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小学英语重点语法 100 句实用范例，轻松吃透核心知识点

作者：未知　时间：2025-10-28 阅读：( )

一、基础句型（20 句）​
1. 主谓宾句型​
  1. I eat an apple every morning.（我每天早上吃一个苹果。）​
  • 语法解析：主语（I）+ 谓语（eat）+ 宾语（an apple）基本结构​
  • 核心词：eat (吃)；apple (苹果)；morning (早上)​
  1. My dad drives a car to work.（我爸爸开车去上班。）​
  • 语法解析：第三人称单数主语（My dad）+ 谓语动词三单形式（drives）​
  • 核心词：drive (驾驶)；car (汽车)；work (工作)​
  1. The cat catches a mouse in the kitchen.（猫在厨房里抓老鼠。）​
  • 核心词：catch (抓)；mouse (老鼠)；kitchen (厨房)​
2. 主系表句型​
  1. This flower is very beautiful.（这朵花很漂亮。）​
  • 语法解析：主语（This flower）+ 系动词（is）+ 表语（beautiful）​
  • 核心词：flower (花)；beautiful (漂亮的)​
  1. Those books are mine.（那些书是我的。）​
  • 语法解析：指示代词（Those）+ 名词复数（books）+ 系动词（are）​
  • 核心词：book (书)；mine (我的)​
  1. The weather becomes cold in winter.（冬天天气变冷了。）​
  • 核心词：weather (天气)；cold (冷的)；winter (冬天)​
3. There be 句型​
  1. There is a book on the desk.（桌子上有一本书。）​
  • 语法解析：There be 句型单数形式（就近原则）​
  • 核心词：book (书)；desk (桌子)​
  1. There are five birds in the tree.（树上有五只鸟。）​
  • 语法解析：There be 句型复数形式​
  • 核心词：bird (鸟)；tree (树)​
  1. There will be a party in our class tomorrow.（明天我们班有个派对。）​
  • 核心词：party (派对)；tomorrow (明天)​
4. 祈使句​
  1. Open the window, please.（请打开窗户。）​
  • 语法解析：肯定祈使句（动词原形开头）​
  • 核心词：open (打开)；window (窗户)​
  1. Don’t run in the hallway.（不要在走廊里跑。）​
  • 语法解析：否定祈使句（Don’t + 动词原形）​
  • 核心词：run (跑)；hallway (走廊)​
  1. Let’s play games after class.（课后我们一起玩游戏吧。）​
  • 核心词：play (玩)；game (游戏)；class (课)​
5. 一般疑问句​
  1. Do you like playing football?（你喜欢踢足球吗？）​
  • 语法解析：实义动词一般疑问句（Do + 主语 + 动词原形）​
  • 核心词：like (喜欢)；football (足球)​
  1. Is she your English teacher?（她是你的英语老师吗？）​
  • 语法解析：系动词一般疑问句（Is + 主语 + 表语）​
  • 核心词：English (英语)；teacher (老师)​
  1. Can you swim in the river?（你能在河里游泳吗？）​
  • 核心词：swim (游泳)；river (河)​
6. 特殊疑问句​
  1. What time do you get up?（你几点起床？）​
  • 语法解析：疑问词（What time）引导特殊疑问句​
  • 核心词：time (时间)；get up (起床)​
  1. Where is your school bag?（你的书包在哪里？）​
  • 核心词：where (哪里)；school bag (书包)​
  1. How many pencils do you have?（你有多少支铅笔？）​
  • 核心词：how many (多少)；pencil (铅笔)​
7. 感叹句​
  1. What a lovely dog it is!（多么可爱的狗啊！）​
  • 语法解析：What 引导的感叹句（修饰名词）​
  • 核心词：lovely (可爱的)；dog (狗)​
  1. How fast he runs!（他跑得真快啊！）​
  • 语法解析：How 引导的感叹句（修饰副词）​
  • 核心词：fast (快地)；run (跑)​
二、时态（30 句）​
1. 一般现在时​
  1. She watches TV at 7 p.m. every day.（她每天晚上 7 点看电视。）​
  • 语法解析：第三人称单数谓语动词加 - s (watches)，时间标志 every day​
  • 核心词：watch (看)；TV (电视)；every day (每天)​
  1. They usually go to school by bus.（他们通常坐公交车上学。）​
  • 核心词：usually (通常)；go to school (上学)；bus (公交车)​
  1. The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。）​
  • 核心词：sun (太阳)；rise (升起)；east (东方)​
2. 一般过去时​
  1. I visited my grandparents last weekend.（上周末我去看望了祖父母。）​
  • 语法解析：动词过去式（visited），时间标志 last weekend​
  • 核心词：visit (看望)；grandparent (祖父母)；last weekend (上周末)​
  1. He ate three hamburgers yesterday.（他昨天吃了三个汉堡。）​
  • 核心词：eat (吃，过去式 ate)；hamburger (汉堡)；yesterday (昨天)​
  1. The rain stopped an hour ago.（一小时前雨停了。）​
  • 核心词：rain (雨)；stop (停，过去式 stopped)；hour (小时)​
3. 一般将来时​
  1. We will have a math test tomorrow.（明天我们有数学考试。）​
  • 语法解析：will + 动词原形，时间标志 tomorrow​
  • 核心词：math (数学)；test (考试)；tomorrow (明天)​
  1. My mom is going to buy a new dress for me.（妈妈要给我买一条新裙子。）​
  • 语法解析：be going to + 动词原形（表计划）​
  • 核心词：buy (买)；dress (裙子)；new (新的)​
  1. It will snow in Beijing next month.（下个月北京会下雪。）​
  • 核心词：snow (下雪)；Beijing (北京)；next month (下个月)​
4. 现在进行时​
  1. The children are playing games in the park.（孩子们正在公园里玩游戏。）​
  • 语法解析：be (are)+ 动词 - ing 形式（playing）​
  • 核心词：child (孩子，复数 children)；play (玩)；park (公园)​
  1. My sister is drawing a picture now.（我妹妹现在正在画画。）​
  • 核心词：draw (画)；picture (图画)；now (现在)​
  1. Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.（听！有人在隔壁房间唱歌。）​
  • 核心词：listen (听)；sing (唱歌)；next room (隔壁房间)​
5. 现在完成时（基础版）​
  1. I have finished my homework already.（我已经做完作业了。）​
  • 语法解析：have + 动词过去分词（finished），标志词 already​
  • 核心词：finish (完成)；homework (作业)；already (已经)​
  1. We have lived here for five years.（我们在这里住了五年了。）​
  • 核心词：live (住)；here (这里)；five years (五年)​
  1. She has read this story twice.（这个故事她已经读了两遍了。）​
  • 核心词：read (读，过去分词 read)；story (故事)；twice (两次)​
6. 时态混合运用​
  1. He usually walks to school, but he took a taxi today.（他通常走路上学，但今天坐了出租车。）​
  • 语法解析：一般现在时（walks）+ 一般过去时（took）对比​
  • 核心词：walk (走路)；take a taxi (坐出租车)；today (今天)​
  1. My brother is playing basketball now, and he will have dinner at 6 p.m.（我弟弟现在在打篮球，他晚上 6 点要吃晚饭。）​
  • 语法解析：现在进行时 + 一般将来时衔接​
  • 核心词：basketball (篮球)；dinner (晚饭)​
  1. I have learned English for two years, and I can speak it well now.（我学英语两年了，现在能说得很好。）​
  • 核心词：learn (学)；English (英语)；speak (说)​
补充：时态标志词专项​
  1. I often help my mom with housework.（often - 一般现在时）​
  1. They went to the zoo last Sunday.（last Sunday - 一般过去时）​
  1. We are going to visit the museum next week.（next week - 一般将来时）​
  1. She is dancing in the classroom now.（now - 现在进行时）​
  1. My dad has worked in this company since 2018.（since - 现在完成时）​
  1. The students always do their homework carefully.（always - 一般现在时）​
  1. It rained heavily yesterday evening.（yesterday evening - 一般过去时）​
  1. There will be a concert in our city tomorrow evening.（tomorrow evening - 一般将来时）​
  1. Listen! The birds are singing happily.（Listen - 现在进行时）​
  1. I have never been to Shanghai before.（never - 现在完成时）​
  1. My grandma waters the flowers every morning.（every morning - 一般现在时）​
  1. We had a good time at the party last night.（last night - 一般过去时）​
三、介词（20 句）​
1. 时间介词​
  1. We have lunch at 12 o’clock.（我们 12 点吃午饭。）​
  • 语法解析：at + 具体时间点​
  • 核心词：lunch (午饭)；o’clock (点钟)​
  1. School starts in September.（学校九月份开学。）​
  • 语法解析：in + 月份 / 季节 / 年份​
  • 核心词：start (开始)；September (九月)​
  1. He was born on May 1st, 2015.（他 2015 年 5 月 1 日出生。）​
  • 语法解析：on + 具体日期​
  • 核心词：born (出生)；May (五月)​
2. 方位介词​
  1. The ball is under the chair.（球在椅子下面。）​
  • 核心词：ball (球)；under (在…… 下面)；chair (椅子)​
  1. There is a picture on the wall.（墙上有一幅画。）​
  • 核心词：picture (画)；on (在…… 上面)；wall (墙)​
  1. My school is near the supermarket.（我的学校在超市附近。）​
  • 核心词：school (学校)；near (在…… 附近)；supermarket (超市)​
  1. The bank is across from the hospital.（银行在医院对面。）​
  • 核心词：bank (银行)；across from (在…… 对面)；hospital (医院)​
  1. She is standing between Lily and Lucy.（她站在莉莉和露西之间。）​
  • 语法解析：between...and...（在两者之间）​
  • 核心词：stand (站)；between (在…… 之间)​
3. 方式 / 伴随介词​
  1. I go to school by bike every day.（我每天骑自行车上学。）​
  • 语法解析：by + 交通工具（表方式）​
  • 核心词：by bike (骑自行车)；go to school (上学)​
  1. She writes with a pencil.（她用铅笔写字。）​
  • 语法解析：with + 工具（表伴随）​
  • 核心词：write (写)；with (用)；pencil (铅笔)​
  1. We traveled to Beijing by train last year.（去年我们坐火车去北京旅行了。）​
  • 核心词：travel (旅行)；by train (坐火车)；last year (去年)​
4. 其他常用介词​
  1. Thanks for your help.（谢谢你的帮助。）​
  • 语法解析：thanks for + 名词 / 动名词​
  • 核心词：thanks (谢谢)；help (帮助)​
  1. I am good at playing the piano.（我擅长弹钢琴。）​
  • 语法解析：be good at + 动名词​
  • 核心词：good at (擅长)；piano (钢琴)​
  1. He is looking for his lost key.（他正在找他丢失的钥匙。）​
  • 语法解析：look for（寻找，固定搭配）​
  • 核心词：look for (寻找)；lost (丢失的)；key (钥匙)​
  1. My mom is interested in cooking.（我妈妈对做饭感兴趣。）​
  • 语法解析：be interested in + 动名词​
  • 核心词：interested (感兴趣的)；cook (做饭)​
  1. There are many apples on the tree.（树上有很多苹果。）​
  • 核心词：apple (苹果)；on the tree (在树上，指长在树上)​
  1. A bird is singing in the tree.（一只鸟在树上唱歌。）​
  • 核心词：bird (鸟)；in the tree (在树上，指外来物)​
  1. I usually go shopping with my mom on weekends.（我通常周末和妈妈去购物。）​
  • 核心词：go shopping (购物)；with (和…… 一起)；weekend (周末)​
  1. The library is next to the post office.（图书馆在邮局旁边。）​
  • 核心词：library (图书馆)；next to (在…… 旁边)；post office (邮局)​
  1. We will have a meeting from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.（我们下午 2 点到 4 点要开个会。）​
  • 语法解析：from...to...（从…… 到……）​
  • 核心词：meeting (会议)；from...to... (从…… 到……)​
四、名词（15 句）​
1. 名词单数与复数​
  1. This is a red apple. / These are red apples.（这是一个红苹果。/ 这些是红苹果。）​
  • 语法解析：名词单数（apple）→ 复数（apples）​
  • 核心词：apple (苹果)；red (红色的)​
  1. There is a child in the room. / There are many children in the room.（房间里有一个孩子。/ 房间里有很多孩子。）​
  • 语法解析：不规则复数（child→children）​
  • 核心词：child (孩子)；room (房间)​
  1. I have a toothache because I ate too many candies.（我牙疼，因为我吃了太多糖果。）​
  • 语法解析：不规则复数（tooth→teeth），规则复数（candy→candies）​
  • 核心词：toothache (牙疼)；candy (糖果)​
2. 名词所有格​
  1. This is Tom’s book.（这是汤姆的书。）​
  • 语法解析：单数名词所有格（名词 +'s）​
  • 核心词：Tom (汤姆)；book (书)​
  1. These are the students’ desks.（这些是学生们的课桌。）​
  • 语法解析：复数名词所有格（名词 s+'）​
  • 核心词：student (学生)；desk (课桌)​
  1. My grandma’s garden is very beautiful.（我奶奶的花园很漂亮。）​
  • 核心词：grandma (奶奶)；garden (花园)；beautiful (漂亮的)​
3. 不可数名词​
  1. There is some water in the bottle.（瓶子里有一些水。）​
  • 语法解析：不可数名词（water）前用 some 修饰​
  • 核心词：water (水)；bottle (瓶子)​
  1. I need a little milk for my breakfast.（我早餐需要一点牛奶。）​
  • 语法解析：不可数名词（milk）前用 a little 修饰​
  • 核心词：milk (牛奶)；breakfast (早餐)​
  1. She has much homework to do tonight.（她今晚有很多作业要做。）​
  • 语法解析：不可数名词（homework）前用 much 修饰​
  • 核心词：homework (作业)；tonight (今晚)​
4. 名词搭配​
  1. a cup of tea（一杯茶） /two cups of tea（两杯茶）​
  • 语法解析：不可数名词量化表达（数词 + 量词 + of + 名词）​
  1. a piece of paper（一张纸） /three pieces of paper（三张纸）​
  1. a bowl of rice（一碗米饭） /five bowls of rice（五碗米饭）​
  1. a box of chocolates（一盒巧克力） /four boxes of chocolates（四盒巧克力）​
  1. a pair of shoes（一双鞋） /six pairs of shoes（六双鞋）​
五、连词（15 句）​
1. 并列连词​
  1. I like apples and bananas.（我喜欢苹果和香蕉。）​
  • 语法解析：and 表并列关系（肯定句）​
  • 核心词：like (喜欢)；apple (苹果)；banana (香蕉)​
  1. He has no pen or pencil.（他没有钢笔也没有铅笔。）​
  • 语法解析：or 表并列关系（否定句）​
  • 核心词：pen (钢笔)；pencil (铅笔)​
  1. She is tired, but she still keeps working.（她很累，但仍然继续工作。）​
  • 语法解析：but 表转折关系​
  • 核心词：tired (累的)；still (仍然)；work (工作)​
  1. You can go by bus, or you can walk there.（你可以坐公交车去，或者走路去那里。）​
  • 语法解析：or 表选择关系​
  • 核心词：by bus (坐公交车)；walk (走路)​
2. 从属连词​
  1. I will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.（如果明天不下雨，我就去公园。）​
  • 语法解析：if 引导条件状语从句​
  • 核心词：park (公园)；rain (下雨)；tomorrow (明天)​
  1. When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.（当我长大后，我想成为一名医生。）​
  • 语法解析：when 引导时间状语从句​
  • 核心词：grow up (长大)；doctor (医生)​
  1. She didn’t go to school because she was ill.（她没去上学，因为她生病了。）​
  • 语法解析：because 引导原因状语从句​
  • 核心词：go to school (上学)；ill (生病的)​
  1. He runs faster than I do.（他跑得比我快。）​
  • 语法解析：than 引导比较状语从句​
  • 核心词：fast (快地)；run (跑)​
3. 连词句型拓展​
  1. Both my brother and I like playing football.（我和弟弟都喜欢踢足球。）​
  • 语法解析：both...and...（两者都）​
  • 核心词：brother (弟弟)；football (足球)​
  1. Not only he but also his sister likes music.（不仅他，他妹妹也喜欢音乐。）​
  • 语法解析：not only...but also...（不仅…… 而且……）​
  • 核心词：sister (妹妹)；music (音乐)​
  1. I will call you as soon as I arrive there.（我一到那里就给你打电话。）​
  • 语法解析：as soon as（一…… 就……）​
  • 核心词：call (打电话)；arrive (到达)​
  1. She is so young that she can’t go to school.（她太小了，还不能上学。）​
  • 语法解析：so...that...（如此…… 以至于……）​
  • 核心词：young (年轻的)；go to school (上学)​
  1. My English is better than it was last year.（我的英语比去年好了。）​
  • 核心词：English (英语)；better (更好)；last year (去年)​
  1. We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain.（因为大雨，我们不得不待在家里。）​
  • 语法解析：because of + 名词短语（表原因）​
  • 核心词：stay at home (待在家里)；heavy rain (大雨)​
  1. Although he is old, he works very hard.（虽然他老了，但工作很努力。）​
  • 语法解析：although 引导让步状语从句​
  • 核心词：old (老的)；hard (努力地)​
  1. I didn’t know the answer until my teacher told me.（直到老师告诉我，我才知道答案。）​
  • 语法解析：until 引导时间状语从句​
  • 核心词：answer (答案)；teacher (老师)；tell (告诉)

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