非谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。今天小编将近五年高考题中语法填空题涉及的非谓语动词进行总结

 

2019年

全国卷 I

 

Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.

 

Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.

 

参考答案：

 

64. to perform 该句为 “be + 形容词 + 不定式” 结构，主语 methods 与谓语动词 perform 为被动关系，但需用不定式的主动式作状语。

 

67. noting 介词后用 note 的动词 -ing 形式 noting 作宾语。

 

全国卷 II

 

A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.

 

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business.

 

When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.

 

参考答案：

 

61. being 介词后用动词 -ing 形式作宾语。

 

65. to retire 名词 plan 后接不定式作后置定语。

 

68. saying 名词 call 与 say 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。

 

全国卷 III

 

On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there.

 

On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

 

参考答案：

 

62. to get 分析句子结构可知，it takes + 时间 + to do sth 中，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。

 

70. listening 主语 we 与 listen 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。

 

浙江卷

 

But some students didn’t want  63  (wear) the uniform.

 

参考答案：

 

63. to wear want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。

 

2018年

全国卷 I

 

You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.

 

参考答案：

 

62. to see 根据句意 “要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”, to see 作目的状语。

 

63. dying 介词后用 die 的动名词形式 dying。

 

全国卷 II

 

Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality.

 

China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

 

参考答案：

 

64. to improve 根据语境 “改善水质” 是 “政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。

 

70. feeding when / while + 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。

 

全国卷 III

 

I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).

 

Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.

 

参考答案：

 

64. looking avoid 后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth 意为 “避免做某事”。

 

65. challenged 主语 he 与 challenge（对……挑战）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

 

70. to stay allow sb to do sth是固定结构，意为 “允许某人做某事”，因此应填 to stay。

 

浙江卷

 

I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

 

参考答案：

 

59. visiting remember doing sth 意为 “记得做过某事”。

 

2017年

全国卷 I

 

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

 

Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

 

参考答案：

 

63. to process 根据语境“需要它们（脂肪和盐）来处理食物” 和关键词required 可知，此处应填 to process。

 

68. eating “by+动名词”作方式状语。此处意为 “吃大量的快餐，人们将摄入超过他们饮食所需的盐和油脂”。

 

全国卷 II

 

This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.

 

参考答案：

 

63. laying 63 (lay) the track 和上文的 digging up the road 及下文的 building a strong roof ... 是并列结构，因此用 laying。

 

全国卷 III

 

But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest).

 

But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

 

参考答案：

 

61. resting spend+ 一段时间 + doing sth 是固定结构, 故填 resting。

 

65. to prove want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。

 

浙江卷

 

Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring   61   (cook) a meal.

 

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish.

 

参考答案：

 

61. to cook 由语境“Pahlsson 摘掉戒指去做饭”可知，不定式短语作状语，表目的。

 

63. swept 句子主语 ring 与 sweep 之间为被动关系， 因此用过去分词形式。

 

2016年

全国卷 I

 

But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,when I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

 

参考答案：

 

66. permitted 被修饰的名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

 

67. introducing include后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填 introducing。

 

全国卷 II

 

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69(bring) your work home.

 

参考答案：

 

69. to bring be likely to do sth 是固定结构，意为“可能做某事”，故填 to bring。

 

全国卷 III

 

Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.

 

People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.

 

参考答案：

 

63. to create 根据句意可知，这里用不定式表目的，故填 to create。

 

64. using 根据语境可知，use的逻辑主语是 people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填 using。

 

2015年

全国卷 I

 

A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

 

Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick gateways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

 

参考答案：

 

68. conducted 主语 a study 与 conduct 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

 

70. living 被修饰的名词与 live 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。

 

全国卷 II

 

The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without 64 (use) electric equipment.

 

When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough66 (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.

 

参考答案：

 

61. built 名词 dwellings 与 build 之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

 

64. using 介词后用动名词形式，故填 using。

 

66. to cool 该句为“be + adj + enough +to do sth” 结构, 故填 to cool。
 

 

 

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