Unit 1 Making New Friends

 

【重点短语】

 

1. good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好

2. glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴

3. welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到……

4. let’s + v 让我们做……

5. stand up 起立

6. sit down 坐下

7. this is... 这是……

8. thanks = thank you 谢谢

9. see you = see you later = goodbye 再见

10. ID number 身份证号码

11. be from=come from 来自

12. in English 用英语

 

【重要句型】

1. ---What’s your name? ---My name is Sally.

2. ---Where are you from? ---I’m from China.

---Where do you come from? ---I come from China.

3. ---Where is he/ she from? ---He/She is from Japan.

4. ---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an…

5. ---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…

6. ---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.

7. ---Can you spell it? ---Yes, M-A-P, map.

8. —How old are you/ is he/ are they?

—I’m/ He is/ They are eleven.

9. —What’s your telephone number?

—It’s 4567967.

10. —What class/ grade are you in?

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小写）

11. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.

12. —Hello!/Hi! —Hello!/Hi!

13. —Nice/Glad to see/meet you. —Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.

14. —Welcome to China/my home. —Thanks.

15. —How do you do? —How do you do?

16. —How are you? —Fine, thank you. And you? —I’m OK.

17. —See you then/ later. —See you.

18. —Goodbye. —Bye.

19. —Thank you. —You’re welcome./That’s OK./Not at all.

 

【重点语法】

1. 元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu

包含有以下元音的字母：

[e] Aa Hh Jj Kk

[i:] Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv

[aɪ] Ii Yy

[ju:] Uu Qq Ww

[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

 

2. 大小写

 

句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。

• Look！Is that Jane?

• He comes from Hubei, China.

• Mr. Wang, this is my mom.

• —What class are you in?

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.

• On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a picnic.

 

3. Be动词的用法

 

• 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。

• 含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。

• 一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be；否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。

 

如：---They are teachers. ---They are not teachers.

---Are they teachers? ---Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.

 

4. 不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法

 

(1)不定冠词a, an的用法

a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.

 

(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用

• We are in the same class.

• The girl in a pink skirt is Jane.

• Where is the book?

 

(3) and的用法

• 数字相加看做单数：Two and three is five.

• 颜色相加也是单数: Black and white is gray.

• 人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are sisters. The pen and the eraser are Jane’s.

 

5. 可数名词单数变复数

 

（1）规则变化

① 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys

② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses

③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families

4）以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife--- knives

 

（2）不规则变化

如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen;

 

（3）集体名词：people, clothes, police, family

 

（4）成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears

 

九. 一词多义：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）.

 

Unit 2 Looking Different

 

【重点短语】

 

1. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物给某人

Please give it to her.

2. look the same 长相相同

look different 长相不同，看起来不一样

3. look like 看起来像

He looks like his father. = He and his father look the same.

4. next to 在……旁边

The boy next to me is my good friend.

5. in +颜色 穿着……颜色的衣服

in +a/an +颜色+衣服 穿着……颜色的……

The boy in a yellow T-shirt and gray pants is my good friend.

6. (1) both两者都（be动词之后，实义动词之前）

They both have brown hair and black eyes.

They are both office workers.

(2)all 三者或三者以上都

They are all kind to me.

7. 数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.

two big red apples

She has short blond hair.

 

 

【重点句型】

 

1. Who is your favorite actor?

2. We are in the same school, but we are in different grades.

3. What do/does +主语+look like? ……长得怎么样？

---What does he look like?

--- He is not very tall but very strong.

4. We don’t look the same, but we are good friends.

We look the same, but we are in different clothes.

5. ---What color is/are +主语？---It’s/ They’re +颜色.

---What color is her hair? ---It’s blond.

6. This is my cap. = This cap is mine.

Is this your cap? = Is this cap yours?

---Whose cap is this? = Whose is this cap? --- It’s Sally’s.

---Whose are these bananas? --- They’re their bananas/ theirs.

7. His pants are blue and mine are white.(mine=my pants)

My T-shirt is green and his is brown.(his=his T-shirt)

 

【重点语法】

 

 

1. 动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式

 

（1）主语是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单一的人；单一的名字；单一的事物），动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：

 

① 一般情况直接加“s”，如：come---comes，meet---meets

② 动词以o，s，sh，ch, x结尾，加“es”，如：do--does; go--goes; teach--teaches

③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es, 如：study--studies, fly--flies, try--tries

④ 特殊情况：have--has

 

（2）句型转换

 

① 当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加doesn’t, 动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。

一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+does；否定回答：No, 人称代词+doesn’t.

如：She has small eyes.

---She doesn’t have small eyes.

---Does she have small eyes?

---Yes, she does. /No, she doesn’t.

② 当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句，在动词前加don’t，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+do；否定回答：No，人称代词+don’t.

They have small eyes.

---They don’t have small eyes.

--- Do they have small eyes?

---Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

 

2. 表示所属关系

 

（1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

 

形容词性物主代词 my your his her our their its

名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers ours theirs its

 

• --Whose is this pen? Is it yours?

• --No, it’s not mine. My pen is blue.

 

（2）名词所有格

 

① 用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：

 

• 单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s，如：Jane’s book；Women’s Day

• 以s结尾的复数+’如：Teachers’Day

• Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 分有

Lucy and Lily’s room 共有

Those are Jane’s shoes.= Those shoes are Jane’s.

 

② of 表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：a map of China；a photo of my family

 

Unit3 Getting Together

 

【重点短语和句型】

1. Could you please + 动词原形……？用来表示委婉的请求

---Could you please tell me your name?

--- Sure/ No problem. My name is Sally.

--- Sorry.

2. tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事

tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事

Please tell me your name. = Please tell your name to me.

Please tell Maria about it. 请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。

3. help sb. do sth.= help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人，帮助某人做某事

Please help us find him.

Could you please help me with English?

= Could you please help me study English?

4. want to do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做某事

want sth. = would like sth. 想要某物

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做……

He wants to visit Beijing. = He would like to visit Beijing.

I want/would like an orange.

Jane wants Kangkang to sing some songs with her.

5. show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth. 把某物展示给某人看

Maria shows a photo of her family to Kangkang.

6. My English is very good. =I can speak English very well.

7. live in+ 地点 居住在某地

live with + sb. 和某人住

He live in China with his parents.

8. know a lot about…… 知道许多关于……的事

He knows a lot about China.

9. say表示说话的内容，speak表示说某种语言的能力

What does he say in the letter?

He can speak some English.

10. 对事物的喜欢程度

like……very much/a lot 非常喜欢

like……a little 有点喜欢

don’t like……at all 一点都不喜欢

Many students in our class like English a lot, but I like it a little.

He doesn’t like chocolate at all.

11. a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词

I have a lot of English books.

12. every day 每天

each other 相互

some of them 他们中的一些

eat out 下馆子，到外面吃饭

13. play with sb. 和某人一块玩耍

like to do/doing sth. 喜欢(做)某事

She likes to play with Kitty.

14. Help yourself/yourselves to sth. 随便吃(喝)……

15. be kind to sb. 对某人很友好

They are all kind to me. 他们对我很友好。

It’s very kind of you. 你真好。

16. be glad to do sth. 很高兴(乐意)做……

I am very glad to be here. 我很乐意在这里。

Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。

17. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

Let me see.让我想一想。

Let us help you find him. 让我们帮助你找到他。

18. I am home. 我到家了。

Maria isn’t at home/in now. 玛丽亚现在不在家。

Welcome to my home. 欢迎来我家。

It’s time to go home. 该回家了。

 

 

【单元知识点详解】

 

1. 实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答

---Does he speak English?

-- Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.

 

2. 询问职业及工作地点

---What does your mother do?(书面) /What is your mother?(口语)

--- She is an English teacher.

 

---Where does she work?

--- She works/ teaches/studies in a school / hospital / restaurant /

3. 介绍家人

This is a photo of my family.

The young woman in red is my mother.

Is the young woman in red your mother?(变一般疑问句)

Who is the young woman in red?(对划线部分提问)

My grandparents, my cousin and I are>I have a big family. 我有一个大家庭。

I love my family. 我爱我的家。

 

4. 就餐表达语

1) ---Would you like something to drink ? 想不想喝些东西？

---Yes, a glass of apple juice , please. / No, thanks.

something to drink 一些喝的东西

something to eat 一些吃的东西

 

2) ---What would you like to have / eat / drink ? 你想吃（喝）些什么？

---I’d like some rice and chicken. / Let me see. 我想想看。

 

3) Would you like to have dinner with me? 想和我共进晚餐吗？

---Yes, I’d love to. / Yes, I’d like to.

--- I’m sorry, I have to…

 

4) ---What do you usually have for breakfast? 你通常早餐吃什么？

---I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.

have…for breakfast/ lunch / dinner 早/午/晚餐吃......

 

5) ---May I take your order, sir? 请问，要点菜了吗？

---Fish with vegetables and rice , please.

 

6) May I help you ? = Can I help you ? =What can I do for you ?请问要吃/喝/买些什么？

 

5. 委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达

Would you like sth. / to do…? 你愿意/想……？

What / How about sth. / doing…? ……怎么样？

Why not do…? 为什么不……？

Let’s do…! 让我们干……吧！

Why don’t you do…? 为什么不……？

肯定回答:Yes, I’d like/love to. /Good idea. /OK. / All right./ I’d love that.

 

 

 

 

否定回答: No, thanks. / I’m sorry I can’t, I have to do…/ I’d like that, but I’m sorry I have no time.

 

 

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