Unit1
新版深圳牛津版英语九年级下册
besides prep.除......之外（还）
10.too...to... 太......而不能......
17.At the end of 在......末端
19.Not ...until 直到......才......
21.Compare...with... 把......与......对比
22.between ...and...在......和......之间
2.order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
3.It seems that... 似乎......
4.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
7.one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数，最......之一
9.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
10.would like to do sth, 想要做某事
11.Why don’t we/you do sth.? 我们/你们为什么不做某事呢？
12.形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 足够......能做某事
1.They were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as very large quantities of goods.它们足够大，能携带25000人以及大量的货物。
2.At the end of each voyage, Zheng He returned with many things that were seen in China for the first time, such as a giraffe from Africa.在每次航行结束，郑和带回了许多在中国第一次见到的东西，比如一只非洲长颈鹿。
3.It has become one of the biggest companies in the country.它已经成为了这个国家最大的公司之一。
such+a/an+adj.+单数名词+that从句
She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two.
It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it.
This book is so interesting that I have read it three times.
He spoke so fast that we couldn't understand him.
There were so many people that we could hardly move on.
so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句
There is so little milk that I have to buy some.
1.Learn to ask for repetition
repeat v. 重复 (something that happens again, especially something bad)
Sorry, could you repeat that?
Mike patiently repeated that he had to work that day.
The best way to learn English is through repetition.
2. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America.
The body was discovered in a field.
His friends were shocked to discover how ill he was.
the discovery of oil in Alaska 在阿拉斯加发现石油 (U)
①nearly 与almost 在大多数情况下可换用。但almost 所表达的程度比nearly 更接近一些。
He is almost/nearly as tall as her. 他差不多与她一样高。
②nearly可以和not 连用，但不能与其他否定词连用. almost 可与no, none,never,nothing,nobody等连用。
That film is not nearly as interesting as this one.
Her parents almost never go to the zoo.
3. His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.
develop v. 发展; 研发; 增强; (使)成长/发展
The students developed their reading skills further during this term.
They have developed an interest in international affairs.
China is a developing country while America is a developed country.
a course on the development of the Greek thought 关于希腊思想发展的课程
Can you speak any foreign languages?
I thought she sounded foreign. 我觉得她说话像外国人。
Many foreigners came to Shenzhen during the Universiade in 2011.
4. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
rise v. 变得更加成功(或重要, 强大); 升高; 上升;
He rose to become chairman of the company. 他升为公司的董事长。
Smoke rose from the chimney. 烟从烟囱中升起。
Our teachers told us that he sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(n.) The workers were offered a 3% pay rise. (提升; 增加)
a sudden rise in sea level
5. Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.
trade v./n. 贸易; 以物易物; 互相交换
Trade in ivory has been banned since 1990. 象牙交易从1990开始就禁止了。
A lot of pubs (小酒馆) nowadays do most of their trade during lunchtimes.
To the surprise of many Wall Street traders, the dollar rose yesterday. 使很多华尔街经纪人吃惊的是昨天美元上涨了。
(区分)besides/except/except for
Except for 除…之外,只是 表示对主要部分的肯定和对部分的否定
He gets up very early every day except Sunday. 他每天早起，除了星期天。
The competition was good except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇作文写的很 好，除了几处拼写错误。
He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外，他还要照顾别人。
6. People still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.
How many people were there at the meeting?
I don't care what people think.
He said that he would never lie to the American people.
the peoples of Europe 欧洲各国
7. To look for more wealth.
wealth n. 财富 (a large amount of money)
the wealthy = people who have a lot of money, possessions
Lots of explorers were sent by the emperor to look for wealth.
He was born in a wealthy family.
(类似单词) health; luck; noise; 天气的名词+y – 形容词
(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can't go to the cinema（去看电影） with you.
(1)so + adj./adv. + that …
(2)such a/an + adj. + n. + that …
(3)such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n.
(4)so + adj./adv. + that …
(5)such a/an + adj. + n. + that …
(6)such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n.
so many/few + 可数名词复数 +that
so much/little + 不可数名词 +that
2. too … (for sb.) to do …
3. adj./adv. + enough (for sb.) to do …
I just wanted to explore on my own.我只想独自考察一下。
Many boys dream to explore the universe. 许多男孩子梦想探索宇宙的奥秘。
Zheng he was a famous Chinese explorer. 郑和是一位著名的中国探险家。
Social development suggests universal exploration. 社会的进步促使人类做出对宇宙空间的探索。
The best way to learn vocabulary is through repetition. 学习词汇最好的办法就是通过重复的方式。
Can you repeat your question?你能重复一遍你的问题吗？
repeat after sb. 跟某人读 = read after sb.
Repeat after me: a, b, c……请跟我读：a, b, c……
repeat oneself (不自觉地) 重复自己说过的话
Mrs. Fardell repeats herself a bit, but she is very good for 85. 法德尔太太说话有点重复，但作为85 岁的人她头脑非常清楚。
The discovery of America is generally referred to Columbus. 一般人都说美洲是哥伦布发现的。
The Curies are best known for discovering radium. 居里夫妇最为出名的是发现了镭。
In general, comets are named after their discoverers. 总的来说，彗星是以发现者的名字命名的。
Astronomers have made great discoveries about our galaxy.天文学家们在我们的星系中已有了重大的发现。
4.developv. 增强，加强，（使）成长，（使）发展
His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.他的人物是和外国加强联系并建立贸易路线。
Children develop very rapidly. 儿童成长得很快。
America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达的国家。
China is the biggest developing country. 中国是最大的发展中国家。
Wars stunted the development of science in the world. 战争使世界的科学发展受到了压制。
5.rise v. 使得更加成功（或重要，强大等）；升高，上升（rise—rose—risen）
Zheng he rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dinasty.郑和成为了一位受到明朝永乐皇帝信任的官员。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳在东方升起，西方落下。
【同根词】 rise n. 升迁，成功，升起， 增加
The fifteenth century saw the rise of a new social class-the merchant class.15世纪见证了一个新的社会阶级—商人阶级的兴起。
The railworkers were offered a 3% pay rise. 铁路工人获得了3% 的加薪。
rise 不及物动词，意为“升迁，成功，升起， 增加”，后面不能加宾语；raise 及物动词，意为“举起，提起，抬起，使升高”后面必须加宾语。如：
The balloon rose gently into the air. 气球缓缓地升上天。
Can you raise your arm above your head? 你能把胳膊举过头顶吗？
Students in many countries have to learn at least one foreign language.在很多国家，学生必须学习至少一门外语。
Many foreigners came to visit Shenzhen during the Universiade in 2011.在2011年大运会期间，很多外国人来深圳游玩。
【搭配】 foreign language 外语foreign country 外国foreign culture 外国文化 foreign trade 外贸
7.trade n. 贸易 v. 以物易物，互相交换
China has a long history of trade with the Middle East. 中国与中东有着永久的贸易历史。
They had years of experience of trading with the West. 他们有数年与西方做生意的经验。
This trader persuaded me into buying his goods. 这个商人说服我买了他的货物。
trade with ….和… 做生意，和… 进行交易
British built up her wealth by trading with other countries. 英国通过与其他国家贸易积累本国财富。
China traded its tea and silk for the other goods from other countries. 中国用茶叶和丝绸来交换别的国家的其他商品。
8.besides (prep.) 除…之外（还）
Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies. 除了发展贸易之外，这些航行还促进了文化和科技的交流。
I think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful. 我觉得她除了非常漂亮之外，还有许多好的品质。
beside，besides，expect 和 except for 的区别：
Come and sit beside me. 来做我旁边。
I have two other umbrellas besides this one. 除了这把外，我还有另外两把雨伞。
Everyone is here except Tom. 除了Tom， 每个人都在这儿。
except for 除了（不包括在内）（表示“整体…..除了某一点以外”）如：
The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 这篇作文整体不错，除了一些拼写错误以外。
people 做“人，人类“时为复数名词，不加“s”；意为“民族，种族”时为可数名词，加“s”变复数。
Different peoples of the world should unite to fight the terrorism.世界各族人民应团结起来和恐怖主义作斗争。
Were there many people at the meeting？开会的人多吗？
Lots of explorers were sent by the emperor to look for wealth. 很多探险家被皇帝派出去寻找财富。
She was born in a wealthy family. 她出生在一个富有的家庭。
the wealthy = the rich 富人
Not all the wealthy are willing to help the poor. 不是所有的富人都愿意帮助穷人。
May the people of the nation live happily and wealthily this upcoming year.愿新的一年里国富民安。
1.物主代词+n. + be + to do... 某人的···是做···
His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.
My dream is to be an explorer like Zheng He. 我的梦想是成为一名像郑和一样的探险家。
2.It seems/ seemed that... 似乎···；看起来···
It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit.
It seems that the attack was carefully planned. = The attack seems to be carefully planned.
3.Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies.
Besides English, she can also speak Japanese, French and German. = In addition to English, she can speak Japanese,
此句型中besides意为“除···之外（还有···）”，是介词，后面要加名词、代词或动名词，意思同 in addition to 相近。
Besides 还可以用作连词，此时besides = in addition = what's more= furthermore, 通常用来连接上下文，表示“此外”。
结果状语从句的从句部分是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，通常谓语主句之后。
引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so…that, such…that等
eg: He is so young that he can not go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.
so+形容词/副词+that从句译为：如此……以至于……
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
such +形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句
such修饰名词或名词词组，so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many, few, much, little等。
eg: so foolish, such a fool
so nice a flower, such a nice flower
so many/few flowers, such nice flowers
so much/little money, such rapid progress
so many people, such a lot of people
so many/few + 可数名词复数 + that +从句
so much/little + 不可数名词 + that +从句
eg: She keeps so many pets that it is always noisy in her house.
The students have so much homework to do that they don’t have enough time to rest.
3. too…to: too +形容词/副词（+for sth）to do(对某人来说) 太……而不能
eg: It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit.
The train traveled too fast for us to see much outside the window.
The food is too hot (for me) to eat.（正确）
The food is too hot to eat it. （错误） 此句中eat 的宾语为前面的 the food.
C．enough… to: 形容词/副词 + enough (for sb) to do （对某人来说）足够……而能……
eg: The ships were big enough to carry 25,000 people.
The fleet travelled far enough to reach even the rest coast of Africa.
The food is much enough for me to eat.
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