***课文学习***

Lesson 90 What's for supper? 

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What kind of fish are they?

1.美音

nce2-lesson 90 Am English.mp3音频：00:00/01:57

2.英音

nce2-lesson 90 Br English.mp3音频：00:00/01:52

Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain, but as the oceans have been overfished, fish has become more and more expensive. So it comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs. Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work. Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters. The fish are not sharksor killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as much as twelve feet in length. Three factors have caused these fish to grow so large: the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs. As a result, the fish just eat and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water. Who eats who?

 

New words and expressions 生词和短语

chip /tʃip/n.油煎土豆片  

shark /ʃa:k/n.鲨鱼

overfish /'əvvə'fiʃ/v.过度捕捞

whale /weil/n.鲸

giant /'dʒaiәnt/adj.巨大的

variety /və'raiəti/n.品种

terrify /'terifai/v.吓，使恐怖  

cod /kɑd/n.鳕

diver /'daivə/n.潜水员   

skate /skeit/n.鳐

Oil rig /'ɔil-rig/石油钻塔  

factor /'fæktə/n.因素

wit /wit/n.(复数)理智，头脑

crew /kru:/n.全体工作人员

cage /keidʒ/n.笼

 

Notes on the text 课文注释

1.fish and chips，油煎鱼加炸土豆片。这是英国的一种家常菜，被看作是一盘菜，因此要用单数动词。

2.North Sea，北海。

3.who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, (潜水员)常常要在水面100英尺以下摸黑工作(的人员)。这是一个非限定性定语从句，对主句中的名词divers进行补充说明，因此这个从句与主句用逗号隔开。

4.be frightened out of their wits, 被吓昏了，被吓得惊慌失措。

5.favourite eating varieties，深受人们喜爱的食用的品种。

6.as a result，结果是。

 

参考译文

晚餐吃什么？

油煎鱼加炸土豆片一直是英国人喜爱的一道菜，但是随着海洋里的滥捕滥捞，鱼已经变得越来越昂贵。因此，听说北海石油钻井平台上的潜水员受到巨型鱼类的恐吓，确实很让人吃惊。钻井平台需要经常修理，潜水员常常要在水面100英尺以下摸黑工作，他们曾在工作时被撞到他们身上的大鱼吓得惊慌失措。现在他们有了特制的笼子，用来保护他们免受大鱼的侵袭。这些鱼并不是鲨鱼或逆戟鲸，而是深受人们喜爱的食用鱼品种；如鳕鱼和鳐鱼，只不过它们长得出奇地大，有时长达12英尺。这些鱼能长得这么大是由3个因素造成的：海底热的输油管道附近的温暖的海水；钻井平台工作人员抛到海里充足的食物；钻井平台周围根本没有捕鱼船只。结果是，这些鱼就在可爱的温暖的水流中吃呀吃，长呀长。究竟谁吃谁呢？

 

***自学导读***

1.Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain…油煎鱼加炸土豆片一直是英国人喜爱的一道菜……

fish and chips被看做是一个整体，因此，虽然chips是复数形式，它后面却要跟动词的单数形式。（cf.本课词汇学习）dish在这里指“一盘菜”或“菜肴”、“食品”：

I like French dishes.

我喜欢（吃）法国菜。

Would you like a sweet dish?

您要一盘甜食吗？

 

2.…divers…have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.……潜水员……曾在工作时被撞到他们身上的大鱼吓得惊慌失措。

（1）out of one's wits表示“失去理智”、“惊慌失措”：

She was frightened out of her wits by the great fire.

大火吓得她惊慌失措。

Are you out of your wits?

你疯了吗？

（2）bump into的含义之一是“碰上”、“撞上”：

Wandering in darkness, the drunk bumped into a policeman.

那醉汉在黑夜中闲荡时撞到了一个警察的身上。

bump into也可以表示“偶然遇见”、“碰见”（多用于口语）：

I bumped into Jane at the conference.

我开会时碰见了简。

（3）as在这里相当于when或while。

 

3.Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters. 现在他们有了特制的笼子，用来保护他们免受大鱼的侵袭。

（1）have had…made 是使役式的完成式。

（2）protect经常与from或against连用：

He tried to protect the child from the rain/the dog.

他试图使孩子不被雨淋/狗咬。

This coat will protect you against the cold.

这件大衣可以给你御寒。

4.favourite eating varieties, 深受人们喜爱的食用的品种。

eating在这里为形容词，表示“供食用的”，它有时也表示“宜生食的”：

Eating corn is quite sweet.

食用玉米很香甜。

These are eating apples, and those are cooking apples/ones.

这些是生吃的苹果，那些是烹任用的苹果。

 

5.the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs, 钻井平台周围根本没有捕鱼船只。

（1）total在这里表示“完全的”、“彻底的”（相当于complete）：

His letter is a total surprise to her.

他的来信完全出乎她的意料之外。

That girl is a total stranger to me.

我根本不认识那姑娘。

（2）absence of表示“缺少”、“不存在”：

These plants don't grow well because of the absence of rain/sunshine.

由于缺乏雨水/阳光，这些植物长得不好。

6.as a result，结果，因此。

He didn't work hard at mathematics. As a result, he failed in the examination.

他没有用功学数学。因此，他考试没及格。

My husband Spent weeks training our dog to press its paw on the latch. As a result, it has become an expert at opening the gate.

我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练我们的狗用脚爪按住门闩。结果，它现在成了开门的专家。

 

词汇学习 Word study

1.special adj.

（1）特殊的，特别的，独特的：

He received special care while in Paris.

他在巴黎期间受到了特别照顾。

He intends to send you a special gift on your birthday.

他打算在你生日那天送你一份独特的礼物。

（2）专门的，特制的，专用的：

Special cages are made to protect them from giant fish.

为了保护他们免受大鱼的侵袭，人们做了特制的笼子。

A special railway line will be built for the Olympic Games.

为了奥运会，人们将修筑一条铁路专线。

 

2.用and连接的两个名词

（1）当主语是and连接的两个名词时，谓语通常用复数形式：

Jane and Bill have got married last week.

简和比尔于上星期结了婚。

An umbrella and a suitcase are still needed.

还需要一把伞和一只手提箱。

（2）有些名词由于经常在一起连用，人们已把它们看成一个整体（或一个单位），因而成了一种复合名词。它们不仅有固定的词序，且后面的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。这类复合名词包括bacon and eggs（咸肉和鸡蛋），bread and butter（面包和黄油），cheese and wine（奶酪和葡萄酒），fish and chips（鱼和油炸土豆片），a knife and fork（一副刀叉），sausage (s) and mash（香肠和土豆泥）。

Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain.

鱼和炸土豆片在英国是颇受欢迎的食品。

Bacon and eggs is my favourite dish.

咸肉和鸡蛋是我爱吃的一道菜。

但是，如果我们把这两个名词看成是分开的东西，动词就要用复数：

Fish and chips make a good meal.

鱼和炸土豆片就是一顿美餐。

因此，谓语动词在这些名词后面究竟用单数还是复数形式还需要看具体情况。

 

***视频讲解***

 

 

 

***课文练习答案***

1.关键句型练习答案

B 1 They have had special cages made to protect the divers from these monsters.

2 The oil companies have had the rigs repaired frequently.

3 The divers often have to work in total darkness.

4 He has had a book published.

5 We have to protect fish stocks.

6 We have not had the letter sent to his new address.

7‘I will have the package sent to you,’she promised.

8 Do you have to go so soon?

9 Are you going to have this suit cleaned?

10 When will you have this loose handle fixed?

11 I have to take this cap in to have new brakes fitted.

12 How long is it since you had to see a doctor?

13 The doctor told me I had to get more exercise.

2.难点练习答案

1 is 2 is 3 are 4 Is 5 have

3.多项选择题答案

1. b

根据课文第1-3行可以判断，只有b.与课文所暗示的情形相符合，并能说明为什么“听说北海石油钻井平台上的潜水员受到大雨的恐吓，让人很吃惊”的原因。而其他3个选择都不能说明这个原因。所以选b.

b.雨已经很少见了。

c. it is not common for fist to grow very large.雨长得很大已经不常见了。

2. c

根据课文第6-7行可以判断出只有c. the fish are huge(鱼是巨大的)是课文所暗示的情形，并能说明为什么“潜水员受到惊吓”，其他3个选择虽然都是课文所提及的内容，但不是潜水员受到惊吓的原因，所以都不对，只有c.是正确的答案。

3. c

该句中的These eating varieties(这些食用品种)指的是鱼类，它的大小不应该用“深度”来衡量。因此b. depth 和d. deep都不符合题目意思。

a. length(长度)，和c. long(长)都符合题目意思，但a.不符合语法，应该是in length 才对。

c.合乎语法，twelve feet long就等于twelve feet in length,所以只有c是对的。

4. c

前一句中的total absence of 意为“一点没有”、“根本没有”，本句需要一个与它含义相同的词。a. few, b. a few 都与a total absence of 含义不符合，因此不对。c. no , d. not 都是不，没有的意思，与a total absence of 含义相同，not 不合乎语法，应该是not any 才正确，所以选c.

5. a

只有选a. ought to be 才符合语法，并与前一句含义相符合。

其他都不符合语法，所以选a.

6. b

本句需要一个合适的介词。

a. as 可以作介词，意思为“作为，如同”;

b. like 可以做介词，意思为“像，如”;

c. similar 是形容词，意思为“相像的，类似的”;

d. resemble(像，类似)是动词;

c.d.都不是介词，不符合题目意思;

a.和b.都是介词，但b.比a更符合题目意思，只有选b. like这个句子意思才更通顺，所以b.是最佳答案。

7. c

只有c. as long as 才能同句中的twelve feet 搭配，as long as twelve feet(长达12尺)。

a. so much as 不能说明长度，

b. longer不合乎语法，因为它不能放在twelve feet前，

d. bigger也不合乎语法，也不合乎题目意思。

8. b

只有选b. are hit by (遭到袭击)这个句子意思才讲得通。a. come over (从远处来，过来，胜过);b. bump off (美国俚语，残杀，杀死);d. are terrifying (正在惊吓)这3个选择都不如b.符合题目意思，所以选b.

9. a

只有选a. surprising (惊人的)才与前一句The report comes as a surprise (这报道使人吃惊)的含义相符合。b. surprised (感到吃惊的)应该以人作主语，所以不能用于这个句子。此句的主语是It. c. delightful (令人高兴的)不符合题目意思;d. shocked (使震惊，震动的)主语也应该是人，所以也不合乎这个句子。

10. d

本句需要选一个同前一句中的词组unnatural sizes (出奇得大)含义相同的形容词，才能使它与前一句意义保持一致。a. expensive (昂贵的);b. overfished (对鱼类过量捕捞的);c. lovely (可爱的);d. huge (巨大的)中，只有d. huge 与unnatural sizes 含义相同，所以选d.

11. d

本句需要一个与前面句子中的terrified (使……受惊吓)含义相近的词或词组。a. terrifying (吓人的);b. at their wits’ end (不知所措，智穷才竭);c. frightening (威胁人的，吓人的);d. frightened out of their wits (吓得惊慌失措)中，只有d 与terrified 的含义最接近。a. 和c. 虽然也有“惊吓”的意思，但它们没有被动的含义，不符合这个句子的要求，所以选d.

12. d

只有选d. keep the fish away (阻止鱼接近)，这个句子才合乎逻辑。a. catch the fish (捕鱼);b. attack sharks and killer whales (攻击鲨鱼或鲸鱼);c. terrify divers (恐吓潜水员)都与课文内容不符，所以选d.