作者:未知 时间:2021-01-26 阅读:( )
北师大版高中英语必修5 Unit13 知识点总结
Ⅰ.单词回顾
1.gain vt. 获得;增加
2.deserve vt. 应得,值得
3.accuse vt. 控告,谴责
4.desire n. 渴望,欲望
5.upset adj. 不安的,不快的
6.glare vi. 怒视,瞪
7.grateful adj. 感激的;感谢的
8.confirm v. 证实
9.fault n. 错误;缺点
10.shelter vi. 躲避
11.emergency n. 紧急情况
12.librarian n. 图书馆管理员
13.predict vt. 预言,预测→prediction n.预测
14.strength n. 长处,优势→strengthen v. 增强,加强→strong adj. 坚强的,强有力的→weakness (反义) n. 弱点,缺陷
15.relief n. 减轻,宽慰→relieve v. 解除,减轻,缓和16.account vt. 认为是;说明 n. 说明;(银行)账户;报道→accountant n. 会计
17.judge vt. 评判→ judgement n. 判断,判断力
18.concentrate vi. 集中(思想、注意力等)→concentration n. 专心;集中→concentrated adj. 集中的,全力以赴的19.description n. 描述,形容→describe vt. 描述20.satisfaction n. 满意,满足→satisfy vt. 使满意;使满足→satisfied adj. 感到满意的;满足的→satisfying adj. 令人满意的21.devote vt. 专心致志于,献身于→devotion n. 奉献→devoted adj. 献身的,忠诚的,挚爱的,专心的22.possibility n. 可能性→possible adj. 可能的→possibly adv. 可能;或许
23.disability n. 残疾;无能力→disable vt. 使残疾,使丧失能力→disabled adj. 有残疾的
24.gift n. 礼物;天赋;天资→gifted adj. 有天赋的25.accurately adv. 精确地,准确地→accurate adj. 精确的,准确的→accuracy n.精确;准确
26.fail v. 失败→failure n. 失败
27.weak adj. 弱的;差的→weakness n. 弱点;缺陷
28.anxious adj. 焦急的;渴望的→anxiety n. 忧虑;担心
29.associate vt. 联想,联系→association n. 联想;协会;联盟;联合→associated adj. 有关联的;联合的30.expression n. 表情;词语→express vt. 表达;快递邮寄 n. 快车;快递服务;[美]捷运公司
31.connection n.联系;连接→connect vt.联系;连接32.mistaken adj.错误的→mistake vt.弄错;误解;n.错误33.relief n.减轻,宽慰→relieve v.解除,减轻,缓和
13.talk_sb._into_doing_sth. 说服某人做某事14.can't_help_doing_sth. 禁不住要做某事
15.to_be_honest 说实话
16.be_popular_with 受……欢迎
17.devote...to... 奉献,致力于……
18.pick_up 拾起;去接(某人);收到;偶然学会或获得;恢复
19.except_for 除了
20.come_up_with 提出,想出
说服某人(不)做某事
3.“v.+sb.+of+sth.”短语大团圆
①accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人……
②cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某病
③remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
④warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
⑤suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
⑥rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
⑦inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
Ⅲ.佳句背诵
1.On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations.
另一方面,毫无疑问的是低情商的人经常会在与别人相处和处理困难形势时有问题。
[点拨] There is no/little doubt that...是固定句式,意为“毫无疑问……”。
[背诵] 毫无疑问,没有快乐生活将是空虚和毫无意义的。
There_is_no_doubt_that life will be empty and meaningless without happiness.
2.I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.
我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
[点拨] I dislike it when..., it 作形式宾语,when 引导的从句作真正的宾语。
[背诵] 我不喜欢别人当众嘲笑我。
I_dislike_it when others laugh at me in public.
3.Perhaps the postcode was wrong and that's why the letter never arrived.
可能邮政编码错了,那就是信一直未收到的原因。
[点拨] that's why...那就是……的原因,why 引导表语从句。
[背诵] 他之前看过那部电影,因此昨天晚上没去看。
He had seen the film before. That's_why he did not see it last night.
4.If anything, it made me even angrier.
如果有什么不同的话,这只会增添我的怒气。
[点拨] if anything 是一个省略句,意为“如果有什么不同的话”。
[背诵] 我想要说有什么区别的话,她家比我家有钱。
I think her family, if_anything,_was richer than mine.
5.It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.
人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,对生活有积极的态度。
[点拨] It is generally believed that... 人们通常相信……
[背诵] 人们普遍认为中国是足球的发源地。
It_is_generally_believed_that China is the birthplace of football.
四、考点单词:
1.strength n. [U]力量,体力;n. [C]长处,强项
One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.
有一天,他鼓起勇气决定参加一个工作面试。
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
build up one's strength 增强体力
strengthen vt. 加强,增强
2.concentrate vt.&vi. 集中(思想、注意力等)
Excitement makes you pay attention and concentrate on what you are studying.
兴奋会使你专心于你所学习的东西。
(1)concentrate (on/upon) 专注于,专心致志于
concentrate one's attention on/upon 专注,聚精会神
(2)concentration n. 专心,集中
[联想] 表示“专心致志于……”的其他表达形式:
①be absorbed in②be occupied in
③be buried in④apply oneself to
⑤put one's heart into⑥fix/focus one's attention on
3.deserve vi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚);值得
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.
不管多么普通的工作,它都在社会上起着作用,因此值得我们应有的尊敬。
(1)deserve to do 应该
deserve doing/ to be done 应受,值得
(2)deserve consideration/attention/respect 值得考虑/注意/尊重
4.accuse vt. 控告,指控
Accused of stealing money, the man was brought to court.
那个人因被指控偷了钱而被带上法庭。
accuse sb. of sth. 控告/指责某人做某事
charge sb. with sth. 指控/控告某人某事
[联想] “动词+sb.+of”的其他表达形式:
①cheat sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物
②cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病,改掉某人的坏习惯
③inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况(事)
④remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事)
⑤rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物
⑥rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西
⑦warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况
5.desire n. 渴望,欲望;v. 期望,渴望
Tour guides need to be independent, outgoing and have adesire to share information.
导游需要是独立的、外向的并有分享信息的意愿。
(1)a desire for sth. 对……的渴望
a desire to do sth. 做某事的渴望/愿望
a desire that... ……的愿望[(should+)动词原形]
6.upset adj. 心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的;vt. 使不安;使心烦;弄翻;打翻;打乱;扰乱(计划等)
Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.
他的朋友们确实心烦意乱,一直在焦急地等待更多的消息。
(1)be/get upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心
be upset+thatclause ……让人不安
(2)upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划/安排
(3)upset oneself about sth. 使某人为某事烦恼
It upsets sb. that...让某人心烦的是……
7.judge v. 断定;判断;判决;n. 裁判员;法官;评判员
It seems a good idea, but without all the facts it's hard to judge.
这看起来是个好主意,但在没有掌握所有事实的情况下,难以作出判断。
(1)judge...from/by... 从……来判断
judge between right and wrong 判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断;我认为
(2)judging by/from 根据……判断
(3)in one's judgement 依某人看来
[点拨] judging from/by 表示“从……上看,根据……来判断”,用在句首时,为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态影响,只用现在分词作状语,而不采用过去分词的形式。
8.devote vt. 献身;专心于
But after 35 years of marriage, I know they're great companions and are devoted to each other.
但是经过了35年的婚姻后,我知道他们是很好的伴侣,并且彼此忠实。
(1)devote oneself/one's
energy/time/attention to sth./doing sth. 奉献于……;献身于……
(2)be devoted to 深爱;致力于
(3)devotion n. 关爱,关照;奉献,忠诚
Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.
邻居利用空闲时间来帮助他人重建。
9.account vi.&vt. 认为;说明;总计有;n. 说明;理由;计算;账目;报道
I was a new teacher, and I gave an honest account of the students' work.
我是一个新老师,我对学生们的作品给了一个坦诚的说明。
account for 导致,说明
on account of 由于
take sth. into account 考虑……
In English law a man is accounted innocent until he is proved guilty.
根据英国法律,一个人未经证实有罪仍视为无罪。
10.relief n.宽慰,轻松;解脱;减轻,消除;缓和;救济品
It'll be a real relief when they're found.
当找到他们后,人们得到了极大宽慰。
Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of relief.
看到女儿和狗回来了,父母突然流出了欣慰的泪水。
11.glare vi. 怒视,瞪 n. 怒视
I turned around and glared at the person who was singing.
我回头瞪了一眼正在唱歌的人。
glare at 怒视
give sb. a glare 瞪某人一眼
12.confirm v. 证实;坚定(决心,意见),使有信心
After confirming that I was, Jenny said that she had noticed I'd left my book in the library.
在确定我是(珍)之后,珍妮告诉我她发现我把书落到图书馆里了。
confirm sth. 证实某事
confirm that/wh 证实,确定……
confirm sb. in sb.'s belief/opinion/view 使某人的信念/意见/观点更加坚定
It is/has been confirmed that... 已经确定……
confirmation n. 证实;确认书,证明书
Xrays have confirmed that he has not broken any bones.
X光片证实他没有骨折。
13.requirement n. 需要,要求;规定
Can you think of any jobs where this isn't a requirement?
你能想到不需要这点的工作吗?
require to do 要求做
require sb. to do 要求某人做
require sth. to be done 要求某事被做
require doing/to be done 要求被做
require sth. of sb. 要求某人某物
require that...(should+)动词原形 要求做
It is/was required that...(should+)动词原形 要求做
Students must meet all of the following requirements.
学生们必须满足下列所有要求。
14.associate vt. 联想;联系;n. 同伴;伙伴
The first step to making friends is associating with other people.
交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。
(1)associate with sb. 与某人交往或常打交道
(2)in association with... 与……合伙/合作
15.aboard adv. & prep. 在船(飞机、车)上,上船,上飞机
I feel that airlines should not allow newborn babies aboard their long distance flights.
我认为航空公司不应该允许新生儿坐飞机长途飞行
Everyone aboard the plane got worried when the plane was out of control.
当飞机失控时,机上的所有人都感到担心。
16.fault (n.)
(1)[U] 责任;过失;过错
It's your own fault for being careless.
你粗心大意是你自己的过失。
(2)[C] 弱点;缺点
I like him despite his faults.
虽然他有种种缺点, 但我仍然喜欢他。
(3)[C] 缺陷;毛病;故障
There are several faults in the page of figures.
那一页的数字中有几个差错。
find fault (with sb./sth.) 找茬儿;挑错;抱怨;挑剔
be one's fault (不正式)某人的过错
17.shelter vi. 躲避;n. 避难处;遮蔽;住处
Human beings need food, clothing and shelter.
人类有衣、食、住的需求。
take shelter from the rain 避雨
shelter from sth. 躲避某事/物
shelter...from... 保护……不受……的破坏
take shelter from...躲避……
under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下
People took shelter from the shower in the department store.
人们在百货公司躲避骤雨。
五、考点短语:
1.talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
Go and see your teacher and try to talk him or her into giving you a better grade.
去找你的任课老师,说服他或她给你提高分数。
talk sb. out of (doing) sth. 说服某人打消做……的念头
persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事
advise sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth. 劝说某人不做某事
2.end up 结果为……,以……而结束,最终成为
For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams?
例如:你是不是有这样的困惑,为什么班里有些最聪明的学生,那些你认为应该成绩很好的,有时会考试不及格呢?
end up doing 结果……
end (up) in... 结果为/最终会……(后常跟表地点的名词)
end(up) with 以……结束/告终
end (up) as 最终成为……
Work hard and you will succeed in the end.
努力学习,最终你就会成功。
3.in terms of 就……而言;在……方面
Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person's EQ, especially in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.
有一些(人)正在研究改善一个人的情商的可能性,特别是在“人际技能”方面,例如理解能力和沟通能力。
be on good/bad/friendly terms(with sb.)与某人关系好/不好/友好
come to terms with sb.(与某人)达成协议,妥协
come to terms with sth. 迁就,顺从;接受;适应
in one's terms 在某人看来
in the long/short/medium term 在长/短/中期内
4.can't help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事
I couldn't help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.
听了这话,我禁不住笑了,然后邀请她到我的公寓喝了杯茶。
(can't) help (to) do sth. (不能)帮忙做某事
can not help but do sth.(=can't help doing sth.)禁不住做某事
can not choose but do sth. 不得不做某事
can't help (it) 没有办法,控制不了
have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事以外别无选择
5.compare...to... 把……比作……;把……与……相比
They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students' feelings compared to students who had not been involved in the study.
相比于那些没有参加研究的学生来说,他们还表现出了对残疾学生的感受更好的理解。
compare...with... 把……和……相比
compared with/to... 和……相比(用作介词),在句中作状语
compare notes 交换意见
by/in comparison with sb./sth. 与……比较起来,相比之下
beyond(without) compare 无与伦比
6.draw up 拟订;制订;起草;停止
I was assigned to draw up the first draft of the report.
我被指派草拟报告的初稿。
draw near 靠近;接近;临近
draw off 抽出;排掉
draw the line (at sth./at doing sth.)拒绝做
draw back 拉起;退却;缩回
draw a conclusion 得出结论
六、考点句型
1.There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations.
几乎毫无疑问情商低的人在与他人相处以及处理难题时常常碰到麻烦。
there is little doubt that... “几乎毫无疑问……”,这是一个固定句型,其实doubt 多作不可数名词,that 引导的是同位语从句,用来说明doubt的具体内容。
There is no/little doubt that... 毫无疑问……
I have no doubt that... 我确信……
There is a/some doubt whether... 是否……还有疑问
There is some/no doubt about... 对……有/没有疑问
without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问地
be in doubt 不肯定;不确定;拿不准
[点拨] 当doubt 用于否定句和疑问句时,后面的从句用that 引导;用于肯定句时,后面的从句用whether 引导。
2.If necessary, look them up in a dictionary.
如果有必要的话,就在词典中查一下它们。
if necessary(=if it is necessary)如果需要的话,为状语从句的省略。
状语从句中,如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同且谓语中含有be 动词,可以省略从句的主语和be动词;若从句中主谓是it+be 的形式,it 与 be动词也可省略。
if anything 如果要说的话,如果有区别的话
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
if any 如果有的话
Come along with me if (it is) possible.
如果有可能和我一起去吧。
3.I saw she had tears running down her cheeks at lunch today and one of the other teachers gave her a hug.
今天中午饭时我看见她流着泪,其中的一位老师给了她一个拥抱。
(1)have sth./sb. doing 意为“让某物/某人一直处于某种状态(做某事)”。其中,宾语sth./sb. 是宾语补足语doing 的逻辑主语,强调动作的持续性。此外,have sb./sth. doing 还可表示“允许、容忍某人/某物做……”。
His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.
他的父母总是让他给花园锄草、清理垃圾和分发报纸。
(2)have sth./sb. do 意为“让某情况发生,让某人做某事”。其中,作宾语补足语的是省略to 的动词不定式,强调动作的完成。
The teacher had his students read English every morning for half an hour.
这位老师让他的学生每天早上读半个小时的英语。
(3)have sth. done 意为“请人做某事;遭受,蒙受”。其中,宾语sth.与宾语补足语done 之间构成被动关系。
Will you have my cases sent up, please?
请你叫人把我的箱子送上来好吗?
4.It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.
普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,对生活有积极的态度。
It's generally believed that... “人们通常相信……”。that 引导的是一个主语从句,it 为形式主语。
“It is/was+过去分词+that 从句”这一句型中常用的过去分词有said,reported, known, thought, believed, suggested 等。通常译为“据说(报道……)”。
5.I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate.
我越来越烦躁,当然,越烦躁越难集中注意力。
这是一个并列句。前一分句中含有表示“越来越……”的“比较级+and+比较级”结构,后一分句含有表示“越……就越……”的“the+比较级,the+比较级”句型。
在“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”的句型中,第一个“the+比较级……”相当于条件状语从句,第二个“the+比较级……”相当于主句。如果第二个“the+比较级……”用一般将来时,则第一个“the+比较级……”常用一般现在时代替将来时。
The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
睡觉前你摄入脂肪越多,你晚上给自己的负担就越大。
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