高中英语——形容词与副词

真题再现

一语法填空

1. (2019·全国Ⅰ) It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

答案：poorly

解析：考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。

2. (2019·全国Ⅰ) Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are.

答案：higher

解析：考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。

3. (2019·全国II) Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

答案：finally

解析：考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。

4. (2019·全国II) We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).

答案：wonderful

解析：考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。

5. (2019·全国Ⅲ) They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ___68___(huge) popular with tourists.

答案：67. traditional 68. hugely

解析：【67题详解】

考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。

【68题详解】

考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。

6．(2018·全国Ⅰ) According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years (long) than non-runners.

答案　longer

解析　考查副词的比较等级。句中的than是比较级的标志，故填long的比较级longer。

7．(2018·全国Ⅰ) Running is cheap，easy and it’s always (energy)．

答案　energetic

解析　考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词is后接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词形式energetic。

8. (2018·全国Ⅱ) A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change：An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens，pigs，and cattle.

答案　actually

解析　考查词性转换之形容词变副词。修饰动词用形容词actual的副词形式actually。

9．(2018·全国Ⅲ) That makes her baby scream，and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the (loud) of all.

答案　loudest

解析　考查副词的比较等级。由空前的the以及空后的all可知要用最高级。

10．(2017·6月浙江) But something made her look closer，and she noticed a (shine) object.

答案　shiny/shining

解析　考查词性转换之动词变形容词。空格处修饰后面的名词object(物体)，用形容词形式，故填shiny或shining，意为“闪闪发光的”。

11. (2017·全国Ⅰ)Even (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.

答案　worse

解析　考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。

12．(2017·全国Ⅱ) Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.

答案　fairly

解析　考查词性转换之形容词变副词。这里fair是形容词，修饰形容词unpleasant应用副词形式，故填fairly。

二单句改错

1. (2019·全国Ⅲ) What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.

答案：ordinarily→ordinary

解析：考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词，ordinarily是副词。故把ordinarily改为 ordinary。

2. (2019·全国II) I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.

答案：coolly→cool

解析：考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。

3．(2018·全国Ⅰ) I felt happily that their life had improved.

答案　happily→happy

解析　本句中felt是系动词，意为“觉得”，后面应用形容词作表语，故将happily改为happy。

4．(2017·全国Ⅰ) A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.

答案　late→later

解析　“一段时间＋later”表示多长时间之后，是固定用法。

5. (2017·全国Ⅰ) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.

答案　suddenly→sudden

解析　该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。

6．(2017·全国Ⅱ) In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，which is on the rooftop of their house.

答案　interesting→interested

解析　因为是描述主语they，指人的心理状态，所以应用interested“对……感兴趣的”。

7．(2017·全国Ⅱ) They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.

答案　earlier→early

解析　此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。

8．(2017·全国Ⅲ) I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums.

答案　difference→different；late→latest

解析　名词kinds前需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词difference改为形容词different。指“收集最新的音乐专辑”，故将late改为latest。

9．(2018·吉林百校联盟联考) Is it necessary to practise handwriting？Some students consider handwriting least important than before.

答案　least→less

解析　由句中的than可知应用important的比较级形式，故将least改为less。

三语法填空——形容词副词专练

Visitors to Britain may find the 1. (good) place to enjoy local culture is in a 2. (tradition) pub.A team of researchers have revealed some of the 3. (know) culture of British pubs—starting with the difficulty of getting a drink.This may sound 4. (convenient)，but there is a 5. (hide) meaning.

Pub culture is formed to improve sociability in a society that is known for its coldness.Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others who are waiting to be served.The bar counter is 6. (possible) the only place in Britain where a 7. (friend) talk with strangers is considered to be 8. (entire) proper and really quite normal behavior.9. ，if you do not follow the local rules，the experience may fall flat.For example，if you are in a big group，it is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks.Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry 10. (much) than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while they chat hesitantly about what to order.

篇语解读：本篇讲述的是若想享受英国文化，最好的去处是酒吧。

1．答案　best

解析　考查形容词的最高级。根据语境分析可知，此处指出了一定的范围内，即“在英国”，应该填提示词的最高级形式best。

2．答案　traditional

解析　考查词性转换之名词变形容词。分析句子成分可知，此处应该填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词pub，所以填提示词的形容词形式traditional。

3．答案　unknown

解析　考查词性转换之动词变形容词。根据上文中的“revealed”(揭示)可知，此处应该表示“不为人知的”，因此填形容词形式unknown，在句中作定语。

4．答案　inconvenient

解析　考查词形转换。根据语境可知此处填写convenient的反义词，在句中作表语。

5．答案　hidden

解析　考查分词形容词。此处为分词形容词作定语修饰名词meaning，且表被动，故填hidden。

6．答案　possibly

解析　考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处在句中作状语，应该填提示词的副词形式possibly。

7．答案　friendly

解析　考查词性转换之名词变形容词。根据语境“与陌生人之间的友好交谈”可知，此处在句中作定语，填提示词的形容词形式friendly。

8．答案　entirely

解析　考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处在句中作状语，修饰形容词proper，故填提示词的副词形式entirely。

9．答案　However

解析　考查副词。根据语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，且空格处用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，所以填表示转折关系的副词however。

10．答案　more

解析　考查副词的比较级。根据后面的than可知，此处填提示词的比较级形式more。

知识点分析和学习目标

根据以上历年真题分布来看，形容词和副词是高考英语必考的一个基础语法知识，而且这个知识点从初中开始，贯穿了整个中学6年的学习，属于简单的知识点。在考题中，除了完形填空考查形容词、副词的词义外，还考查语法填空和短文改错这两道题型。形容词和副词的三大考点：两类词对其他词性的修饰、比较级和最高级以及由否定前后缀构成的反义词。同学们在学习和练习的过程中，需要把上下文意思和句子结构分析结合起来。