高考英语真题分类汇编与考势分析：书面表达（提纲类作文、读后续写、概要写作）

一、考纲解读

高考考纲

近4年考情

命题规律

命题趋势

提纲类作文：

要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：

（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；

（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

1. 2021 1月（提纲类作文，致辞）

2. 2021 6月（提纲类作文，宣传稿）

3. 2020 1月（提纲类作文，邀请信，邮件）

4. 2020 7 月（提纲类作文，邀请信，邮件）

5. 2019（感谢信）

6. 2018（求职信，邀请信）

要求考生根据所给情境，写一篇80-100词左右的短文。情境包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情境的方式多以提纲为主。

体裁以应用文为主，内容贴近学生生活，可能会涉及传统文化、学校生活、公益活动、动物或环境保护等。

二、备考建议

1. 坚持一周一篇或两篇应用文写作。

2. 积累常用词汇和句式，尤其是简单基本句式，写好简单句。

3. 背诵课文段落和范文，学会模仿一些高级句式和表达。

4. 增强审题训练。

5. 练习书写，达到整洁美观的程度。

三、浙江省新高考真题汇编

1 .假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示感谢；

2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；

3. 临别祝愿。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Dear Alex,

Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon, I’m eagerly writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.

Honestly speaking, it’s so nice of you to offer me a class of practical learning skills. Under your professional guidance, I have made such unbelievable progress in English. It’s indeed a pleasant surprise for me to even rank first in a recent English speech contest. Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence. No words are strong enough to convey how grateful I am.

Thanks again and wish you a pleasant journey home.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

本文是应用文写作任务，要求写一封感谢信。1. 审题立意本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写感谢信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。2.谋篇布局书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段回顾Alex对你的帮助；最后一段表达祝愿。3. 关键词和句子根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和句子有：leaving for the United States soon，express my heartfelt gratitude，unbelievable progress，cheer me up。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。

【点睛】

本文开门见山，表达了写信的目的；之后详细介绍了Alex对自己的帮助，详略得当，内容完整，同时使用了高级词汇和高级句子。高级词汇：eagerly，heartfelt gratitude，Honestly speaking，professional guidance等；高级句式：Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence.使用了让步状语从句和定语从句。

2 .假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Dear Peter,

I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. How are you feeling now?

I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause. If only you had been there.

We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，向因病假回国休假的外教老师询问近况，分享消息和表达祝愿。

第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。结构：三段式结构。第一段询问近况；第二段告知班级消息；第三段表达祝愿。要求：1.询问近况（How are you feeling now?）2.告知班级消息（my good news; performed a song which you taught us）3.表达祝愿（wish you a quick and complete recovery）

第二步:列提纲（重点词组）be sorry to do; on sick leave; sweep away; as soon as; give sb. warm applause; recovery

第三步：连词成句1. I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave.2. I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease.3. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.4. We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

第四步：润色修改

【点睛】

范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。

1.作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave.( 听说你请病假回家了，我很难过。)这句话运用了that 引导宾语从句。Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival.(上个月，我们学校举办了英语节，我们班在节上表演了一首您教我们的歌曲。)这句话运用了which引导限制性定语从句。As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause.(我们一唱完这首歌，所有的观众都给了我们热烈的掌声。)这句话中as soon as引导时间状语从句。2.使用了一些固定词组，如be sorry to do; on sick leave; sweep away; as soon as; give sb. warm applause等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。

3 .假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:1.比赛时间；2.演讲话题；3.报名方式。注意:1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Dear George,I'm writing to invite you to join us in the “Chinese speech contest for foreigners” to be held in our school. The activity is scheduled at 8:00 a.m. on January 20th in the lecture hall.The theme of the speech contest is “differences between eastern and western customs”, through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile strengthen their love of China.Immensely fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can, undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. You are expected to sign up for the contest at www. Chinesespeechcontestforforeigners.com. I'd appreciate it if you could accept our invitation.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】

这是一篇应用文写作。第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:1.比赛时间；2.演讲话题；3.报名方式。第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）：Chinese speech contest（中文演讲比赛）；be scheduled（安排）；be bound to（必然）；gain a better understanding of（更好地了解）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】

范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如The theme of the speech contest is “differences between eastern and western customs”, through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile strengthen their love of China.运用了定语从句；I'd appreciate it if you could accept our invitation.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。

4 .假定你是李华，乘坐FL753航班抵达伦教后发现钱包遗失。请给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括：1. 行程信息；2. 钱包特征；3. 联系方式。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Dear Sir/ Madam,I am writing to report the loss of my wallet. On 1st November, 2018 I flew business class on your flight 753 from China to London.I clearly remember it was with me immediately I boarded the plane. However, on arrival in London Heathrow Airport, I found it gone. I guess it must have slipped out of my pocket during the flight. It is a black leather one with around 200 dollars, my ID card, and 2 credit cards in it. Along with the items mentioned above, the wallet contains a family photo, my precious memory. As you can imagine, these matter a lot to me.Has anybody happened to find it? Please email me at xxx@googlemail.comThank you for your time and support.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇考查的写作类型是求助信

第一步：根据提示可知，本文是一封求助信。李华乘坐FL753航班抵达伦教后发现钱包遗失，要求给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括：1.行程信息；2. 钱包特征；3. 联系方式。

第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：I am writing to report the loss of my wallet. boarded the plane, on arrival…, I found it gone. it must have……Has anybody happened to find it? Thank you for your time and support.第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。时态以一般现在时为主，一般过去时为辅。第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】

【高分句型1】

What’s worse, my cash, ID card, and 2 credit cards were in it. 更糟的是，里面有我的现金，身份证和两张信用卡。What’s worse意为“更糟糕的是”，连接并列两个坏的东西，且后面一个更严重。

【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if you could help me to get it back. 如果你能帮我把它拿回来，我会很感激的。I’d appreciate it if…如果……我会很感激的。

5 .假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：

（1）口语能力：

（2）相关经验；

（3）应聘目的。

注意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

One possible version:Dear Sir or Madam,My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association.I have a good command of English and have been to the USA twice. So I can communicate well with native speakers of English. What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with foreign students.I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my oral English capabilities and interpersonal communication skills.Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封申请信。第一步：根据提示可知，学校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。要求写封应聘信，内容包括：1. 口语能力：2. 相关经验；3.应聘目的。第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词、短语和句子：I’m writing to apply for…，a good command of English，communicate with，get along with等。第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，本文时态应以现在时为主，人称为第一人称。第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

6 .假定你是李华，得知外教Mr. Hall今年寒假不回国，想邀请他到你家过春节。请给他写一封信，内容包括：1.时间2.一同过节的家人3.活动注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

Dear Mr. Hall,I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January 19. It’s traditionally a time for family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be there. We’ll make dumplings together and have a big dinner. We’ll also play card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV. You may even get a gift from my parents. If you’re able to come, I’ll go and pick you up at your place.

Best wishes

Li Hua

【解析】

本文是一篇书信类作文。要求给外教Mr. Hall写封信，邀请他到你家过春节。

第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍同学们的听说训练情况；2. 希望提供更有效的学习方法;3. 询问对方的意向。

第二步:列提纲celebrate the Spring Festival， have a big dinner，make dumplings，able to come，pick up

第三步：连词成句1. I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January19.2. We’ll make dumplings together and have a big dinner.3. We’ll also play card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala onTV.4. If you’re able to come, I’ll go and pick you up at your place.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）表因果关系：so连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

【点睛】

【高分句型1】

I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January 19. 本句是典型的书信开头句，表达写信的目的。[高分句型2]It’s traditionally a time for family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be there.本句是so连接的并列句。[高分句型3]If you’re able to come, I’ll go and pick you up at your place.if在本句引导条件状语从句。

第一节应用文写作

7.假定你是李华，计划组织一次郊游，请给你的英国朋友Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：

1. 参加者；

2. 时间、地点；

3. 活动：登山、野餐等。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

Dear Chris,

How are you doing? I am writing to invite you to a tour to the Green Hill this Saturday. As planned, we will leave by bus at 7:00 am at the school gate. About two hours will be spent climbing the mountain. After that we will have a picnic by the lake at the foot of the mountain.

Up till now, 3 boys and 4 girls have joined the team. I do hope that you could join us because Green Hill is such a fun place to relax and surely we will have a great time. However, if you don’t have spare time for this trip, it is fine. It’s just up to you.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

本篇考查的作文类型是邀请信。

本应用文贴近学生实际生活，虽然是命题作文，但还是保持一定的开放程度，形式是邮件，符合当今人们常见的信息交流方式。根据提示要求，本文要涵盖以下三点内容，1. 参加者；2.时间、地点；3. 活动：登山、野餐等。考生需要认真谋篇，紧扣提示，准确全面地表达所要求的内容，在合适的地方拓展细节，使行文连贯。作为邀请信，要求语言得体，邀请的语气诚恳，有礼貌。时态可以用一般现在时和一般将来时。人称以第一人称为主，第二人称为辅。

【点睛】

【高分句型1】I’m very honored to invite you to join us touring to the Green Hill this Saturday. 我非常荣幸邀请您加入这周六我们到绿山的旅行。I’m very honored to...非常荣幸做某事

【高分句型2】I hope you can take my advice into consideration. 我希望你能考虑一下我的建议。运用宾语从句，take…into consideration顾及；考虑到……

8 .假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 介绍活动安排；3. 表达祝愿。注意：1. 词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

Distinguished guests:On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school. As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school. Furthermore, our classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methods. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming. May you have an unforgettable experience.

【解析】

本文是一篇应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向即将到校的新西兰学生致欢迎辞。

第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍活动安排；3．表达祝愿。

第二步:列提纲（重点词组）on behalf of; would like to; convey; sincere welcome; be of significance; splendid; be worthy of; appreciate; teaching methods; canteen; extremely expect; unforgettable

第三步：连词成句1. On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.2. At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school.3. As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school.4. Furthermore, our classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teaching methods.5. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.6. As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming. 7. May you have an unforgettable experience.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：at first2.表并列补充关系：Furthermore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。

【点睛】

[高分句型1] As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2] After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students. (运用了强调句型)

9 .昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传，内容包括：1. 展览时间、地点；2. 观展感受；3. 推荐观展。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【答案】

ln order to enrich students’ after-school life ,an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school , which sparks a growing love for traditional art .The exhibition is held on the first floor of the school litrary.Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also enable you understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. The exhibition will last for two weeks,every student is welcome to visit.

【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇关于学校举办的学生国画作品展的宣传稿。1.词汇积累绘画：drawing→ painting激发：spirit→spark欣赏：appreciate→admire欢迎：greet→welcome2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：The exhibition will last for two weeks,every student is welcome to visit.合并句：The exhibition will last for two weeks,during which every student is welcome to visit.

【点睛】

【高分句型1】an exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school , which sparks a growing love for traditional art .本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句。

【高分句型2】Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句。

【高分句型 3】Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures,but also enable you understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. not only...but also连接的并列句。

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