「高中英语考点高频核心词汇」adopt—aim

21. adopt /ə'dɒpt/

v. 采纳；收养

拓展

adopt a suggestion/view/way 采纳建议/观点/方法

adopt a child/dog 收养孩子/狗

adoption n. 采纳；收养

adoptive a. 采用的; 有收养关系的

adopted a. 被收养的

an ~ son 养子

例句

①The aged couple adopted an deserted baby.

那对老夫妇收养了一个弃婴。

②She treated her adopted son as if he were her own child.

她对待养子好像他是自己的孩子一样。

③If you can not have children of your own, why not consider adoption (adopt)?

假如你自己不能生育，何不考虑收养一个呢？

串记

The old man adopted the suggestion sending his adopted daughter to college.

老人采纳了送他的养女上大学的建议。

22. advance /əd'vɑːns/

v. & n. 推/前/促进；进展/步；提前；预付；

a. 预先的

拓展

in advance 预先，事先，在前面

in advance of在……之前，优于，比……进步，超过‘

make advances 取得进步/进展

advance on (upon)更向前进，朝……前进

advance to 使晋升到…,使提前到…

advanced a. 先进的；高级的；高深的

advancement n. 前进，进步；提升

例句

1）We advanced on the enemy's position under the cover of darkness.

我们在夜幕掩护下攻击了敌人的阵地。

2）Because of reform and opening, China's industrial technology is advancing to ever-higher levels.

由于改革开放,中国的工业技术正向着越来越高的水平发展。

3）We must acquire advanced science and technology.

我们一定要把先进的科学技术学到手。

辨析

advance指具体的人或物，也指科学、运动、知识等前进、进步，强调进步的程度；

progress指经常的、持续的或稳定的前进、进步，常用于抽象事物。

23. advantage /əd'vɑːntɪdʒ/

a. 优势；有利条件；优点 (反disadvantage )

拓展

be of advantage to 有利于

have(get，gain)an advantage over 优(越)于，比……优越

take advantage of 利用，占……便宜；趁……之机

to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb.对某人有利

have the advantage of (doing) sth.有(做)……的有利条件

例句

①Take full advantage of this opportunity to perform and you will have an advantage over your rivals in the performance.

充分利用这次表演的机会，你就会在表演方面胜过你的对手。

②It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.

学习某种计算机课程可能会对你有利。

③Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.

男人在找工作时通常比女人有优势。

串记

We have an advantage of resource over Japan. Now the situation is to our advantage. We must take advantage of the advantage to make advances.

我们对日本有资源优势。现在形势对我们有利。我们必须利用这个优势取得进步。

24. advise /əd'vaɪz/

vt. 忠告，劝告，建议

拓展

advise doing sth. 建议做某事

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

advise sb．of sth．把一报告(通知)某人

advise that … (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事

advise with sb．on(about)sth．同某人商量某事

advice [U] 建议；忠告

give advice on 就/关于……给予忠告

follow/take/adopt advice 遵循/采纳建议

例句

①He gave us some advice on how to improve my English.

他就如何提高我的英语水平给了我一些忠告。

②The chief physician advised with the patient's husband on the operation．

主治医生就手术问题与病人丈夫商量。

③I will keep you advised of the state of the market．

我随时向你报告市场行情。

④I advise you to reconsider your decision．

我建议你重新考虑你的决定。

串讲

My adviser advised the boss should adopt the doctor’s advice.

我的顾问建议老板采纳医生的建议。

辨析

advise后面可以接sb. to do sth. 名词advice不可数；

suggest不可以接sb. to do sth.；名词suggestion可数。

25. affect /ə'fekt/

vt. 影响(同influence)；感染(同infect)；

vi. 喜爱

拓展

affection n. 喜爱，爱慕；感/爱情(常复)→affectionate a. 深情的

effect n. 影响；效果，作用 →effective a. 有效果的

have an effect on 对……有影响

greenhouse effect 温室效应

side effect 副作用

in effect 实际上，生效

bring/put …into effect 使生效

take effect 生效起作用

come into effect 开始生效/实施

例句

No one can change you; others can only affect you.

没有人能改变你，别人只能影响你。

串记

Your affections for her may affect her study. Though love is a rich great affection, it has a bad effect on an immature teen.

你对她的感情会影响她的学习。虽然爱情是丰富伟大的感情，但是对不成熟的少年有不好的影响。

辨析

influence，affect，effect都有"影响”意思。

influence通常指通过劝说、行动或树立榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的作用

affect指足够能引起反应或引出相应反响的刺激因素，着重指使事物受到不良的影响或指一个人的感情受到某种影响

effect着重指产生或造成的结果、效果、效力、影响和作用等。

后两词均可接on。

表示“影响”时influence和affect可作及物动词或名词，而effect只作名词。

Reading in bed has affected his eye sight．

在床上读书影响了他的视力。

Influenced by a high school biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine．

他受一位中学生物教师的影响，开始学习医学。

26. afford /ə'fɔːd/

vt. 负担得起（……的费用）；承担得起(时间、后果等)；抽得出（时间）；提供

拓展

(1) afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事(的费用)

afford sb. sth. ＝ afford sth. to sb.

给予某人某物；提供给某人某物

(2) affordable adj. 能承担得起的

affordably adv. 付得起地

例句

①The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.

房子的价格涨了上去，本地区的人在那儿都买不起房子了。

②Television and the Internet afford many people much pleasure.＝Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.

电视和网络给许多人带来很大的乐趣。

③Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy affordably priced bikes.

那些贫穷的青少年兴奋地发现在拐角处有一家商店，在那里他们可以买到价格实惠的自行车。

点津

afford意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与can, could, be able to连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。

串记

The work will afford me a chance of promotion and lots of money. I can afford tomake a trip abroad, but I can’t afford the time.这个工作将会为我提供晋升的机会以及大量金钱。我有钱出国度假，但是抽不出时间。

27. afraid /ə'freɪd/

a. 害怕的(同scared)；担心

拓展

be afraid of 害怕 (同fear)

be afraid of doing sth. 担心/害怕发生某事

be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事

be afraid (that) 从句担心某事

I’m afraid. 恐怕(同fear)；遗憾

例句

All people like to be successful but afraid of failure.

所有的人都喜欢成功，但是却害怕失败。

串记

I am afraid of strangers. I’m afraid to go out in the daytime. I’m afraid of meetingnew people because I’m afraid (that) they will laugh at me.

我怕陌生人。我不敢白天出去。我担心遇到生人，怕他们嘲笑我。

28. against /ə'genst; ə'geɪnst/

prep. 对着，反对(反for)；违背；对抗；防备；依靠，对着；以……为背景；衬托

拓展

be/go against 违反；反对

argue/fight/compete against 与……争执/战斗/竞争

protest …against 保护……防备……

against one’s wishes/will 违背某人的意愿

例句

No matter what we do, we should at no time go against nature.

无论我们做什么，我们都决不能违背自然规律。

串记

Because he fought against his desk mate, which went against the rules. The teacher told him to stand against the wall. Of course,it was against his wishes.

因为他跟同桌打架违反了规定。老师叫他靠墙站着，当然他不情愿。

29. agree /ə'griː/

v. 同意；应允(反disagree)

拓展

agree with 同意（观点、看法）；一致；（食物、气候等）适应（某人）

agree to 同意（计划、决定、安排等）

agree on（在某事上）达成一致

agree to do sth. 同意做某事

agreeable a．令人愉快的;适合的；易相处的

agreement n．同意；一致;协定，协议(书)

arrive at(come to)an agreement 达成协议

in agreement with 与……一致，按照，符合

make an agreement with 与……达成协议

例句

①We agree with what you say．

我们同意你所说的意见。

②They agreed on a date for the next meeting.

他们就下次会议的日期达成了协议。

③We agree to their proposal．

我们同意了他们的建议。

④This bill doesn't agree with my calculations．

这份账单跟我的计算结果不一致。

⑤The climate here does not agree with me．

这里的气候对我不适合。

串记

Though I disagree with some items in the agreement, I will agree to sign it. After all, you’re an agreeable boss.

虽然我不同意协议中的一些条款，但我同意签署。毕竟，你是个和蔼可亲的老板。

30. aim /eɪm/

n. 目的(同purpose)；目标(同goal)；

v. 计划，打算(同plan)；瞄准；针对

拓展

(1)take aim at ...　瞄准……；对准……

with the aim of ... 目的是……

achieve one's aim 达到某人的目标

(2)aim at/be aimed at (doing) sth.

瞄准，对准；旨在(做)某事

aim to do sth. 目标是做某事

(3)aimless adj. 漫无目的的

aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地

例句

①I'm aiming to lose 4 kilograms before the summer holidays.

我的目标是暑假前体重减轻四公斤。

②Don't argue aimlessly. Let's sit down and talk things over.

别漫无边际地争论了，我们坐下来讨论一下吧。

③Aimed at improving the level of English, English Corner is held once a week.

为了提高英语水平，英语角每周举办一次。

串记

While at high school, Bill aimed high, when he entered college, he led an aimless life. Joining in a project which is aimed at helping those lost aim, he aimed to change hislife.

比尔上高中时目标很高，当他上大学时，他过着没有目标的生活。参加一个旨在帮助那些失去目标的人的项目，他的目标是改变他的生活。