完全倒装又可称为全部倒装。完全倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 

（1）here，there，now，then，thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be，come，go，lie，run等表示来去或状态的动词。 

例如： 

Then came the teacher. 那时老师来了。 

Here is your letter. 你的信。 

（2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

例如：Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老大妈。 

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装放到主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 

（1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way,  not until…等。

例如：

Never have I seen such a performance. 

从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 

无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 

母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。 

（2）当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until+从句状语从句或表时间的词语+助动词主句主语+谓语+...

例如：

Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.

直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。

Not until next week will the sports meet be held.

直到下周才开运动会。

1. Why can’t I smoke here? 

At no time ______ in the meeting-room 

A. is smoking permittedB. smoking is permitted 

C. smoking is it permittedD. does smoking permit 

答案A。这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,not only,not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2. Not until the early years of the 19th century ______ what heat is. 

A. man did knowB. man know 

C. didn’t man knowD. did man know 

答案D。看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C、D中选一个。该句的正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 如果将not和until提到句子前时，就用倒装句。 

如有结构：Not only…but also, Hardly / Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要用倒装句。

例如： 

Not only did he refuse the gift, but also he severely criticized the sender. 

他不但没有收下礼物，而且还狠狠地批评了送礼的人。

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 

她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 

她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 

No sooner ______ than it began to rain heavily. 

A. the game beganB. has the game begun 

C. did the game beginD. had the game begun 

答案D。具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及not only…but(also),no sooner…than,hardly…when，scarcely…when等等。 

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，第一个分句才用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only…but also只连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如：Not only you but also I am fond of music。 

用这些词表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装。

例如：

Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 

汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 

If you won’t go, neither will I. 

你不去，我也不去。 

— Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? 

— I don’t know, _____. 

A. nor don’t I careB. nor do I care 

C. I don’t care neitherD. I don’t care also 

答案：B。nor为增补意思“也不关心”，因此句子应倒装。A答案中错在用don’t再次否定，C答案中neither用法不对，且缺乏连词。D答案缺乏连词。 

注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。 

例如：

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 

汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。 

— It’s raining hard. 雨下得真大

— So it is.。是呀。 

例如：

Only in this way, can you learn English well. 

只有这样，你才能学好英语。 

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 

叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。

例如： 

Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 

病得很重时，他才卧床休息。

as / though引起的倒装分三种情况：表语、动词原形及状语的倒装。

（1）表语的倒装

一般直接将表语提前到句首，若表语是带不定冠词a / an的单数可数名词，倒装后，不定冠词a / an须被省略。如：

Fine as / though he looks, he is ill with some serious diseases.

Child as / though he is, he knows much about the society.

（2）原形动词的倒装

A. 动词前面带有情态动词may,might,will,would,can,could等时，只将行为动词提到句首，而这些情态动词保留在原处。

B. 若动词前面没有情态动词时，应在动词原来的位置加上助动词do的适当形式。

C. 用于这一句型的动词一般是不及物动词，而不能是系动词或及物动词。如：

Swim as / though he can, he can’t swim so far. 尽管他会游泳，但是他游得不那么远。

Run as / though he did, he didn’t run fast enough to catch the bus. 虽然他跑，但是他跑得不够快而没有赶上汽车。

（3）状语倒装

In the classroom as / though he stays, he doesn’t read his texts. 尽管他待在教室里，但他不读书。

Carefully as / though he worked, he made some mistakes. 尽管他工作很细心，但还是出了一些差错。

（1）so… that句型中的so位于句首时，需倒装。

例如： 

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 

他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 

（2）在某些表示祝愿的句型中。

例如： 

May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 

（3）在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if 省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，用部分倒装形式。

例如： 

Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。 

1. Not until the early years of the 20th century ______ what a computer is.  

A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn’t man knowD. did man know 

答案为D。否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 

2. Not until I began to work ______ how much time I had wasted.　 

A. didn’t I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didn't realizeD. I realize 

答案为B。 

3. Do you know Tom bought a new car? 

I don’t know, ______. 

A. nor don’t I careB. nor do I care

C. I don’t care neitherD. I don’t care also  

答案为B。句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示“也不”。由so,neither,nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中,so用于肯定句,而neither,nor用在否定句中。