2020-2021学年高二英语期中模拟冲刺试卷含答案（二）

一、阅读理解

（2020. 内蒙古通辽市高二期中）Are you familiar with the greeting, "Can I add you on WeChat?" It seems like every time we meet new friends or colleagues nowadays, the first thing that springs to mind is adding each other on the app. Nevertheless, more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages, according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent (腾讯). In other words, WeChat can overwhelm (使应接不暇) us, while also breaking down the boundaries between our work and private lives.

Just think how easy it is now for bosses to hand out assignments during the holiday, so long as they have your WeChat contact. When you're at the cinema enjoying a romantic movie or having a barbecue in the backyard, you can never cut yourself off from the outside world unless you switch off your phone. Not to post something in WeChat Moments before replying to your boss first!

Apart from interrupting your leisure time, WeChat can also reduce your productivity at work. For many office workers, logging in to WeChat on their computers at the start of the day has become routine. But what if browsing the Moments distracts us from doing the work? The app steals our time without us even noticing it, making us have the false belief that we are busy all the time.

And as if that weren't bad enough, there're the "one-off" friends who take up space on our WeChat friend list. A handy way to check how many one-off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them. Sometimes, you only sent the initial friend requests so you could invite them to a WeChat group or inform them of something for your boss. Yet still, as your friend count (好友数量) ever goes up, it can make you feel the need to post selfies (自拍) and share details of your life in your Moments, just so you can stay up to date.

With WeChat, all our spare time is swallowed up by the constant torrent of messages and our attention keeps getting diverted by Moments and pop-up ads. So it's time that we should do something to nip this problem in the bud.

1. What is most of WeChat users' reaction when receiving a mass of messages?

A. They are quite upset. B. They think it's unavoidable.

C. They break down. D. They complain about Tencent.

2. Which of the following may make your boss angry according to Paragraph 2?

A. Enjoying a movie at the weekend.

B. Posting something in WeChat Moments.

C. Having a barbecue on vacation.

D. Ignoring the assignment he handed out when seeing it.

3. How can we decide who is the one-off friend on our WeChat friend list?

A. By checking if you sent the initial friend request.

B. By seeing if your boss asked you to inform him of something.

C. By having a look at your chat record.

D. By counting the number of your friends on the list.

4. What can be a suitable title for this text?

A. Is WeChat becoming a necessity in our life?

B. Are WeChat friend requests ruining your life?

C. Does your boss want to be your WeChat friend?

D. Is it better to have more WeChat friends?

【答案】

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，微信与我们的日常生活有着非常紧密的联系，探讨了微信带来的不利影响，启发读者思考应如何对待微信。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。由第一段中的"Nevertheless, more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages, according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent ."（然而，据微信应用开发商腾讯最近的一项研究显示，超过80%的微信用户在收到大量信息时感到压力或焦虑。），可知微信用户在收到大量信息时感到很不安。故选A项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。由第二段中的"Just think how easy it is now for bosses to hand out assignments during the holiday, so long as they have your WeChat contact."（想想看，现在老板们在假期里分发任务是多么容易，只要他们有你的微信联系人。）和"When you're at the cinema enjoying a romantic movie or having a barbecue in the backyard, you can never cut yourself off from the outside world unless you switch off your phone. Not to post something in WeChat Moments before replying to your boss first!"（当你在电影院欣赏浪漫电影或在后院烧烤时，除非你关掉手机，否则你永远无法与外界隔绝。在回复老板之前，不要发朋友圈！），可推断出看到老板分发的任务不理会（还发朋友圈），会让你的老板生气。故选D项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的"A handy way to check how many one-off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them."（一个检查你有多少一次性朋友的简便方法是查看一下你和他们的聊天记录。），可知看看你的聊天记录就可以查询谁是你的一次性朋友。故选C项。

【4题详解】

主旨大意题。由第一段尾句"In other words, WeChat can overwhelm (使应接不暇) us, while also breaking down the boundaries between our work and private lives."（换句话说，微信可以让我们应接不暇，同时也打破了我们工作和私人生活之间的界限。），第二段中的"When you're at the cinema enjoying a romantic movie or having a barbecue in the backyard, you can never cut yourself off from the outside world unless you switch off your phone."（当你在电影院欣赏浪漫电影或在后院烧烤时，除非你关掉手机，否则你永远无法与外界隔绝。），第三段第一句"Apart from interrupting your leisure time, WeChat can also reduce your productivity at work."（除了打断你的闲暇时间，微信也会降低你的工作效率。），第四段第一句"And as if that weren't bad enough, there're the "one-off" friends who take up space on our WeChat friend list."（似乎这还不够糟糕，在我们的微信好友列表中，有一些"一次性"的朋友占据了空间。）和最后一段第一句"With WeChat, all our spare time is swallowed up by the constant torrent of messages and our attention keeps getting diverted by Moments and pop-up ads. So it's time that we should do something to nip this problem in the bud."（有了微信，我们所有的闲暇时间都被源源不断的信息所吞噬，我们的注意力不断被瞬间和弹出的广告所转移，所以我们应该采取措施把这个问题消灭在萌芽状态。），可知这篇文章讲的是微信让我们的生活大受负面的影响，B选项"微信好友请求会毁了你的生活吗？"，为短文最佳标题。故选B项。

（2020. ）For the last month, a married couple has been interacting with a robot — called an Avatar — （hat's con trolled by their daughter hundreds of miles away. Made by ANA Holdings Inc, it looks like a vacuum cleaner with an iPad attached. But the screen displays the daughter's face as they chat, and its wheels let her walk slowly about the house as though she's really there.

"Virtual travel" is nothing new, of course. Storytellers, travel writers and artists have been stimulating the senses of armchair tourists for centuries. It's only in recent decades that frequent, safe travel has become available to the non-wealthy.

Yet even as the world's middle classes climb out of the armchair and into economy-class seats, there are signs of a post-travel society appearing. Concerns about the environment make people lose interest in carbon-intensive (碳排放量很高的) airlines. And the aging of societies is both slowing down the growth of physical travel and creating demand for alternative ways to experience the world. For the travel industry, virtual reality offers a tantalizing (诱人的) response to these trends.

Of course, far-out (前卫的) technologies encourage profits. ANA doesn't plan to start selling Avatars until next year. By one estimate, the global market for this kind of technology will be worth only about S300 million by 2023. By contrast, ANA's traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.

But although the business case for virtual vacations is still weak, the market for technologies that bridge physical distances between families and coworkers seems likely to only expand. ANA's robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they'll almost certainly be a part of travel's high-tech future.

1. What purpose does the first paragraph serve in the passage?

A. To show a picture of our future life.

B. To describe the daily life of a couple.

C. To attract readers' attention to the topic.

D. To add background in formation of the topic.

2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A. Humans tend to live much longer than before.

B. People are becoming more worried about the environment.

C. Virtual travel might cater for people's desire to see the world.

D. The profits of carbon-intensive airlines are possibly declining.

3. ANA is not planning to start selling Avatars soon probably because ________.

A. it is still skeptical about their potential

B. they still need to be further tested out

C. traditional travel business is taking off

D. their commercial profits may not be satisfying

4. The author believes the global market for virtual travel is ________.

A. promising B. ambiguous

C. depressing D. challenging

【答案解析】

1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A

本文为说明文。随着科技的进步和时代的发展，虚拟旅行成为对体验世界的方式的新需求，尽管商业前景依然黯淡，但它们几乎肯定会成为未来高科技旅行的一部分。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。第一段描述了一对夫妇与一个由女儿在好几百英里之外操控的称作an Avatar的机器人互动的情景，从而引出下文"Virtual travel"的话题，故第一段的作用是吸引读者对话题的兴趣，故选C。

【2题详解】

段落大意题。根据Concerns about the environment make people lose interest in carbon-intensive (碳排放量很高的) airlines. And the aging of societies is both slowing down the growth of physical travel and creating demand for alternative ways to experience the world.可知，环境保护和人口老龄化等问题使得传统旅行逐渐失去吸引力，一个后旅游社会的迹象正在显现，而虚拟旅行可以满足人们看世界的欲望。故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段By one estimate, the global market for this kind of technology will be worth only about S300 million by 2023. By contrast, ANA s traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.（据估计，到2023年，这种技术的全球市场价值将仅为3亿瑞士法郎。相比之下，全日空的传统旅游业务去年带来了超过190亿美元），通过数据对比可知，他们的商业利润可能并不令人满意，故选D。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段ANA's robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they'll almost certainly be a part of travel's high-tech future.（全日空的机器人可能不会很快取代它的飞机，但它们几乎肯定会成为未来高科技旅行的一部分。）可知，作者对虚拟旅行的全球市场是充满希望的，故选A。

（2020. ）As the world's resources become rarer because of continuing land development and the growing human population, the natural habitats of wild animals have continued to decrease. As a result, the survival of some species of wildlife is threatened. To help protect wildlife, a lot of practices should be carried out by environmentalist as well as the general public.

Create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their own natural habitats. Wildlife shelters should be developed, and habitats should be created in existing(现存的) national parks. Efforts(努力) should also be made to protect existing habits, such as providing food and water sources and limiting hunting. Breed(培育) endangered species in places such as zoos. Once the young animals grow up, they can be set free into the wild where they can continue to increase the population.

The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until it's too late. Educational programs making use of TV advertising and instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public know the situation.

The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild animals for sport or for a source of food. They should also stop supporting those who earn money from the illegal hunting of wild animals, such as hunters who kill animals for the only purpose of harvesting their body parts and selling them for money.

The public should avoid(避免) keeping wild animals as pets. This will limit the number of animals being tracked, trapped, sold and removed from their natural habitat.

1. Which of the following is not the measure of protecting animal habitats?

A. Developing wildlife shelters.

B. Creating new habitats.

C. Setting young animals free in the wild.

D. Protecting the existing habitats.

2. The underlined words "the situation" in Paragraph3 probably refer to the fact that ______.

A. the general public may not know species are endangered.

B. many endangered species are facing the danger of extinction.

C. people can do much to protect the endangered species.

D. human activities can affect the existence of species.

3. We can learn from the passage that _______.

A. some people hunt animals and sell them as pets

B. hunters get little money from hunting animals

C. general public do nothing about protecting the wildlife now

D. animal population becomes larger in the zoo

4. In which column(栏) of a newspaper can we read the passage?

A. Environment. B. Sports.

C. Technology. D. Education.

【答案解析】

1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于土地的持续开发和人口的增长，世界资源变得稀缺，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减少，导致某些野生动植物的生存受到威胁。为了保护野生动植物，环保主义者和公众应采取措施。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的Wildlife shelters should be developed, and habitats should be created in existing(现存的) national parks. Efforts(努力) should also be made to protect existing habits可知，A项、B项和D项是正确的；根据和第二段中的Breed(培育) endangered species in places such as zoos. Once the young animals grow up, they can be set free into the wild where they can continue to increase the population.可知，小动物长大后才能被放到野外，因此C项不符合文意。故选C。

【2题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第三段中的The general public may not realize that a species is endangered until it's too late. Educational programs making use of TV advertising and instructional meetings at national parks can be used to make the public know the situation.可知，公众意识到某个物种受到威胁时可能为时已晚。电视教育节目和在国家公园举行的宣讲会议可以使公众了解这个情况。因此the situation所指的是前一句话的内容，分析选项，可知B项(许多濒临灭绝的物种正面临灭绝的危险。)符合文意，故选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后两段中的The general public can help protect the wildlife by not hunting wild animals.和The public should avoid(避免) keeping wild animals as pets.可知，公众可以通过不猎捕野生动物来帮助保护野生动物。公众应避免将野生动物当作宠物饲养。因此可以推断出有人捕猎野生动物并将其当作宠物出售，故选A。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。文章主要介绍了由于土地的持续开发和人口的增长，世界资源变得稀缺，野生动物的自然栖息地持续减少，导致某些野生动植物的生存受到威胁。为了保护野生动植物，环保主义者和公众应采取措施。因此我们可以在报纸的环境栏目中看到这样的报道。故选A。

（2020. ）Xiao Yu is already quite the traveler, having been to Russia a couple of times. She is just 4 years old. However, Yu is no normal tourist, her visits to the Black Sea coastal resort of Sochi being about much more than rest and recreation, for Yu is autistic (自闭的). And in Sochi she has had encounters (遇见) with a very special kind of specialist (专科医生). That specialist - more exactly two of them- is a dolphin, contact with which is said to be beneficial to children like Yu.

Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social communication. In some severe cases autistic children may have trouble learning to speak or make eye contact. However,many children with autism are able to live normal lives. With the help of professional doctors, the children played games with the dolphins and receive treatment.

Dolphin-assisted treatment is not without controversy, there being no scientific evidence of its benefits, even if it is argued that the communicative experience for the children can be of no harm, and animal welfare activists object to the way animals are forced into their role as therapists (治疗师).However, even if Yu's mother is aware of such objections, she talks enthusiastically of the progress she thinks Yu has made since first traveling to Sochi.

That program, in which Chinese children with autism visit Sochi to receive dolphin-assisted treatment, is supported by the government of Sochi and the China Foundation for Disabled Persons. It was first held last October and again in mid-June to July. More than 10 children from China have now visited Sochi to receive dolphin-assisted treatment and have had very positive results, says Anatoly Pakhomov, the mayor of Sochi.

"We hope the Sochi government and China Foundation for Disabled Persons can establish a more stable long-term partnership, and we will continue to provide the necessary assistance and support," Pakhomov said.

1. What did Xiao Yu suffer from according to paragraph 1?

A. She had trouble when traveling to Russia.

B. She had to have a rest and recreation.

C. She had to encounter with a specialist.

D. She has a serious disease.

2. Which of the following words shares the same meaning with the underlined word in paragraph 3?

A. argument B. agreement

C. encouragement D. discussion

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Children with autism are sure to live normal lives with the help of dolphins and treatment.

B. The communicative experience for the children can be of no harm.

C. Animal welfare activists approved of the way animals are forced into their role as therapists.

D. The program is supported by both China and Russia.

4. What's Xiao Yu's mother's attitude towards the program?

A. supportive B. disagree

C. negative D. uncaring

【答案解析】

1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A

本文是一篇议论文。文章主要内容是论证与海豚接触对于像小雨这类患自闭症的孩子是有帮助的，虽然目前的海豚辅助性治疗还存在争议，但是这个项目得到了中国和俄罗斯方面的支持。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段的However, Yu is no normal tourist, her visits to the Black Sea coastal resort of Sochi being about much more than rest and recreation, for Yu is autistic (自闭的).（但是小雨并不是一个普通的游客，她去黑海海滨度假胜地索契游玩不仅仅是为了休息和娱乐，因为她患有自闭症）可知，小雨患了重病。故选D。

【2题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第三段的Dolphin-assisted treatment is not without controversy, there being no scientific evidence of its benefits（海豚辅助性治疗并非没有争议,因为没有科学证据的好处）可知，there being no scientific evidence of its benefits是there be独立主格结构在句中做原因状语，说明前句原因，故可知controversy意为"争论、争议"，所以argument与第3段划线的单词意思相同。故选A。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的That program,…, is supported by the government of Sochi and the China Foundation for Disabled Persons.（中国自闭症儿童赴索契接受海豚辅助治疗项目得到了索契政府和中国残疾人基金会的支持）以及最后一段"…and we will continue to provide the necessary assistance and support," Pakhomov said.（帕克霍莫夫说:"…我们将继续提供必要的帮助和支持。"）可知，我们能从这篇文章中推断出该项目得到了中国和俄罗斯的支持。故选D。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的However, even if Yu's mother is aware of such objections, she talks enthusiastically of the progress she thinks Yu has made since first traveling to Sochi.（然而，即使余秋雨的母亲意识到了这些反对意见，她仍然热情地谈论着她认为余秋雨自第一次来到索契以来取得的进步）可知，小雨妈妈对此项目的态度是支持的。故选A。

二、七选五阅读

（2020. 重庆市七校联盟高二联考）A dog is known as man's best friend because it can enrich its owner's life in many ways.

___1___ Many teenagers suffer from periods of no self-confidence as they try to deal with adolescence(青春期) .

A teenager without self-confidence may be unable to tell his parents about problems. With a dog around, it can be a huge comfort. A dog offers its unconditional love. ___2___

All dogs need exercise, so taking his dog for a walk is the perfect opportunity for a teenager to get outdoors and enjoy fresh air and physical activity.Exercise allows people to take control of their bodies, which is good for their life. ___3__Exercise releases chemicals which improve self-confidence.

Dogs can help teenagers make new friends.___4___ A dog is a great icebreaker, making the teenager feel comfortable with people he meets. The more confident they becomes when out and about with his dog，the more his self-confidence will improve.

___5___ If a teenager is developing dangerous habits such as drinking, more action may be required. In these cases professional help should be sought. Parents should ask a health professional (专业人士) for advice if they believe there's a sign of a far more serious problem.

A. Pets offer an unconditional love that can be very helpful.

B. You don't have to worry about hurting your pet's feelings.

C. It simply accepts its owner for who he is and doesn't judge or question.

D. particularly, someone without self-confidence may find a pet dog helpful.

E. A teen may meet someone of the same age while walking his dog in the park.

F. In some cases, having a dog will not help improve a teenager's self-confidence.

G. Many forms of exercise besides walking can be enjoyed with a dog, such as cycling.

【答案解析】

1. D 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. F

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狗对缺乏自信心的孩子有好处，可以陪伴他们，帮助他们交朋友，且对他们的健康有好处。但如果孩子养成了坏习惯，就要及时求助于专业人士。

【1题详解】

D. particularly, someone without self-confidence may find a pet dog helpful.（没有自信心的人特别能发现拥有宠物狗的好处。）与下文Many teenagers suffer from periods of no self-confidence as they try to deal with adolescence（很多青少年在青春期时都经历了没有自信心的痛苦。）承接自然，符合语境，前后句的confidence是原词复现。故选D项。

【2题详解】

前文A dog offers its unconditional love.（狗能向他的主人提供无条件的爱。）与C. It simply accepts its owner for who he is and doesn't judge or question.（它接受它的主人，从不评判或质疑他。）承接自然，前文的unconditional和答句中的doesn't judge or question都是指狗对主人无条件的信任和接受。故选C项。

【3题详解】

G. Many forms of exercise besides walking can be enjoyed with a dog, such as cycling.（除散步外，和宠物狗一起进行的运动还有很多，比如骑车。）与前文Exercise allows people to take control of their bodies, which is good for their life.（出去遛狗是让青少年有到户外去呼吸新鲜空气、进行体育锻炼的机会。运动对青少年的生活很有帮助）及后文Exercise releases chemicals which improve self-confidence.（运动释放出一种能提高自信心的化学物质。）逻辑严密，符合语境，这三处都在谈论运动，以及运动对于青少年有好处。故选G项。

【4题详解】

前文Dogs can help teenagers make new friends.（宠物狗有助于青少年结交到朋友。）与E. A teen may meet someone of the same age while walking his dog in the park.（青少年在公园遛狗时可能遇到他的同龄人。）承接自然，符合语境，遇到同龄人和交朋友属于相同话题。故选E项。

【5题详解】

F. In some cases, having a dog will not help improve a teenager's self-confidence.（在某些情况下，拥有宠物狗并不能帮助提升孩子的自信心。）与下文If a teenager is developing dangerous habits such as drinking, more action may be required. （如果青少年养成了非常危险的习惯，家长应该找专业人士寻求帮助）承接自然，符合语境。故选F项。

三、完型填空

（2020. 北京市清华附中高二自主检测）A lifesaving traffic stop

Kemira had just jumped in the shower when her mother Tammy banged on the door. Kemira's 12-day-old daughter was ___1___. Having fed baby Ryleigh just 30 minutes earlier, the new mother burst out of the bathroom and began patting her daughter ___2___ the back. Ryleigh was usually quick to cry. Now she didn't make a ___3___, "I'd been told to raise their arms when babies are choking, so I tried that, but she still was ___4___ to breathe," Kemira said later. She knew Ryleigh needed to get to the hospital fast.

The three had barely ___5___ it out of their neighborhood when the flashing lights of a police cruiser appeared behind them. Deputy Will Kimbro figured that the ___6___ driver was either too distracted to notice him or simply unconcerned. Kimbro soon found out it was a frightening ___7___ of the two.

Once she'd ___8___ to the curb (路边), a frantic Tammy jumped out of the car, exclaiming that her granddaughter had stopped breathing.

Desperate for help, Kemira handed the baby to Kimbro. He put a hand on her little ___9___. Ryleigh's heart was barely beating.

Kimbro radioed for a(an) ____10____—it was seven minutes out, and the hospital was even further away. That was seven minutes Ryleigh didn't have, her lips already an ominous shade of blue.

Luckily, Kimbro had recently completed a CPR class and knew ____11____ how to treat a baby. "Although I was ____12____, my training kicked in, and I went to work to keep that baby ____13____," says Kimbro. He gave Ryleigh to Kemira to hold, his hands busy as he checked for a pulse. Then he began tapping and kneading (揉) Ryleigh's chest, hoping to massage her heart back into action. Thanks to the CPR class, Kimbro knew the choking baby didn't have a ____14____ if there was a blockage, and he used one finger to clear her airway (气道). That was the magic touch; 20 seconds later, Ryleigh began to fuss. Then came a whimper.

"If she's crying like that, she's breathing," said Kimbro. The ____15____ was obvious in his trembling voice. "____16____ she's crying, she's breathing."

But they still had five more minutes until medical service would arrive, and Kimbro worried that Ryleigh would choke again. He continued with delicate chest compressions and periodically clearing her airway.

In the body camera footage, Kimbro can be heard ____17____ Kemira, the approaching sirens wailing in the background: "I didn't feel a heartbeat earlier, so I started massaging her heart and now I feel it. It's real strong now."

At the hospital, Ryleigh ____18____ quickly, and she was back to her ____19____ lively self in no time—thanks to a ____20____ police officer who was in the right place at the right time.

1. A. laughing B. crying C. murmuring D. choking

2. A. on B. at C. in D. against

3. A. wish B. face C. sound D. decision

4. A. unwilling B. hesitating C. expected D. forced

5. A. made B. sought C. got D. took

6. A. drunk B. speeding C. skillful D. relaxed

7. A. alternative B. former C. combination D. latter

8. A. pulled away B. pulled into C. pulled through D. pulled over

9. A. stomach B. chest C. throat D. back

10. A. ambulance B. nurse C. assistant D. mask

11. A. only B. hardly C. instantly D. exactly

12. A. thrilled B. shocked C. worn D. skeptical

13. A. alive B. asleep C. warm D. quiet

14. A. breath B. cure C. symptom D. chance

15. A. faith B. numbness C. concern D. relief

16. A. Even though B. As if C. As long as D. If only

17. A. Inquiring B. comforting C. catering D. interrupting

18. A. suffered B. developed C. recovered D. faded

19. A. usual B. unique C. true D. inner

20. A. sacred B. lucky C. determined D. cheerful

【答案解析】

1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C

这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位名为Will Kimbro的警察，果断救了一个被噎住婴儿Ryleigh的故事。

【1题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kemira 12天大的女儿噎住了。A. laughing笑；B. crying哭泣；C. murmuring低声说；D. choking噎住，使窒息。根据后文when babies are choking可知婴儿噎住了。故选D。

【2题详解】

考查介词辨析。句意：30分钟前刚给宝宝Ryleigh喂奶，这位新妈妈从浴室里冲了出来，开始拍女儿的后背。A. on在上面；B. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；C. in在里面；D. against反对。根据上文patting her daughter可知是给婴儿拍后背。pat sb. on the back"拍某人的背"。故选A。

【3题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在她没有发出任何声音，"我被告知当婴儿窒息时要举起他们的手臂，所以我试了一下，但她仍然呼吸困难，"Kemira后来说。A. wish希望；B. face脸；C. sound声音；D. decision决定。根据上文Ryleigh was usually quick to cry. Now she didn't make a可知婴儿因为窒息发不出声音了。故选C。

【4题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她没有发出任何声音，"我被告知当婴儿窒息时要举起他们的手臂，所以我试了一下，但她仍然呼吸困难，"Kemira后来说。A. unwilling不情愿；B. hesitating犹豫；C. expected期待；D. forced迫使。根据后文She knew Ryleigh needed to get to the hospital fast.可知Kemira尝试给Ryleigh救治，但是没有起作用，Ryleigh仍然呼吸困难。hesitate to do sth."犹豫做某事"。故选B。

【5题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三个人刚刚开出他们的社区，一辆警车的闪光灯就出现在他们身后。A. made制作；B. sought寻找；C. got得到；D. took带走。此处考查短语make it表示"成功，走完路程"。故选A。

【6题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：副警长Will Kimbro认为，超速的司机要么是注意力过于分散，没有注意到他，要么就是根本不关心自己是否超速。A. drunk喝醉的；B. speeding高速行驶的；C. skillful熟练的；D. relaxed放松的。结合后文警察拦下了他们的车，可知他们超速了。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。

【7题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kimbro很快发现恐怕这次超速是两个原因的结合。A. alternative选择；B. former前者；C. combination结合；D. latter后者。结合上文可知因为婴儿噎住了，所以开车的人注意力分散，没有注意到警察，而且情况紧急所以也根本无法关心自己是否超速了。因此是两个原因结合在一起了。故选C。

【8题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她把车停在路边时，疯狂的Tammy从车里跳了出来，大叫着她的孙女已经停止呼吸了。A. pulled away离开；B. pulled into（车）进站；C. pulled through渡过难关；D. pulled over靠边停车。根据后文to the curb可知车停在了路边。故选D。

【9题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把手放在她的小胸口上。A. stomach胃；B. chest胸部；C. throat喉咙；D. back后背。根据后文Ryleigh's heart was barely beating.可知是手放在胸上检查心跳。故选B。

【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kimbro用无线电叫了一辆救护车——要7分钟的路程，而医院甚至更远。A. ambulance救护车；B. nurse护士；C. assistant助手；D. mask口罩。婴儿的心跳几乎停止了，在这种情况下Kimbro警长肯定是呼叫救护车。故选A。

【11题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Kimbro最近完成了心肺复苏术的课程，并且恰好知道如何正确地治疗婴儿。A. only仅仅；B. hardly几乎不；C. instantly立即；D. exactly恰好地。婴儿被噎住了，而Kimbro最近完成了心肺复苏术的课程，并且恰好（exactly）知道如何正确地治疗婴儿。故选D。

【12题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意："虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我接受的训练，为了确保那个孩子活着，我还是去工作了。"Kimbro说。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. worn疲倦的；D. skeptical怀疑的。Kimbro本来是在正常执勤，结果遇到了这件事，反应应当是很震惊的。故选B。

【13题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意："虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我接受的训练，为了确保那个孩子活着，我还是去工作了。" Kimbro说。A. alive活着的；B. asleep睡着的；C. warm温暖的；D. quiet安静的。婴儿性命危机，这种情况肯定是为了确保那个孩子活着。故选A。

【14题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了心肺复苏术课程，Kimbro知道窒息的婴儿如果有阻塞就没有机会了，他用一根手指清理了她的气道。A. breath呼吸；B. cure治愈；C. symptom症状；D. chance机会。根据后文if there was a blockage, and he used one finger to clear her airway.可知Kimbro知道窒息的婴儿如果有阻塞就没有机会了，他用一根手指清理了她的气道。have a chance"有机会"。故选D。

【15题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他颤抖的声音里，可以明显地感到如释重负。A. faith信仰；B. numbness麻木；C. concern关心；D. relief减轻，如释重负。根据上文That was the magic touch; 20 seconds later, Ryleigh began to fuss. Then came a whimper.可知听到婴儿哭了，说明婴儿得救了，Kimbro肯定感到如释重负。故选D。

【16题详解】

考查连接词辨析。句意："只要她在哭，她就在呼吸。"A. Even though虽然；B. As if好像；C. As long as只要；D. If only只要。此处为条件状语从句，表示"只要"。故选C。

【17题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，可以听到Kimbro在安慰Kemira，背景中传来了警报声："我之前没有感觉到心跳，所以我开始按摩她的心脏，现在我感觉到了。现在很强劲。"A. inquiring询问；B. comforting安慰；C. catering提供饮食；D. interrupting打断。Kemira孩子窒息受到了惊吓，现在情况终于好转，因此Kimbro在安慰Kemira。故选B。

【18题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了往常的精神状态——多亏了一名坚定的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A. suffered遭受；B. developed发展；C. recovered恢复；D. faded凋谢。根据后文lively self in no time可知Ryleigh恢复了往常的精神状态。故选C。

【19题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了往常的精神状态——多亏了一名坚定的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A. usual往常的，通常的；B. unique独特的；C. true真实的；D. inner内在的。根据上文she was back to her可知Ryleigh恢复了往常的精神状态。故选A。

【20题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，Ryleigh很快就康复了，很快就恢复了正常的精神状态——多亏了一名果断的警察，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点。A. sacred害怕的；B. lucky幸运的；C. determined果断的；D. cheerful快乐的。Kimbro在遇到这种情况下，没有胆怯而是用自己学过的急救知识果断地救了婴儿的性命，是个果断的警察。故选C。

四、语法填空

（2020. 河南省南阳市高二期末）A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product made ___1___ combining fishing waste and algae(海藻).It could be used to replace plastic bags, ___2___ people use once and throw away. Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex. On November 13, Hughes ___3___ (award) the international winner of the 2019 James Dyson Award for design.

MarinaTex is stronger, ___4___ (safe) and much more sustainable than the plastic polyethylene(聚乙烯).But unlike plastic, MarinaTex is also easier ___5___ (break) down in four to six weeks in normal conditions and does not pollute the soil. Concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters, she is investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry, which produces ___6___(approximate) 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year.

___7___ (examine) fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did not harm the environment. After months of testing, Hughes ___8___(produce) a strong, flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius.

Hughes will receive about $41,000 in prize money as the first place ___9___ (win) of the James Dyson Award. She plans to use the money to further develop the product and ways to mass produce ___10___

【答案解析】

1. by

2. which

3. was awarded

4. safer

5. to break

6. approximately

7. Examining

8. produced

9. winner

10. it

本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一位23岁的英国妇女发明的一种通过把捕鱼废料和藻类结合起来制作出来的一种环保产品。

【1题详解】

考查介词。句意：一位23岁的英国妇女发明了一种通过把捕鱼废料和藻类结合起来制作出来的产品。by doing sth."通过做某事"是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。

【2题详解】

考查定语从句。分析句子可知，_2___ people use once and throw away是定语从句，先行词是plastic bags，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which，故填which。

【3题详解】

考查动词时态语态。award 是谓语动词，根据时间状语On November 13可知，用一般过去时，award与主语Hughes是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，故填was awarded。

【4题详解】

考查形容词比较级。由下文的than可知用形容词的比较级，与stronger，much more sustainable并列作表语，故填safer。

【5题详解】

考查非谓语动词。形容词后用不定式作状语，故填to break。

【6题详解】

考查副词。修饰动词produces用副词作状语，故填approximately。

【7题详解】

考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，_7___ (examine) fish parts作主语，用动名词形式，且置句首单词首字母大写，故填Examining。

【8题详解】

考查动词时态。produce作谓语，根据时间状语After months of testing可知，用一般过去时，故填produced。

【9题详解】

考查名词。根据语境可知，空格处指的是"获胜者"，头名获胜者用单数，故填winner。

【10题详解】

考查代词。句意：她计划用这笔钱来进一步开发这种产品和大规模生产它的方法。因此可知，空格处指代上文提到的the product，故填it。

五、短文改错

（2020. 广西河池市高二期末）假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏宇符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In my junior year of high school, my English teachers, Mrs. Matthews, was constant encouraging me. One day after class, she praised my work or said, "Jim, you have a real gift with writing." Mrs. Matthews said after the while, "However, whether you want to make the most of it, you need to stick to your belief and struggle for your profession.Otherwise, you will never develop your full potential."She added, You'll find that the more higher you go in the world, the harder you have to work so as to succeeding."So inspired I that I became certain about my belief. And they set me on the path I have taken ever since.

【答案解析】

In my junior year of high school, my English teachers, Mrs. Matthews, was constant encouraging

teacher constantly

me. One day after class, she praised my work or said, "Jim, you have a real gift with writing." Mrs.

and for

Matthews said after the while, "However, whether you want to make the most of it, you need to stick to

a if

your belief and struggle for your profession.Otherwise, you will never develop your full

potential."She added, You'll find that the more higher you go in the world, the harder you have to work

so as to succeeding."So inspired∧ I that I became certain about my belief. And they set me on the path

succeed was it

I have taken ever since.

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在高三时，英语老师不停鼓励作者，让作者坚定信念，最终踏上人生新征程的故事。

【详解】1. 考查名词。结合语境可知，这里指的作者在高三的英语老师，同位语是老师的称呼Mrs. Matthews，其后接谓语was，因此可以十分确定这是一位老师，故把teachers改为teacher。

2. 考查副词。句意：我的高三英语老师持续不断地鼓励我。句子使用了进行时（was encouraging），修饰动词encourage，需使用副词而非形容词，故将constant改为constantly。

3. 考查连词。句意：有一天下课后，她表扬了我的作业并说……。该句中，表扬（praise）和说（say）是两个顺承发生的动作，并且不分彼此，而不是二选一的选择关系，故将or改为and。

4. 考查介词。句意：你在写作方面真有天赋。have a gift for sth.表示"在某方面有天赋"，天赋都是为（for）而准备的，故将介词with改为for。

5. 考查冠词。"过了一会"使用固定短语after a while，"一会儿"对应的英文表达是a while，需使用不定冠词，故将the改为a。

6. 考查连词。结合上下文语境，此处表达的是"如果你想要将你的天赋发挥到极致"，是假设关系（如果）而非选择关系（是否），故将whether改为if。

7. 考查形容词比较级。对于形容词的比较级，有些是more+形容词原形，有些是形容词原形+er，此处higher已是比较级，故去掉more。

8. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配as to+动词原形表示"为了……"，故将succeeding改为succeed。

9. 考查句子结构。句意：我十分惊讶，（更加）坚定了我的信念。分析句子结构可知，So surprised被置于句首，而非主语I，这是一个倒装句，正常的语序为I was so surprised that I became certain about my belief.（so…that…结构），倒装之后应为So surprised+谓语+主语+that部分，而原文漏掉了谓语，且全文均使用一般过去时，故在surprised之后，I之前加入was。

10. 考查代词。句意：它（这一信念）助我从此踏上人生的新征程。到底是什么助我踏上新征程？分析前后语境可知，是上一句末尾处的my belief，应用it指代，故将they改为it。

六、书面表达

（2020. ）假设你是李华，你收到英国笔友 Tom 发来的一封邮件，得知他最近转入了一所新学校，在新学校里他没有朋友感到很孤单。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 帮他分析原因；

2. 给他提出建议（至少两条）；

3. 美好祝愿。

注意：1. 词数不少于 100；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 格式正确

Dear Tom,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案解析】

Dear Tom,

I am sorry to hear that you feel lonely in your new school. As a new student, it is natural for you to find it difficult to get along well with the other students in class and don't know how to adapt to new environment in the beginning.

Here are some suggestions that I hope can help you. First, don't worry. Although you are not familiar with the other students there, time and patience will make you feel at home. Second, perhaps you are just not used to the lifestyle there at this moment, so you should try to adapt yourself to the new environment. Third, go out and get actively involved in some after-school activities, where you can find some students who share your interests. I believe you will make good friends soon. Last, communicate with your classmates actively, and let them know more about you.

May you make new friends soon./ Wish to hear your good news soon.

Yours,

Li Hua

【分析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，给朋友建议。

【详解】第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。

结构：总分法

总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：1.表明写目的：给Tom回信。

2.具体的内容：1）帮他分析感到孤单的原因；2）给他提出建议（至少两条）；3）美好祝愿。

第二步:列提纲（重点词组）

it is natural for you to do…；get along well with；adapt to；be familiar with；adapt yourself to；communicate with

第三步：连词成句

1. I am sorry to hear that you feel lonely in your new school.

2. it is natural for you to find it difficult to get along well with the other students in class and don't know how to adapt to new environment in the beginning.

3. Here are some suggestions that I hope can help you.

4. Although you are not familiar with the other students there, time and patience will make you feel at home.

5. Perhaps you are just not used to the lifestyle there at this moment, so you should try to adapt yourself to the new environment.

6. Go out and get actively involved in some after-school activities, where you can find some students who share your interests.

7. I believe you will make good friends soon

8. Communicate with your classmates actively, and let them know more about you.

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,

3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…, so…that…

4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

第五步：润色修改

【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高级句子，如：it is natural for you to find it difficult to get along well with the other students in class and don't know how to adapt to new environment in the beginning.这句话运用了it做形式主语和形式宾语；go out and get actively involved in some after-school activities, where you can find some students who share your interests.这句用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如get along well with；adapt to；be familiar with；adapt yourself to；communicate with等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。