2018-2019学年上学期期末提分压轴卷

高二英语

（考试时间：90分钟  试卷满分：120分）

 

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Sixty-four-year-old Pierre Deom has spent his entire life close to the woods and fields that he loves. Twice a year, his magazine, La Hulotte, focuses on an animal or plant native to the French countryside.

The 100th edition was published in November. The magazine counts more than 150,000 subscribers in many countries, and is doing very well financially. Deom says it all began in January 1972, when he was teaching science in a one-room schoolhouse here. “It upset me how the forests and swamps were beginning to be ruined. The word ‘ecology’ (生态学) didn’t really exist yet Some friends and I wanted to call attention to the issue. So we said, let’s educate the kids. They’re ready to hear our message.” So he took a step into the unknown, planning to publish his nature journal.

Deom does all the research and writing and the illustrations (插图) of the magazine by hand. He combines science and humor in his writing and drawing to describe the daily life and sufferings of his creatures. Animals you might overlook or consider dull are magically and vividly brought to life in La Hulotte. “I try to write about animals and plants that are easy to find because I want kids to put on boots, take a magnifying glass, go to the woods and fields to observe and be amazed by what they find,” Deom says.

And it seems to work. Biologist Jerome Fournier began subscribing to La Hulotte when he was just eight years old. “For me it was the first contact with nature when I was a child. And maybe it’s the beginning for my life of scientist. I think so.”

What’s amazing is its approach. The magazine has realistic drawings and also a little cast of cartoon creatures who comment on things and give a different views. You can read it as an adult or a child; it can be understood on two different levels. So scientists, regular people and children all get something out of it. “It’s extraordinary.” Fournier says, who works at the Museum of Natural History in Paris, where he says La Hulotte has a crazy following.

 

1. What does the underlined word “subscribers” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Readers. B. Editors. C. Sellers. D. Collectors.

2. What’s the purpose of creating the magazine?

A. To make a lot of money.

B. To finish the task of teaching.

C. To enlarge the areas of forests.

D. To promote people’s awareness of ecology.

3. Which words can best describe the magazine La Hulotte?

A. Scientific and interesting.        

B. Magical and dull.

C. Vivid and unreal.         

D. Hard to understand.

 

B

Some people like modern art, while others say that is rubbish. But a cleaner who works in the Tate Gallery in London isn't able to tell the difference. The woman, whose name isn't known, mistook a work of art by the German painter Gustav Metzger for a bag of rubbish, and threw it out with other bags. The plastic bag, which contained pieces of paper and cardboard, was later recovered outside the gallery, but the artist thought that it was too damaged to be put on show again. 78­year­old Mr Metzger explained that the exhibit, which he said was a copy of a similar work he had created in 1960, was meant to show that all art is temporary and “finite (有限的)”.

Embarrassed officials at the museum said that they had had to call a meeting with cleaners to explain which things should not be touched. They would not say whether Mr Metzger would be paid any compensation for the incident. However, to make absolutely sure the same thing would not happen again, they decided to cover Mr Metzger's work every evening with a coloured cloth. In this way the cleaners arriving after the gallery had been closed to the general public would realize they should not touch it.

This is not the first time that museum cleaners have had trouble distinguishing exhibits from rubbish. In 2001, in another London gallery, a cleaner threw away a work by the well­known British artist Damien Hirst. It was an arrangement of empty beer bottles, coffee cups, and overflowing ashtrays, which were meant to indicate the chaos in the life of an artist.

However, cleaners don't always throw things away — sometimes they clean them!  This was the case with a dirty bath, which was on show in a gallery in Germany. Without asking what the bath was doing in the gallery, the cleaners simply scrubbed it clean.

 

4.The officials of the museum covered Mr Metzger's work so that ________.

A. the visitors couldn't get close in the evening

B. they could get recovered soon

C. the cleaners wouldn't make the same mistake

D. they would return to normal

5. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. People have different opinions on modern art.

B. Mr Metzger would be paid much compensation.

C. A work of Damien Hirst was thrown away by a cleaner in 2001.

D. Some modern work is about the chaos of an artist's life.

6. The last paragraph is written to show that________.

A. cleaners often make exhibits as clean as possible

B. cleaners can't always differ exhibits from rubbish

C. exhibits are usually difficult to clean

D. exhibits are not always so beautiful

7. What's the best title of the passage?

A. Cleaners mistake modern art for rubbish

B. Modern art shouldn't be cleaned

C. What makes a great work of art

D. Cleaners don't always throw things away

 

C

Rainforests, it turns out, are not created equal. Take the Amazon rainforest, an area that covers about 7 million square kilometers. But within that huge expanse are all kinds of ecological zones, and some of these zones, says Greg Asner, are a lot more crowded than others.

“Some forests have many species of trees,” he said, “others have few. Many forests are unique from others in terms of their overall species composition…” And all of these different small areas of forest exist within the giant space that is the Amazon Rainforest.

So Asner, using the signature technique called airborne laser-guided imaging spectroscopy, began to map these different zones from the air. “By mapping the traits of tropical forests from above,” he explains, “we are, for the first time, able to understand how forest composition varies geographically.”

The results show up in multicolored maps, with each color representing different kinds of species, different kinds of trees, the different kinds of chemical they are producing and using, and even the amount of biodiversity, the animal and plant species that live within each zone.

Armed with this information, Asner says decision-makers now have “a first-time way to decide whether any given forest geography is protected well enough or not. If not, then new protections can be put in place to save a given forest from destruction.”

Asner says the information is a great way for decision-makers to develop a “cost-benefit ratio type analysis.” Conservation efforts can be expensive, so armed with this information, government leaders can ensure they are making the most of their conservation dollars by focusing on areas that are the most biologically diverse or unique.

The next step, Asner says, is to take his project global, and to put his eyes even higher in the sky, on orbital satellites. “The technique we developed and applied to map Peru is ready to go global.” Asner said. “We want to put the required instrumentation on an Earth-orbiting satellite, to map the planet every month, which will give the best possible view of how the world’s biodiversity is changing, and where to put much needed protections.

 

8. Unequally-created rainforests refer to the fact______.

A. how crowded they are     

B. where they are located

C. when they came into being     

D. what kinds of species they have

9. What can government leaders learn from Asner’s mapping?

A. The cost to conserve forests

B. The chemicals needing for certain forests

C. The forest areas needing special protection

D. The number of animals living in a forest

10. What is Asner planning to do now?

A. To send a satellite to map the world

B. To track the change of biodiversity in the world

C. To develop technology for mapping the globe

D. To advertise his project around the world

11. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Using eyes in the sky to map biodiversity

B. Making a map of big forests in the world

C. Learning about the biodiversity of Amazon forest

D. Protecting the forest from being destructed.

 

D

Its most keen advocates say that global warming is gradually ruining our parts of our planet. But the effects of the phenomenon might be felt more positively a little closer to home, after scientists claimed that it would make flowers smell sweeter.

Some flowers could give out a smell that is nine times more fragrant than they currently produce, according to a report. It says that a temperature increase of between 1℃ and 5℃ will vastly increase the ability of flowers to produce their sweet smells.

The study suggests that plants are able to produce more terpenes (萜烯) — the chemicals that give them their smells — in hotter conditions. Despite the environmental risk linked to climate change, the effect on flowers could also help bee populations as the stronger smells make flowers easier to find and pollinate. It also found that the effect could be more significant in cooler countries such as the UK and would have a strong impact on fruit trees.

The findings come as the unseasonably warm autumn weather this year has led to reports that plants are being "tricked" into blooming early.

Guy Barter described the findings as interesting and said it could have a significant effect on lightly scented flowers. "We think about climate change in terms of rising temperatures and sea levels, but there are more delicate potential effects which we have not thought about," he said.

Last year, experts warned the average global temperature had risen by 0.5℃ in 50 years. They predicted temperatures will increase by 3℃ over the next century, causing a rise in sea levels, flooding, disease outbreaks and mass migration of refugees (难民).

The researchers looked at a variety of plants. In the paper the researchers said, "The species with the highest increases in emissions were those with the lowest fragrance rates. The increases calculated for floral terpene emissions show that very significant increases in the amount of floral scents will likely occur in a warmer world. The rates of floral terpene emission by the end of the century could increase 0.34—9.1 times because of a 5℃ increase in the average maximum temperature during the flowering peak of the season."

 

12. We can infer from the text that in England        .

A. plants bore more fruits in autumn this year

B. the seasons weren’t in order this whole year

C. the autumn of this year was a little cooler

D. plants began to produce flowers early in autumn this year

13. What Barter said indicates that         .

A. every coin has two sides      

B. a miss is as good as a mile

C. don’t claim to know what you don’t know   

D. don’t put the cart before the horse

14. The last paragraph implies that in hotter conditions           .

A. plants will have the lowest fragrance rates

B. plants will send more sweeter chemicals

C. plants will suffer the rising temperature

D. plants will finish their flowering peak soon

15. Which is the best title of the passage?

A. Will plants produce more chemicals in the future?

B. Is it easier to find sweeter flowers everywhere?

C. Could global warming make flowers smell sweeter?

D. Do flowers smell stronger in the cold temperature?

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___16___ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.__17___

Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___18___ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

___19___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

___20___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet.

B. Your quality of sleep improves.

C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.

E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!

 

第二部分　语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节  完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

 

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 　1　is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 　2　 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we 　3　a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 　4　 an object than to spend time and money repairing it. 　5　modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 　6　.

Another cause is our 　7　of disposable (一次性的) products. As 　8　people, we are always looking for 　9　to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 　10　thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also 　11　to the problem. We are 　12　buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 　13　is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 　14　useful possessions to make room for new ones.

All around the world, we can see the 　15　of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 　16　the amount of rubbish and to protect the 　17　, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 　18　, this is not enough to solve our problem.

Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 　19　throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 　20　. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

 

21. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem

22. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products

23. A. face B. become C. observe D. change

24. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw

25. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of

26. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful

27. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division

28. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy

29. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends

30. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve

31. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes

32. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed of

33. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger

34. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away

35. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences

36. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure

37. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands

38. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile

39. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of

40. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising

 

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

An old proverb says, “Friends are like wine; the older, the better. ” So, nowadays many people consider older friends to be ____41____ (important) than new friends. For example, if two pieces of advice ____42____ (give) to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from ____43____old friend, people always tend to adopt the latter one, although the new friend’s advice may be better.

____44____ (disagree) with the old proverb, I believe that new friends are not  ____45____ (necessary) worse than old friends. Why?  Because the ____46____ (long) of time can not determine whether your friendship is better or not.

Once you call someone friend, he must be a reliable person, ____47____ (who) interests are in common with ____48____ (you). As time goes by, a friend’s outside look may change, but the inside characters ____49____him and his interests will not change. It is just these unchangeable characters and interests ____50____ make him a friend to you. Thus, on this point, there is no difference between old and new friends.

 

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

 

Recently, people were moved by a story taking the place in Thailand. It told about a girl whom had a quarrel with her mother and ran away from home. After several days, the girl walked into a restaurant in hungers. A man who was the cook invites her to sit down and then made some delicious food for him. The girl was very surprising. Then the cook told the girl that a woman took a photo and asked him whether he seen the girl. But the woman gave him some money to cook for the girl if she turned up. Until then the girl realized how greatly her mother was and she should be grateful on her.

 

第二节  书面表达（满分25分）

假如你是市某一中学高二学生李华，与在你市学习汉语的美国朋友Jack约好一起去公园滑冰，因家里有事不能赴约。请给他写封邮件表示歉意，说明不能赴约的原因并另约一个时间。

注意：

1. 词数100左右。

2. 应适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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