一、解题步骤

 

1.略读全文

 

短文填空与完形填空一样，属于障碍性阅读，但它的难度比完形填空还要高，因为完形填空有四个备选答案，而短文填空没有提供备选答案，要求考生既能想得到答案，还要写得对单词。所以在解题时，先略读全文，对全文有个大概了解。

 

2.逐项填空

 

在读完一遍之后，对短文内容有大概了解。然后运用所学的知识与技巧，根据文章的大意，逐个填空。易的先填，难的做标记后填。绝对不能留空。

 

3.核对答案

 

全部题目完成后，再复读一遍，核查答案。

（1）检查答案注意动词的时态、语态。

（2）检查名词要注意单复数。

（3）检查形容词和副词的三个级别。

（4）检查习惯用语、固定搭配等是否符合习惯。

（5）检查上下文的连贯性，以及所填词是否符合逻辑。

 

二、解题技巧

 

1.寻“宝”推理法

 

寻“宝”推理法就是从上下文中找到相关的“宝”（信息点），通过逻辑推理，从而填出与原句意思相符单词的方法。如：

 

【典例】 It was a fine day last Sunday. John went to Tianlong supermarket to do some （1） alone. Because it was a little far away from his home, he （2） his car there. Soon he got there and found room for his car. He parked his car and went into the （3） to buy the things he needed. Twenty minutes later, he finished shopping. He was very happy he could （4） shopping in less than half an hour. At last he took the things slowly back to the car park. What a good day he had!

 

【分析】：

（1）A. 上下寻宝：从下文（倒数第二行）可寻到“宝”：“he could finish shopping in less...”。

B． 判定答案：把“宝”代入句子中，意思完整，故确定答案填shopping。

C． 检查复核：shopping此处是不可数名词，不用+s。

（2）A. 上下寻宝：从下文（本空的后一句）可寻到“宝”：“Soon he got …for his car”。B. 判定答案：经过逻辑推理，只有开车去超市，才要找停车位，故确定答案填drive。C. 检查复核：drive是动词。上半句动词用was为过去时，所以本空也要用过去时“drove”。

（3）A. 上下寻宝：从上文（第一行第二句）可寻到“宝”：“Tianlong supermarket”。B. 判定答案:把“宝”代入句子中，意思完整，故确定答案填supermarket。C. 检查复核：supermarket此处是可数名词，但此处没有复数的概念，不用+s。

 

2.搭配法

 

根据短语，句型以及习惯用语的常用搭配来填词的方法。如：

 

【典例】 With the environment becoming worse and worse, more and more people realize the importance of protecting the environment. But there are still some people paying less （1） to it. They are still doing something harmful to the environment.Last Sunday I went to the Plant Garden to enjoy （2） . When I stepped into the gate of the garden, I felt comfortable at first because I could breathe the fresh air and enjoy the beautiful flowers and trees.

But to my （3） , I saw a man lying in a sleep net hanging （4） two trees. I thought this kind of behavior would hurt the trees. How could he make money by hurting the trees like this? Without trees, how could we get the fresh air? I don’t know how to express my anger. I think （5） is our duty to protect the environment. So something must be done to stop this kind of behavior.

 

【分析】：

（1）A. 寻找搭配：从空格前后我们可寻到短语搭配：“pay attention to”。B. 判定答案：由搭配可知，此处填attention一词。C. 检查复核：attention代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑，且attention是不可数名词，不用+s。

（2）A. 寻找搭配：从空格前我们可寻到短语搭配：“enjoy oneself”。B. 判定答案：由搭配可知，此处缺了oneself一词。前面是I，所以此处填myself。C. 检查复核：myself代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑，且myself没有词形变化。

 

3.前后关系判断法

 

根据所填空的前后部分之间的关系来填词的方法。

 

【典例】：At our school, we sometimes have a special day to help others. We call the day “Volunteer Day”. On that day, we often go to the old people’s home （1）help them do the housework. The old people were very happy（2）every year we organize this kind of activities several times.（3） we don’t do much for them, they were thankful to us. They were lonely, they needed people to visit them often and chatted with them. （4）every one can do something for the lonely old people, they will be happier.

 

【分析】：

（1）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“we often go tothe old people’s home”。第二部分 “help them do the housework”.B. 根据两部分之间关系，判定答案: 两部分之间是并列关系，要填and；或者第二部分 “help themdo the housework”是“we often go to the oldpeople’s home”的目的。要填to。C. 检查复核：and或to代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以此题答案可填and 或to。

（2）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“the old people

were very happy”。第二部分 “every year we organize this kind of activities several times”.根据两部分之间关系，判定答案：老人们很高兴是因为每年我们有好几次组织这样的活动。所以两部分之间是因果关系，此处要填表原因的词because。C. 检查复核：because代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以此题答案可填because。

（3）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“we don’t do much for them”。第二部分 “they were thankful to us”.B. 根据两部分之间关系，判定答案：虽然我们为他们做的不多，但是他们对我们很感激。两部分之间是转折关系，故要填Though. C. 检查复核：Though代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以此题答案可填Though。

（4）A. 分开关系部分或句子：从所填空句子意思，我们可将句子分两部分。第一部分“every one can do something for the lonely old people”。第二部分 “they will be happier”.B. 根据两部分之间关系，判定答案: 如果每个人都能为孤单老人做些事情，他们就会更高兴。所以两部分之间是条件关系，要填If。C. 检查复核：If代入后，意思通顺，符合逻辑。所以此题答案可填If。

 

三、强化练习

 

阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使短文语意通顺。（每小题1分，共10分）

 

We can’t remember (61) _______ (clear) since when we started to take our mobile phones to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially when we eat out. Once (62) d______ come, we take out our mobile phones and take photos (63) i_________ of lifting our chopsticks. Later, we post the photos onto Webo or Wechat, (64) ________ (wait) to be “liked”. Then we checked our mobile phones from time to time during the meal, to see (65) w________ we get “liked” or not. We just cannot leave our mobile phones for simply a meal.

Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you?

A recent study (66) ________ (suggest) that what we are used to doing is not that good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. So, (67) w ________ not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food ahead of you?

Besides the (68) ________ (science) result, there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos onto the Internet, one will be unable to control himself and check his mobile phone many times. “Does everyone accept my photos? I hope a lot of people like them!” It seems like your mobile phone secretly class your name all the time, even when you are (69) w_______ real people.

So, next time you go out to have dinner, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with others. Trust me, and it will be a (70) ________ (wonder) time.

 

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文中例举了当前的一种普遍现象，人们在餐桌旁不是马上就餐，不是和朋友聊聊天，而是首先拿起手机拍照发微博或微信，然后做起了“低头党”，作者认为这样严重影响就餐并建议就餐时停止拍照玩手机，而是单纯的享受美食。

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