为     

8.come up with 想出
9.put off 推迟          

10.put up 张贴
11.call up 打电话给      

12.help out 帮助.....摆脱困难
13.care for 照顾；照看   

14.give up 放弃
15.try out for 参加选拔   

16.come true 实现
17.run out of 用光       

18.take after 与.....相像
19.fix up 修理           

20.be similiar to 与......相似

用法归纳
1.need to do sth 需要做某事     2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事
3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事
4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事   5.decide to do sth 决定做某事
6.help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事 7.make a difference to 对......产生影响
8.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的

拓展链接
动词+副词 短语
cheer up 使高兴起来  clean up 打扫干净  put up 张贴  mix up 修理 
give away 赠送  give out 分发   give up 放弃 use up用光 get up 起床
hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量
set up 建立 set off 出发 look out 小心
动词+介词 短语
look after 照顾    belong to 属于 take after 与....相像 hear from 收到.....来信
hear of 听说 pay for 支付 wait for 等待
动词+副词+介词  短语
get out of 避免  come up with 想出 catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望
go on with 继续
动词+名词  短语
have a rest 休息一下  take a walk 散步  make mistakes 犯错 have a try 试一下
take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定
动词+名词+介词 短语
have a look at  看一看 make a friend with 与.....交朋友pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑
Be+形容词+介词 短语
be late for 迟到   be angry with 生气 be fond of 喜欢 be good at 擅长  
be good for 对...有好处 be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 与......相似
be strict with 对......严格要求  be pound of 骄傲 自豪

语法点
动词不定式归纳
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
决心学会有希望（ decide,learn,wish,hope）
同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）
忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）
准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）
提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）
记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）

习题链接
1.-Tom failed the exam again
 -Sorry to hear that. We should do something to           .
A. cheer him up  B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him
2.The boys volunteer three hours          up the park near their school.
A. cleaning  B. to clean  C. cleaned    D. with cleaning 
3.The woman in red          a teacher.She works in a hospital now.
A. used to be   B. is used to be C.was used to be D.is 
4.The old man lives         ,but he doesn’t feel        .
A. alone;alone  B. lonely;lonely C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely
5.Tina, I have something important          you. 
A.telling   B.tells   C.tell  D.to tell
6.--The old man          all his money to a charity.
A.took away  B.put away C.went away D.gave away
7.We all feel      after hear of the      news.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited

 

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?

短语归纳
1.do the dishes 洗餐具      

2.take out the trash 倒垃圾  

3.at least 至少
4.throw down扔下         

5.all the time 一直；反复
6.in surprise 惊讶地       

7.as soon as 一......就......
8.spend......on......在......花费（时间、金钱、精力）
9. in order to 为了  

10.provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物
11.depend on 依赖；信赖   

12.look after 照顾；照看
13.take care of 照顾  

14.as a result 结果

用法归纳
1.finish doing sth 做完某事             2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
3.try (not) to do sth 尽力（不）做某事   4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.spend......(in) doing sth 花费......做某事
6.mind doing sth 介意做某事            7.learn to do sth 学习做某事
8.learn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事  
9.The +比较级，the+比较级  越......，就越.....

语法点
情态动词could 的用法
表示请求与准许，could 委婉有礼貌；
表示能力会不会，could只把过去表

 

Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents?

短语归纳
1.too much太多（修饰不可数名词）   

2.hang out 闲逛
3.too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数） 

4.get into a fight 争吵
5.call sb up 给某人打电话             

6.talk about 谈论
7.look through 浏览                  

8.give back 归还
9.be angry with sb 生某人的气         

10.a big deal 重要的事情
11.work out 解决；算出               

12.get on with sb 与某人和睦相处
13.communicate with sb 与某人交流    

14.be worried about 担心.....
15.be afraid of 害怕.....                

16.in front of在...前面
17.not... any more 不再...              

18.so much/many 那么多
19.compete with sb 与某人竞争         

20.cut out删除；删去
21.all kinds of 各种各样                

22.compare....with.....比较；对比
23.in one’s opinion 依...看              

24.turn down 调小

用法归纳
1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事        

2.why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？
3.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？      

4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事
5.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事          

6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
7.let sb do sth 让某人做某事               

8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事
9.not....until....直到....才...                  

10.it’s time to do sth 该做某事了
11.it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.....的          

12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事
13.what do you think of...?你认为....怎么样？

语法点
1.Why don’t you+V.......?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语
2.连词until,so that 以及although 引导的状语从句

 

 

Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?

短语归纳
1.wait for 等待                     

2.look for 寻找
3.go off (闹铃）发出声音            

4.take a shower 洗澡
5.pick up 接电话；捡起             

6.make sure 确信；务必
7.have fun 玩的开心                

8.fall asleep入睡；睡觉
9.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失      

10.wake up 醒来；叫醒
11.in a mess 乱七八糟              

12.take photos 照相                
13.turn on 打开                 

14.in silence 沉默地；无声地
15.take down摧毁；拆卸；记下       

16.tell the truth 说实话
17.point out 指出                    

18.go away 消失
19.as well 也      

                 
用法归纳
1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事
2.see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事
3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事
4.try to do sth 努力去做某事
5.have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困难

语法点
过去进行时
过去进行最好记，was/were+doing
特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段
肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前
否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添

 

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

短语归纳
1.work on 从事                    

2.as soon as 一.......就......
3.take...away 拿走，带走            

4.a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法
5.a little bit 一点儿                

6.once upon a time 从前
7.turn...into..变成                  

8.come out出现，出版，结果是     
9.get married 结婚                

10.fall in love with sb 爱上某人     
11.be born 出生                   

12.all over the world全世界        
13.make a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事
14.along the way 沿路              

15.be lost 迷路
16find out 找出                   

17.learn about 了解

用法归纳
1.try to do sth  设法做某事                    

2.finish doing sth 完成做某事
3.continue to do sth 继续做某事                

4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.keep doing sth 一直做某事                   

6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事
7.be able to do能够做某事                    
8.It takes/took.....to do sth 花费...做某事         
9.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事
10.become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣
11.can’t stop doing sth 禁不住做某事
12.hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
13.lead sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处
14.leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地  15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物

语法点
1.unless引导的条件状语从句
2.so...that...引导的结果状语从句
3.as soon as 引导的时间状语从句

 

Unit7 what’s the highest mountain in the world?

短语归纳
1.take in 吸入；吞入               

2.in the face of 面对（问题；困难）
3.at birth 出生时                  

4.as you can see 正如你所看到的
5.as far as I know 据我所知         

6.up to 直到
7.prepare ...for...为...准备...          

8.fall over 摔倒
9.die from 死于......                 

10.cut down 砍倒
11.take care of 照顾；照看           

12.or so 大约；左右
13.in danger 处于危险之中

用法归纳
1.any other+名词单数    其他任何一个......
2.feel free to ask sb sth on ...... 就...随意问某人某事
3.one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数     最....的....之一
4.what’s the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最....的....是什么？
5.protect....from/against....保护....使不受；防御
6.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事
7.teach sb about sth 教某人有关.....内容
8.send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事
9.There be sb/sth doing.....有某人/物正在做某事

语法点
1.数词  hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法
2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法
比较级变化规则
比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er
词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写
辅音字母加y结尾，要把y改i加er

 

Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?

短语归纳
1.be full of 充满                         

2.grow up 长大
3.hurry up赶快                         

4.bring back to sw 带回到某地
5.more than 超过                       

6.in the middle of 在....中间               

7.fight over 为....争吵；争斗              

8. think about 考虑                       

9.come to realize 开始意识到            

10.ever since then 从那时起                

11.a kind of 一种                        

12.such as 例如                           

13.belong to 属于                       

14.find out 找出；查出                     

15.at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候 
16.be famous for 因为...而出名             

17. leave behind 遗忘；留下                  

18.the importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性

用法归纳
1.finish doing sth  完成做某事                 

2.arrive at/in sw 到达某地
3.learn to do sth 学习做某事                   

4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
5.name sb sth 给某人取名为.......                

6.teach sb sth 教某人某事
7.use sth to do 用某物做某事                    

8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事
9.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事            

10.be kind to sb 对某人友好
11.hope to do sth 希望做某事                    

12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事
13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做

语法点
现在完成时

 

Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?

短语归纳
1.have a great time 玩的开心                      

2.put up 搭建；支起
3.in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式            

4.be able to do sth 能够做某事
5.a couple of 少数；几个                          

6. on the other hand 另一方面                        

7.three quarters 四分之三                         

8.whether...or... 不管...还是...
9.wake up 醒来                                  

10.all year round 一年到头，终年 
11.close to 靠近       

                           
用法归纳
1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法    

2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事
3.It’s unbelievable that....很难相信......        

4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲  

6.as...as.. 和...一样    
7.the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间    

8.choose to do sth 选择做某事
9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事    

语法点
现在完成时
区分：have been to 和have gone to

 

Unit10 I’v had this bike for three years

短语归纳
1.h0w long 多长，多长时间                   

2.not.....anymore 不再....
3.welcome to ...欢迎到....                      

4.check out 察看
5.at first 起初                              

6. no longer 不再；不复                      

7..as for ...至于....                           

8..to be honest 说实在的
9.search for 寻找                           

10.across from 在.....对面
11.according to依据；按照                   

12.in one’s opinion 依...看
13.in order to 为了

用法归纳
1.It’s+adj（+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说）做某事是......
2.decide to do sth 决定做某事 
3.have been in+地点 在某处待了多久
5.hope to do sth 希望做某事
7.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数  最....的...之一是....
8.used to do sth 过去常常做某事   
9.need to do sth 需要做某事

语法点
现在完成时
1.since 和for 引导状语的区别
2.延续性动词和瞬间动词
瞬间动词转为为延续动词表
borrow-keep   buy-have  catch a cold-have a cold   put on-wear  get to know-know 
get to sleep-sleep  begin/start-be on  go out-be out  get to /arrive/reach-be(in)
die-be dead   open-be open  leave-be away  finish-be over  fall ill-be ill
join-be in/be a member of  fall asleep-be asleep  make friends-be friends  
Come/go-be+相应的介词 close-be close  go to bed-be in bed  get up-be up

 

 

第一单元

 

 

Unit1《 How can we become good learners?》知识点

　　【短语归纳】

1. have conversation with sb.  同某人谈话

2. too…to…  太……而不能

3. the secret to…  ……的秘诀

4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth.  害怕做某事

5. look up  查阅

6. repeat out loud  大声跟读

7. make mistakes in  在……方面犯错误

8. connect ……with…   把……和……连接/联系起来

9. get bored  感到厌烦

10. be stressed out  焦虑不安的

11. pay attention to  注意；关注

12. depend on  取决于；依靠

13. the ability to do sth..  做某事的能力

　　【单元知识点】

1. by + doing ：通过……方式   （by是介词，后面要跟动名词，也就是动词的ing形式）

2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论

The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。

talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话

3. 提建议的句子：

①What/ how about +doing sth.?  做…怎么样？（about后面要用动词的ing形式，这一点考试考的比较多）

　　如：What/ How about going shopping?

②Why don't you + do sth.?   你为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型）

　　如：Why don't you go shopping?

③Why not + do sth. ?   为什么不做…？（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型）

　　如：Why not go shopping?

④Let's + do sth.    让我们做…吧。（注意加黑的部分用的是动词的原型）

　　如： Let's go shopping

⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?  我们/我…好吗？

　　如：Shall we/ I go shopping?

4. a lot 许多 ,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot.  我吃了许多。

5. too…to :太…而不能

           常用的句型：too+形容词/副词+ to do sth.

　　如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。

6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。

①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。

②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。

　　如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。

③loudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。

　　如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。

7. not …at all 一点也不，根本不

　　如：I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。

not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾

8. be / get excited about sth.  对…感兴奋

9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事

　　如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。

② end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with）

　　如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。

10. first of all 首先（这个短语可用在作文中，使得文章有层次）

11.  also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间

either 也（用于否定句）常在句末

too  也 （用于肯定句）常在句末  （它们三个的区分要清楚，尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的位置）

12. make mistakes 犯错     如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。

make a mistake 犯一个错误    如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。

13. laugh at sb.  笑话；取笑（某人）（常见短语）

　　如：Don't laugh at me!  不要取笑我！

14. take notes 做笔记，做记录

15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…  乐意做…（我不得不说，这是一个非常重要的考点…）    如：

She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。

enjoy oneself  过得愉快    如：

He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。

16. native speaker 说本族语的人

17. make up 组成、构成

18. one of +（the+ 形容词最高级）+名词复数形式 : …其中之一（这一题主要考两点，一是最高级，一是名词复数，大家做题的时候要小心）

　　如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。

19. It's +形容词+（for sb. ） to do sth :（对于某人来说）做某事…

　　如：It's difficult （for me ） to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。

　　句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English

20. practice doing 练习做某事   如：（practice后面接动名词，这一点有可能考到）

She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。

21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事（重要考点，大家需要记住decide后面跟的是不定时，也就是to do）   如：

LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。

22. unless 假如不，除非 :引导条件状语从句

　　如：You will fail unless you work hard .假如你不努力你会失败。

23. deal with 处理    如：I dealt with a lot of problem.

24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事

　　如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。

25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气

26. perhaps = maybe 也许

27. go by （时间） 过去 .     如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。

28.  see sb / sth doing 看见某人正在做某事（如果是看到正在做什么，要用动词ing形式，考的较多的也是动词ing形式）

see sb / sth do 看见某人在做某事

　　如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。

29.each other 彼此

30.regard… as … :把…看作为…      如：

The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。

31.too many :许多，修饰可数名词    如：too many girls

too much :许多，修饰不可数名词    如：too much milk（要区分too many 和 too much只要记住他们修饰什么词就可以了）

much too :太，修饰形容词    如：much too beautiful（too much和much too意思不同，大家不要混淆它们的意思，这种单词容易出解析题）

32.change… into… 将…变为…

33. with the help of sb. == with one's help  在某人的帮助下（注意介词of和with，容易出题）

　　如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下

34. compare … to … : 把…与…相比（另外，大家要注意另一个短语，compare with，这也是一个重要的短语，意思是：拿…和…比较）

35. instead 代替 用在句末，副词（我曾经遇到过instead放在句尾的题目，大家要关注一下这个考点）

instead of sth / doing sth:代替，而不是 （这个地方考的较多的就是instead of doing sth，也是就说如果of后面跟动词，要用动名词形式，也就是动词的ing形式）

　　如：I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。

 

　　

第二单元

 

 

九年级英语Unit2《I think that moon cakes are delicious!》知识点

　【短语归纳】

1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节              

2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

3. the Water Festival 泼水节

4. be fun to watch 看着很有意思

5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐

6. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅

7. in two weeks 两星期之后

8. be similar to... 与.......相似

17. end up最终成为;最后处于

18. share sth. with sb. 与……分享……  

19. as a result结果

20. one,. . the other...

(两者中的)一个……另一个……

21. take sb. out for dinner 带某人出去吃饭

22. dress up 乔装打扮

23. haunted house 鬼屋

31. call out  大声呼喊                 

32. remind sb. of  使某人想起

33. sound like  听起来像　　

34. treat sb. with. 用/以……对待某人

35. the beginning of new life 新生命的开始

 

【重点句子】

1. I think that they’ re fun to watch.  我认为它们看着很有意思。

2. What do you like about… ?

What do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival?  关于端午节，你最喜欢什么？

3. What a great day!  多么美好的一天！

4 .1 wonder if…

I wonder if it’s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.  我想知道它是否与云南傣族的泼水节相似。

5. How+adj. /adv. + 主 + 谓！

How fantastic the dragon boat teams were!  龙舟队多棒啊！　　

6. What do/does+sb. + think of sth. ?

What does Wu Yu think of this festival?  吴宇觉得这个节日怎么样？

　　【单元知识点】

1. What + a(n) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语+其他）！ 

  多么……的……!

2. How + 形容词/副词（+主语+谓语+其他）！  

 ……多么……!

3. be going to    ……将要/打算……

 4. in + 时间段         在……后

5. give sb. sth.  给某人某物；把某物给某人

6. plan to do sth.   计划做某事

7. refuse to do sth.  拒绝做某事

8. one of + 名词复数形式……之一

　　　　【语法归纳】

　　一、宾语从句

　　宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。三大考点：引导词、时态和语序。

①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语　构成

　　常由下面的一些词引导：

② 由that 引导  表示陈述意义 that 可省略

He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。

③ 由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)

I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

④ 由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义

Do you know what he wants to buy?  你知道他想要买什么吗？

⑤ 从句时态要与主句一致

　　当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态

　　当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)

He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。

I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。

She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.

　　她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？

　　二、感叹句

　　感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。

　　感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：

　　由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：

1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！

What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！

2. 可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！

What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！

3. 可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！

What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！

　　由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：

1. 可用句型：“ How ＋形容词 / 副词（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！        How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！

2. 可用句型：“ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数（＋主语＋谓语）！”。如：

How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！

3. 可用句型：“ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如：

How time flies! 光阴似箭！

　　由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：

How beautiful a girl she is! ＝ What a beautiful girl she is!

What delicious cakes these are! ＝ How delicious these cakes are!

 

　　

第三单元

 

 

九年级英语Unit3《Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?》知识点

【必记单词】

stamp  n. 邮票                     

rush v.&n. 仓促；急促

suggest v. 建议；提议                                        

mail v. 邮寄   n. 邮件；信件

convenient adj. 便利的；方便的                                  

　　【短语归纳】

1. used to 过去常常                   

2. be afraid of 害怕

3. From time to time 时常；有时

4. turn red 变红

5. take up 开始做

6. deal with 对付；应付

7. not…anymore 不再

8. tons of attention 很多关注

9. worry about 担心

10. be careful 当心

11. hang out 闲逛

12. give up 放弃

13. thank about 考虑

14. a very small number of… 极少数的……

15. be alone 独处

16. give a speech 做演讲

 

【单元知识点】

1.宾语从句；宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

①构成：连接词+ 主语+ 谓语

　　常由下面的一些连接词引导：

②由that 引导，表示陈述意义，另外that可省略

He says （that） he is at home. 他说他在家里。

③由if , whether 引导，表示一般疑问意义（带有是否、已否等意思）

I don't know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

④由连接代词、连接副词（疑问词）引导，表示特殊疑问意义

Do you know what he wants to buy?  你知道他想要买什么吗？

⑤从句时态要与主句一致；当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态（这一点要注意，好好看下下面的例子）

He says （that ） he is at home.  他说他在家里。

She wants to know if I have finished my homework.  她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

　　当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）（重要）

He said （that） he was at home.  他说他在家里。

She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.  她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

2. get  v.  得到、买、到达

3. make a telephone call 打电话

4. save money 省钱、存钱

5. ①问路常用的句子：

Do you know where is … ?

Can you tell me how can I get to …？

Could you tell me how to get to …？

②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.  表示十分客气地询问事情

③Could you tell me how to get to the park?  请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？

　　上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句（这一点要搞清楚，它不是宾语从句），相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）

I don't know how to solve the problem ==I don't know how I can solve the problem.  我不知道如何解决这个问题

Can you tell me when to leave? ==Can you tell me when I will leave?   你能告诉我什么时候离开？

6. 日常交际用语：

take the elevator / escalator to the … floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼

turn left / right == take a left / right  向左/ 右转

go straight  向前直走（straight这个词经常考）

7. next to 旁边、紧接着（常见短语）

Lily is next to Ann.  莉莉就在安的旁边。

8. between … and… 在…和…之间（重中之重...）

Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。

9. decide to do 决定做…（重点用法，记着decide后面要用不定式to do）

She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。

make a decision  做个决定(常见短语)

10. Is that a good place to hang out?  那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？

　　上面句子中的to hang out修饰前面的名词place,是不定式作定语。

　　如 There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。句子中的to eat修饰代词something,作定语。

11. kind of +adj/adv. 译为“有点、一点”（常见短语）

She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。

12. expensive 贵的    反义词     inexpensive 不贵的

13. crowded 拥挤的 （这个有时候会考）    反义词    uncrowded 不拥挤的

14. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假

15.  dress up 打扮     dress up as 打扮成

He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。

16. on the beach  在海滩上，介词用 on

17. politely adv. 有礼貌地       polite adj. 有礼貌的

18. depend on  :根据、依靠、依赖、决定于

Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。

That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。

19. prefer 动词，更喜欢、宁愿。 常用的结构有：

prefer sth. 更喜欢某事      I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。

prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事       I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。

prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢…         I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。

prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着

prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。（我再次强调一下，prefer的用法真的很重要，这不是开玩笑~）

20. on the other hand  另一方面（一方面：on one hand. 对于这样的短语大家完全可以放在作文中，这样可以使文章增色不少）

21. 把…借给某人：lend sb. sth. ==  lend sth to sb.（反义词：borrow..from..）

Lily lent me her book == Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的书借给了我。

22. such as  例如

23. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。

24. in a way 在某种程度说

25. in order to  为了…， 表目的。

He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。

26. 同级比较：as…as

①as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as , 表示“和…一样的…”“…和…一样的…”

He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。

 

　　

第四单元（向上滚动浏览本单元↑↑）

 

 

九年级英语Unit4 《I used to be afraid of the dark.》知识点

【短语归纳】

1. be more interested in  对…更感兴趣.   

2. on the swim team  游泳队的队员.

3. be terrified of  害怕.

4. gym class  体操课.

5. worry about   担心.

6. all the time  一直, 总是

7. chat with  与…闲聊

8. hardly ever  几乎从不

9. walk to school =

go to school on foot  步行去上学

 take the bus to school =

 go to school by bus  乘车去上学

10. as well as  不仅…而且

【重点句子】

1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去常常前害怕黑暗.

2.I  go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.

3. I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.

4. I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.

5. My lif e has changed a lot in the last few years.

6. It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.

7. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.

　　【单元知识点】

1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 (这个知识点考的很多，大家要注意这个短语的意思，还要记着used后面用的是不定式to do)

　　如：He used to play football after school.  放学后他过去常常踢足球。　　2.反意疑问句 （反义疑问句遵循这样一个原则，前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定）　　①肯定陈述句+否定提问     如：Lily is a student, isn't she?

②否定陈述句+肯定提问     如：She doesn't come from China, does she?

③提问部分用代词而不用名词     如：Lily is a student, isn't she?

④陈述句中含有否定意义的词， 如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等，其反意疑问句用肯定式（对于第四点大家不要忽视，尤其是列举的这几个词，出题的时候经常遇到，对于下面的两个例子大家要仔细看一下，要把这个知识点彻底搞懂）。  如：

He knows little English, does he?  他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？

They hardly understood it, did they?  他们几乎不明白，不是吗？

3. play the piano  弹钢琴（play后面如果跟乐器，大家记住，中间要加the）

4. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣

②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣(对于这两个用法大家一定要掌握，切记切记)

　　如：He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。

5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人

interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物（对于interested和interesting要区分清楚，一个主语往往使人，一个主语往往是物）

6. still 仍然，还     如：I'm still a student.

7. dark 天黑

8. be terrified of sth. 害怕……      如：I am terrified of the dog.

   be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做……       如：I am terrified of speaking.

9. on 副词，其反义词off

10. walk to somewhere ：步行到某处

11. spend  动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”（spend和pay for它们的主语都是人，这一点大家要清楚）

①spend…on sth.  在某事上花费（金钱、时间）（重要考点）

②spend…doing sth.  花费（金钱、时间）去做某事 （重要考点，尤其要注意动名词，也就是动词的ing形式，很容易出现在选择题中）        如：

He spends too much time on clothes.   他花费太多的时间在衣着

He spend 3 months building the bridge.  他花费了三个月去建这座桥。

Pay for :花费      如：I pay 10 yuan for the book.  我花了10元买这本书。

12. take : 动词 ,有“花费”的意思，常用的结构有：

take sb. … to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做什么事（在这个用法中，主语经常是it，这一点要清楚，大家仔细看一下下面的例子）。   如：It takes me a day to read the book.

13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊       如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。

14. worry about sb./ sth.  担心某人/某事（重要考点，大多考它的意思） , worry 是动词

be worried about sb./sth.  担心某人/某事 , worried 是形容词

　　如：Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。

Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。

15. all the time 一直、始终

16. take sb. to + 地方：送/带某人去某个地方     如：

A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。

17.  hardly  adv. 几乎不、没有。 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前，

　　助动词/情态动词+hardly  ;  hardly + 实义动词       如：

I can hardly understand them.  我几乎不能够明白他们。

I hardly have time to do it.  我几乎没有时间去做了。

18. miss  v.  思念、想念、错过

19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内，常与完成时连用   如：

I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。

20. be different from 与…不同（常见考点，考的最多的是它的意思，大家只需要记住它的意思，做题的时候具体问题再具体分析即可）

21. how to swim ：怎样游泳

　　不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。  如：

The question is when to start.  问题是什么时候开始。

I don't know where to go.  我不知道去哪。

22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词     make you happy

make sb./ sth. + 动词原形     make him laugh

23. move to +地方：搬到某地       如：I moved to Beijing last year.

24. it seems that +从句 看起来好像……  （重要考点）      如：

It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。

25.  help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人（注意介词with，在某方面帮助要用这个介词）

help sb. （to ） do sth. 帮某人做某事（to经常省略）

She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。

She helped me （to） study English. 她帮助我学习英语。

26. fifteen-year-old :作形容词 ,15岁的。（有一点要提醒大家，中间的year用的是单数）

fifteen years old 指年龄， 15岁。   如：

a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩

27. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起……

can't afford sth. 支付不起…

　　如：I can't afford to buy the car.

I can't afford the car.  我买不起这个辆小车。

28. as + 形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can  尽某人的…能力      如：

Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。

29. get into trouble with  遇到麻烦

30. in the end  最后

31. make a decision ：下决定，下决心

32. to one's surprise ：令某人惊讶（往往出现在完型中，让我们填surprise）     

 如   to their surprise 令他们惊讶      to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶

33. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪     如：

His father always take pride in him.  他的爸爸总是以他而自豪

34. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心      如：

You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。

35. be able to do sth. 能做某事      如：

She is able to do it. 她能够做到。

36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 （注意up后面用的是动词的什么形式）     如：

My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。

37.不再  ①no more =no longer      如：

I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。

②not …any more = not …any longer      如：

I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球。

38. go to sleep 入睡

 

　　

第五单元

 

 

九年级英语Unit5《What are the shirts made of?》知识点

　　【短语归纳】

1. be made of 由……制造       

2. be made in 在……制造

3. environmental protection 环境保护

4. be famous for 以……而著名

5. be produced in 在……生产

6. be known for 以……闻名

7. as far as I know 据我所知

8. pick by hand 手工采摘

9. send for 发送

10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事

11. everyday things 日用品

 

　【重点句子】

1. What are the shirts made of? 衬衫是由什么制成的？

2. It was made in Thailand.  它是在泰国制造的。

3. No matter what you made buy,you might think those products were made in those countries.

　　无论你买什么，你会认为那些产品是在那些国家制造的。

4. The international kite festival is held in April every year.  国际风筝节是在每年的四月举行。 5. Laura didn’t know that kite flying could be so exciting.  劳拉不知道放飞风筝可能会如此令人兴奋。

　　【单元知识点】

1. made of  由……制（构）成，后接构成某物质的原料。

　　例：This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。

be made of/from/up of的区别

　　（1） be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么 保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。

　　例：The kite is made of paper．风筝是用纸做的。

　　（2） be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。

　　例：The paper is made from wood．纸是木头做的。

Butter is made from milk．黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。

　　（3） be made up of 用……构成或组成的，指人、物皆可，指结构成分。

　　例：Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。

2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.

　　好像全世界的许多人都在喝中国茶。

　　句型“It seems that…”意为“看起来好像/似乎……”，其中seem是连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主语，不能用其他代词来替代。

　　例：It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。

seem的几种常见结构：

　　（1）seem to do sth此句型可与“It seems that…”转换。

　　例：They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.

　　他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。

　　（2）seem+形容词

　　例：My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的体温看上去正常了。

　　（3）seem+名词

　　例： That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不错。

3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.

            当茶叶成熟时，就被用手工采摘然后送到工厂加工。

　　此句是由when 引导的时间状语从句，are picked, are sent都是一般现在时的被动结构。

　　例：When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the mark for sale.

　　当这些水果成熟后就被摘下来并送到市场上卖掉。

4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.

          无论你买什么，你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家生产的。

　　此句为由no matter +特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。意为“无论….”，相当于whatever。

　　例：No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me.

　　无论我对她说什么，她仍然不相信我。

5. find out, 查出，找到。指有目的，经过一定努力才找到。

　　例：The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.

　　警察正在查找这个男孩是从哪下的火车。

find, find out与look for  find，find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。

① find意为“找到、发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。【例句】   Will you find mea pen? 你替我找支钢笔好吗？ He didn’t find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。  ② look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。

　　例：I don’t find my pen，I’m looking for it everywhere.  我没有找到我的钢笔，我正到处找。  He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。

③ find out意为“找出、发现、查明”，多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。例：Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。  Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.

　　【语法归纳】

一般现在时态的被动结构及用法

　　一、概念理解

1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。

　　如：He often helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。

1. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

① 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。

　　如： The tall boy often hits his classmates （主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）。

② 主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成 如： Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。

3 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。

　　如：  ① He is looking after his sister at home. （此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构）

② He is being looked after well by his parents. （此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）

　　说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。

　　二、被动语态最基本的句型结构： be +及物动词过去分词

　说明：①、be 有时态，人称和数的变化。

②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。

　　三、被动语态的使用

1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。    “Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。如：The cup was broken by Paul.

3. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。

　　如：These cars were made in China.

　　四、主动语态变被动语态的变法： 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。

　　五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +done

　　如： Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。

o-spacerun:'yes';font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:12.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;" >He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。

 

　　

第六单元

 

 

九年级英语Unit6《When was it invented ?》知识点

                            

    【短语归纳】

    1. by accident  偶然地；意外地

    2. without doubt  毫无疑问的；的确

    3. by mistake  错误地；无意中

    4. look up to  钦佩；仰慕

    5. take place  发生；出现

    6. all of a sudden  突然；猛地

    7. divide…into…  把……分开

    8. the Olympics  奥林匹克运动会

    9. the style of  ……的样式

    10. be used for  被用于……

      【单元知识点】

1. invent v. 发明        inventor n. 发明家       invention n. 发明，可数名词

2. be used for doing ，用来做…（是被动语态）（这个短语的考点有两点，一是used for的意思，二是for后面用动名词）

    Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。

    3. 给某人某样东西  give sth. to sb.     I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。   

                       give sb. sth.      I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。

    4. all day 整天

    5. salty  adj. 咸的  salt  n. 盐

    6. by mistake 错误地（犯错是：make mistake，这些常见的短语大家务必要掌握）

    I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。

    7. make sb./sth+形容词：使…怎么样         It made me happy. 它使我高兴

    make sb./sth+名词：让…做…       It made me laugh. 它让我发笑

    8. by accident 意外，偶然（常见短语，考的最多的是它的意思）

    I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。

    9. not…until… 直到…才…（重中之重，这个用法非常重要！经常出现在选择题中）

    I didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。

    10. according to +名词：根据…   according to this article根据这篇文章    

11. over an open fire 野饮

    12. leaf  n. 叶子   复数形式 leaves

    13. nearby adj. 附近的

    14. fall into 落入，掉进        The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。

    fall down 摔倒        She fell down from her bike. 她从她自行车摔倒了。

    15. quite 非常 adv.  与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面

    quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩

    16. in the way 这样

    17. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快

    pleasant adj. 愉快，高兴。指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快

    please v. 使高兴，使同意

    18. battery-operated  adj. 电池控制的，是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词

    19. in the sixth century 在第6世纪

    20. travel around 周游

    21. more than == over 超过（相比较，more than更重要）

    more than 300 == over 300:超过300

    22. including  . 包括。 可以与名词和动名词连用

    Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。

    23. have been played 被上演 ,是现在完成时的被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been +过去分词。

    24. be born 出生 （常见短语）    He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生

    25. safety n. 安全     safe adj. 安全的

    26. knock into 撞上（某人）

    27. divide sth. into … ,将…划分成，通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分

    Let's divide ourselves into 4groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。

    28. since then 自从那以后。常与完成时态连用

    Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。

  【语法归纳】

     被动语态

    （1）被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。

    （2）被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词（如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词）

    （3）被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。

    一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词

    一般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词

    与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词（关于被动语态，大家一定要熟悉，这个在中考的时候属于是必考内容，而且是重点内容）

    （4）被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思，如何理解被动语态？

    为了更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。

    主动语态： 主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分

    被动语态： 主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语+其他成分

    如：Many people  speak  English.

    被动语态 :English is spoken by many people.

 

　　

第七单元

 

 

九年级英语Unit7《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.》知识点

【短语归纳】

    1. be allowed to do sth. 被允许干……

       allow sb. to do sth.  允许某人干……

      allow doing sth. 允许干……

    2. sixteen-year-olds =

sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子

 

 

 

 

 

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