八年级英语上册期中复习讲义

（一）重点单词

［单词复习］

1.exercise

用作动词，意为“锻炼，运动”。用作不可数名词，表示“锻炼，运动”，如do/take exercise（做运动/锻炼身体）。表示“练习，体操”时，是可数名词，用复数形式，如do morning exercises（做早操），do eye exercises（做眼保健操）等。

［即学即练］

My sister _____（exercise）in the park every morning.

2.different

形容词，意为“不同的，有区别的”。常用短语be different from…表示“与……不同”，其名词形式为difference，意为“不同，差异，区别”。

［即学即练］

There’s only one _____(different) between these two hats.

3.famous

形容词，意为“著名的，出名的”。常用短语be famous for…表示“因……而出（著）名”。

［即学即练］

Guilin is famous _____ its mountains and rivers.

4.although

连词，意为“虽然，即使，纵然”，引导状语从句，相当于though。注意句子中用了though或although，就不再用连词but。

［即学即练］

I have a bike, but I often walk to work.（同义句转换）

_____ I have a bike, I often walk to work.

5.make

使役动词(make, let, have等)的宾语补足语都不带to，要用动词原形。

［即学即练］

1) —How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?

—It makes me _____ very proud.

A.felt B.to feel C.feeling D.feel

2）Every time I feel sad, he can always make me _____(laugh).

6.help

help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事。在help之后作宾语补足语的动词不定式有to无to均可。

同义短语为help sb.with sth.。

［即学即练］

My healthy lifestyle helps me _____(get) good grades.

7.keep

动词，意为“保持”，其后可接形容词作表语。如keep busy/healthy/calm等。

［即学即练］

If you want to keep _____（健康）, you should eat more fruit and vegetables.

8.情态动词must, should, have to

［即学即练］

1) You must _____(wear) the seat belt when you are driving.

2) Mike has a sore throat.I think he should _____(drink) some hot tea with honey.

3) The students have to _____(walk) there, though it’s a bit far.

9.take, pay, cost, spend

take作“需要，花费”解时，常用于时间和金钱，主语一般是“It”。

pay 作“花费，付”解时，只用于“钱”，用“人”作主语，其后接“钱”作宾语。常以pay…for形式出现。

cost作“花费”解时，常用于“时间和钱”。主语一般是“物”。

spend作“花费”解时，常用于“时间和钱”。主语通常是“人”。它有spend…on…和spend…(in) doing两种形式，而spend…on…常用于“花钱”，spend…(in) doing则常用于“花时间”。

［即学即练］

1) —How much did you _____ for the doll?

—It _____ me thirty yuan.

A.pay; cost B.pay; paid

C.cost; cost D.cost; pay

2) Lily likes fashionable things.She _____ lots of time _____ new clothes.

A.takes; buying B.spend; buying

C.take; to buy D.spends; buying

3) How long does it _____ you to go to the post office?

A.take B.cost C.pay D.spend

4) I spend about an hour doing my homework every day.（同义句转换）

It _____ _____ about an hour _____ _____ my homework every day.

10.动词宾语

在英语中，有些动词后面必须接动词不定式（to do），有些必须接动名词(v-ing)，还有些既可接动名词又可接不定式。这些较特殊的用法，同学们必须牢牢记住：

practice, finish, enjoy等动词后必须接动名词作宾语。

want, would like, hope, decide, plan 等动词后必须接不定式作宾语。

［即学即练］

1)—The boys of Class Two are going to the seaside this weekend.

—Ur, remember _____ them _____ in the sea alone.It’s dangerous.

A.to tell; not to swim

B.telling; swimming

C.to tell; swimming

D.telling; to not swim

2)If you feel tired, you may stop _____.

A.have a rest

B.to have a rest

C.having a rest

3)I enjoy _____ my bike in the mountains.It’s not always easy, but exciting.

A.ride B.rode C.to ride D.riding

4)—Linda, when shall we take a walk?

—After I finish _____ the dishes.

A.wash B.washed C.to wash D.washing

5)We practiced _____（唱）English songs for one and a half hours today.

6) Does he want _____（go）to America with you?

7) Jack hopes _____(get) an autograph（亲笔签名）from Liu Xiang.

8) What do they plan _____(do)?

9) Her daughter likes _____(sing) very much.

10) I forgot _____(call) Alan! He must be waiting for my call the whole day.

（二）重点短语

［短语复习］

动词短语

1.look after 照顾，照看；look for 寻找；look at看；look like 看起来像……

［即学即练］

My little dog is lost.My parents and I are looking _____ it everywhere.

Larry’s mother is ill.He has to look _____ her at home.

2.go sightseeing观光，go camping去野营，go swimming 去游泳等

［即学即练］

Let’s go _____(fish) tomorrow.

3.get to=arrive in/at ＝reach到达

［即学即练］

1）What time can we get _____ the town if we take this train?

2）My brother is arriving _____ Beijing next Tuesday.

3）Every morning I arrive at the hospital at about seven.（同义句转换）

Every morning I _____ the hospital at about seven.

4）How did you get to Tokyo, Japan?（选出与划线部分意思相同或相近的选项）

A.reach B.visit C.read D.go

4.think about 思考，考虑

［即学即练］

My father thinks about _____(go) to Japan this summer.

5.Thanks for… 为……而感谢

［即学即练］

Thank you for _____(send) me this beautiful card.

6.leave for 动身去……/leave …for…离开……去……

［即学即练］

I’m leaving Shanghai _____ Sydney tomorrow.

7.be good for, be good to, be good at, be good with

be good for… 意为“有益于……”，其反义短语是be bad for。

be good to… 对……亲切，相当于be kind to…。

be good at... 与do well in... 都是“擅长，在某方面做得好”的意思。

be good with sb.擅长与某人打交道

［即学即练］

1）My brother is better _____ math and physics than me.

2）Running is good _____ your health.

3）Are you good _____ kids? We need you to teach children 5-10.

4）Are you good at _____(play) soccer?

其他短语

1.the same as…和……相同

be different from… 与……不同

［即学即练］

1）My deskmate gets the same grade in the Chinese test I .

2）My lifestyle is very different _____ hers.

3）Lucy’s new hat isn’t the same as mine.（同义句转换）

Lucy’s new hat is _____ _____ mine.

2.something different 不同的事情

形容词修饰不定代词时要放在其后。

［即学即练］

1) Can you see different anything between these two books? （改错）

2) —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.

—OK, let’s give him _____ to eat.

A.something different

B.different anything

C.anything different

D.different something

3.not…until 直到……才

［即学即练］

My mother didn’t go to bed _____ I got back home.

A.where B.until C.but D.while

4.too much, much too

too much 表示 “太多（的），过多（的）”，常用作定语修饰不可数名词。

much too 表示“太……”。此短语中 much 加强了too的程度，本短语具有副词功能，用来修饰形容词或副词。

［即学即练］

1）There is _____ rain and it’s _____ cool this summer.

A.too much; too much

B.too much; much too

C.much too; much too

D.much too; too much

2）你不应该喝太多的咖啡。

You _____ drink _____ coffee.

5.how often 意为“多久一次”，用于提问频率，答语常含有once/twice a week, every day, often, never 等。

how many 意为“多少”，用于提问可数名词的数量。

how much意为“多少”，用于提问不可数名词的数量。

how long意为“多久，多长”，既可用于提问时间的长短，也可用于提问物体的长度。

how far意为“多远”，用于提问距离。

［即学即练］

对划线部分提问

1) I go to the gym once a month.

_____ _____ _____you _____ to the gym?

2) Holly is staying in Hawaii for two weeks.

_____ _____ Holly _____ in Hawaii?

3) The bridge is around 200 meters.

_____ _____ _____ the bridge?

4) It’s two kilometers from the hotel to the bus station.

_____ _____ _____ _____ from the hotel to the bus station?

5) I spend two hours doing my homework every evening.

_____ _____ hours do you spend doing your homework every evening?

对划线部分提问时，可按一定、二移(或加)、三变化、四删除的步骤进行。

第一步“定”，就是根据划线部分的内容确定适当的疑问词。如问时间用when或what time，问地点用where，问价钱用howmuch，问年龄用how old，问原因用why，问“做什么事”用what…do/does/did等。

第二步“移(或加)”，就是将句子结构改为一般疑问句的形式，如果谓语部分含有系动词be,助动词be,will,have或情态动词时，则将这类动词移到句首。如果谓语动词是行为动词，则需在主语前加助动词do，does或did。但如果划线部分是原句的主语或主语部分的定语，则不需进行这一步。

第三步“变化”，即对句子中某些词作相应的变化，除了将谓语动词变为动词原形外，还要注意将原句中句首单词(专有名词除外)的首字母改为小写，将句中的some变为any，将句号变为问号等。

第四步“删除 ”，就是去掉被疑问词替换的划线部分的词。

陈述句变一般疑问句的顺口溜：

一提（加），二改，三问号？

一提是指把be（am, is, are, was, were）动词或情态动词（can, may, must等）提前；二改是把第一人称改为第二人称；三问号是在句尾加上问号。

如果句子中没有可以提前的be动词或情态动词，就要在句首加助动词，这就是我们所说的“一加”。并把原来的动词改为动词原形。一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时需加助动词does，当主语是其他人称时，无论单、复数都加助动词do。一般过去时中，不管主语是第几人称一律加did。

把下列句子变为一般疑问句。

1）Mr Wang is a friendly teacher.

2）Mike likes apples very much.

3）Lily went to Beijing last week.

4）I can sing English songs.

肯定句变否定句：

肯定句变否定句时，如句子中有be动词或情态动词，就可以在be动词或情态动词后直接加not变为否定句。

如果没有be动词或情态动词，就要加助动词don’t, doesn’t或didn’t将其变为否定句。并把原来句子中的动词变为动词原形。

把下列句子变为否定句：

1) I have a dog.

2) She likes reading books.

3) They went to the park last week.

4) We are doing our homework.

5) I can speak a little French.

（三）重点句型

［句型复习］

1.What’s the matter (with you)?

What’s wrong?

What’s the trouble?

［即学即练］

1）Miss Morgan has a sore back.（对划线部分提问）

_____ _____ with Miss Morgan?

2）— _____?

—Nothing serious, but kind of tired.

A.What’s that

B.Is there anything else

C.Is that all

D.What’s the matter with you

2.—How does Bob get to school?

—He takes the train.

［即学即练］

1）Alan went to Mr White’s home by bus.（对划线部分提问）

_____ _____ Alan _____ to Mr White’s home?

2）—Is he going there _____ bike or _____ foot?

—Neither.He is going there by car.

A.on; on B.on; by

C.by; on D.by;by

3）Little Helen walks to school every day.（同义句转换）

Little Helen _____ to school _____ _____ every day.

4）My father usually drives to work.（同义句转换）

My father usually gets to work _____ _____.

3.—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?

—Sure, I’d love to./ I’m sorry, I can’t.I have to help my parents.

［即学即练］

1）—Would you like to go to a movie with us?

— _____, but I must write a letter to my parents.

A.Of course not.

B.That’s all right

C.Yes, I do

D.I’d love to

2）—Today is my birthday.Can you come to my party tonight?

—__________.

A.Don’t worry

B.Sure, I’d love to

C.That’s too bad

D.No, Idon’t know

4.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.

［即学即练］

1）It’s not good _____ late for school.

A.to B.be C.to be D./

2）It’s very difficult for me _____(play) the piano well.

5.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.(A <B )

［即学即练］

Mary isn’t so beautiful as Linda.（同义句转换）

Linda is _____ _____ _____ Mary.推荐初高中生学习平板电脑（家教机）一台好的英语学习机一定是孩子自主学习的好帮手、拥有趣味学习的灵魂、具备因材施教精准学的逻辑、涵盖海量资源应有尽有的福利、实现减负增效一步到位的心声。奇速通英语学习机不仅能对中小学生进行英语听说读写诊断，还能帮助孩子尽快适应新学期节奏，激发出孩子们英语单次阅读的学习兴趣。既解决了家长辅导孩子学习之苦，也能进一步提高孩子孩子的学习动力。