高考英语词汇之核心词汇（四）

词汇的学习必须做到分类，有的词需要精细化分析分类，有的词需要记住词义即可，当然词都离不开情境，用在情境里面才有意义。

本公众号本次继续推出818核心词汇的31-40核心词汇，供大家探讨，如何学习词汇？如何记忆词汇？如何运用词汇？

31. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；保卫

【英语释义】 To make sure that somebody or something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc.

【同源词】

protective adj.防护的；保护贸易的

protecting adj.保护的；防护的

protectively adv.保护地；防护地

protection n.保护；防卫

protectionism n.保护主义

protectiveness n. 保护；防护

protector n.保护器；保护者；保护装置

protectionist n. 贸易保护主义者 adj.贸易保护主义的

【同近义词】

defend / assist/ secure/watch/ preserve v. 保护

【常用短语】

protect ...against 使...免受

protect ...from 使...免受；保护

【场景使用】

1. Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack. 已经派出部队保护援助工作人员免遭袭击。

2. They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他们挤在一起，免受风吹。

3. Paris settles about protecting its monuments. 巴黎开始着手保护它的名胜古迹。《国家地理：二战启示录》

【高考真题】It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 已经证明，儿童时期吃蔬菜有助于防止今后得重病。（上海卷）

32. professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 专业的；n. 职业；专业

【英语释义】Connected with a job that needs special training or skill, especially that needs a high level of education.

【同源词】

profession n. 职业;行业

professionally adv. 专业地;内行地

professionalize v. 使专业化

professionalization n.专业化；职业化

professionalism n.专业素质；专业水平

【同近义词】

competent/capable adj. 有能力的；能胜任的

【短语】

observe professional ethics恪守职业道德

professional design专业设计

professional conduct/misconduct职业道德；失职

professional qualifications/skills专业资格/技能

professional standards/practice专业水平；行业惯例

the world of professional football职业足球界

【场景使用】

1. If it's a legal matter you need to seek professional advice.如果这属于法律问题，你就需要进行专业咨询了。

2. Most of the people on the course were professional women. 参加本课程的大多数人是职业女性。

3. We have had a lot of fun and games around here lately, but maybe it's time to set a slightly moreprofessional tone in the office. 最近这里气氛异常轻松活泼，也许现在应该让办公室里更严肃一点了。《绝望的主妇》

【高考真题】Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain theirprofessional competence. 为了保持专业能力，老师必须不断地更新他们的知识。（江苏卷）

33. widen /ˈwaɪdn/ v. 使变宽

【英语释义】To become broader, larger,wider or more extensive；to extend in scope or range or area.

【同源词】

wide adj. 广泛的；宽的 adv.广泛地；广阔地

width n.宽度；广度

widespread adj. 普遍的, 广泛的

【同近义词】

increase /change/ alter/vary/ modify v. 变化

【常用短语】

widen horizon 开阔视野

widen education 拓展教育

【场景使用】

1. Her eyes widened in surprise. 她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。

2. We plan to widen the scope of our existing activities by offering more language courses. 我们计划通过开设更多的语言课程扩大我们现有的活动范围。

3. They are trying to widen the discussion to include environmental issues.他们正试图扩大讨论范围，加入环境问题。

【高考真题】The road is being widened, and we had a rough ride. 道路正在扩宽，我们开车很费劲。（江苏卷）

34. require /rɪˈkwaɪər/ v.①需要 ②要求；规定

【英语释义】something is needed or it is necessary；have to do something by law or rules.

【同源词】

requirement n.要求；必需品

required adj. 必需的

【同近义词】

demand /need/ order/ request v. 要求；命令

【常用短语】

require surgery 需要手术

require regular watering 需要定期浇水

【场景使用】

1. True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty. 真正的婚姻有赖于我们表现出信任与忠诚。

2. The situation required that he should be present. 这种情形需要他在场。

3. Lentils do not require soaking before cooking. 小扁豆在烹饪前不必浸泡。

4. Several students failed to reach the required standard. 有几名学生没有达到规定的标准。

【真题例句】Ten strong young Chinese students are required to take part in the boat race. 10名健壮的中国年轻学生被要求参加划船比赛。（浙江卷）

35. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 创造性的

【英语释义】(of a person) has the ability to invent and develop original ideas, especially in the arts；(of activities) a new way that produces interesting and unusual results.

【同源词】create v. 创造；创作

creation n.创造；创作;产物

creature n. 动物；生物；人

creativity n. 创造性；创造力

creatively adv. 创造性地

creator 创造者；创建者

【同近义词】

imaginative / inventive/ fictive adj. 富有想象的；创新的

【常用短语】

a course on creative writing 创作课程

creative thinking创造性思维

the creative and performing arts 创作与表演艺术　

【场景使用】

1. This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more creative.这工作太单调了，我希望能做些更有创造性的事情。

2. She’s very creative—she writes poetry and paints. 她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。

3. Creativity and originality are more important than technical skill. 创造力和独创性比专门技术更为重要。

【高考真题】Without passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary forcreative thinking. 没有激情，人们就不会具有创造性思维所必要的动力和愉悦。（上海卷）

36. deal/di:l/（dealt, dealt）v.①经营 ②对付；处理 ③发（牌）④ 贩毒 n. [C]交易；协议；待遇

【英语释义】 An agreement or arrangement, especially in business or politics, that helps both sides involved；take action with respect to (someone or something).

【同源词】

dealer n. 商人；经销商

dealership n. 代理权；经销权

dealing n.[pl.] (商业)活动，往来; [U]经营方式

【同近义词】

transaction/ agreement n. 交易

【常用短语】

deal in 做…买卖

deal with/ make a deal with 处理；涉及

deal something out 分发；分配

a great/good deal of 大量的；许多

【场景使用】

1. Start by dealing out two cards to each player. 首先给每家发两张牌。

2. You can often see people dealing openly on the streets. 经常可以看到一些人在大街上公然买卖毒品。

3. Her poems often deal with the subject of death. 她的诗通常是关于死亡这一主题的。

4. The prime minister promised farmers a new deal. 首相向农民保证推行一项新政策。

5. They knew they’d been given a raw / rough deal (= been treated unfairly).他们知道自己受到了不公正待遇。

【成语例句】滔滔不绝【出处】五代·后唐·王仁裕《开元天宝遗事·走丸之辩》

He talked a great deal and rapidly.他说起话来滔滔不绝，而且速度很快。

【高考真题】

1. I think he’s just going to deal with this problem another day. 我想他只是打算改日再处理这个问题。（广东卷）

2. There is a great deal of evidence indicating that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 大量证据表明，音乐活动能让大脑的不同部分都参与进来。（浙江卷）

37. popularity /pɒpjʊ'lærətɪ/ n. ①普遍,流行;②受欢迎;③有声望

【英语释义】The state of being liked, enjoyed or supported by a large number of people.

【同源词】

popular adj. 流行的；受欢迎的；大众的

popularize v. 使受欢迎；普及；推广

【常用短语】enjoy great popularity享有盛誉popularity poll 人气调查

【场景使用】

1. That was the foundation of his great popularity over here, something he had never attained in France. 那就是他在那里大受欢迎的根本，那是他在法国从来未曾得到过的。

2. He was forced to step down as mayor despite his popularity with the voters.尽管深得选民拥戴，他还是被迫离开了市长的职位。

【高考真题】 Atwood decide to invent the LongPen to win herself greater popularity. 为了给她自己赢得更大的声望，阿特伍德决定发明远距离签字笔。（天津卷）

38. attend /ə'tend/ vt.& vi. 出席；上（大学等）；照料；招待；陪伴；致力于

【英语释义】To be present at (meetings, church services , university) etc. ; take charge of or deal with ; to accompany ; work for or be a servant to.

【同源词】

attendance n. 出席；参加

attendant n. 服务人员；侍者

attendee n. 出席者；在场者

attending adj. (医生)主治的

【同近义词】

present/ nurse/serve v. 出席/照料

【常用短语】

attend a meeting /lecture/ party/ an interview 参加会议/听课/参加聚会/参加面试 attend to 照料；照顾；接待

【场景使用】

1. They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania. 他们一起就读于宾夕法尼亚大学。

2. The staff will helpfully attend to your needs. 这个职员会帮助你，注意你的需求。

3. I was in Thailand to attend an international conference. 我在泰国参加一个国际会议。《灵书妙探》

【成语例句】应接不暇【出处】南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·言语》

There were more patients than I could attend to single-handed. 病人太多，我一个人应接不暇。

【高考真题】

1. It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school. 自我来到这个学校，这是我参加的最有教育意义的演讲。（湖南卷）

2. I’m afraid not, for I have something important to attend to. 恐怕不行，因为我还有一些重要的事情要处理。（福建卷）

39. prefer /pri'fɜː/ v. 更喜欢；宁愿；愿意

【英语释义】Like better; select ;give preference to one creditor over another.

【同源词】

preference n. 偏爱；优先权

preferable adj. 更好的；更适合的

preferential adj. 优先的；优惠的

【同近义词】

fancy v. 喜欢

【常用短语】

prefer...to... 喜欢...多于...

individual/ personal preference 个人偏爱

give somebody preference给某人优先权

for preference 由于偏爱

【场景使用】

1. I became a teacher because I preferred books and people to politics.我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。

2. I’d prefer you to dress more smartly for work. 我宁愿你上班穿得更时髦点。

3. So if it's all the same, I'd prefer it if you wait out here.所以如果一切依旧，我宁愿你等候在外。《绝望的主妇》

【高考真题】Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems to themselves, and solve their problems by themselves. 大多数美国人宁愿自己面对自己的问题，并独自解决它们。（湖南卷）

40.wild /waild/ adj.不受控制的；野蛮的；自然的；未经考虑的 n. 荒野

【英语释义】Uncontrolled, violent, or extreme ; natural ; not thought about.

【同源词】

wildlife n. 野生动植物

wilderness n.荒野；荒地

【常用短语】

drive/ make somebody wild 使某人疯狂；令某人盛怒

go wild 兴奋起来；疯狂起来

run wild 撒野

grow/ live wild 野生；自然生长

【场景使用】

1. The children are wild with joy. 孩子们欣喜若狂。