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中高考复习干货 | 近5年高考英语语法填空词性转换总结

作者:未知 时间:2020-03-28 阅读:( )

一、近五年高考语法填空词性转换总结

 
 2019 
 
 

2019 全国 I 卷

It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been    62    (poor) studied.
 
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a   66  (believe) that populations are increasing.
 
 

2019 全国 II 卷

Her years of hard work have    63    (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
 
We are so proud of her. It’s    70    (wonder).
 
 

2019 全国 III 卷

When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting    66    (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many    67    (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were    68    (huge) popular with tourists.
 
 

2019 浙江

When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can     60   (easy) see them.
 
Other American studies showed no    64    (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
 
School uniforms are    65    (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.
 
 

2019 北京

Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and    10    (meaning) college experience.
 
 2018 
 

2018 全国 I 卷

To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to     68     (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always   69     (energy).
 
 

2018 全国 II 卷

A taste for meat is   63   (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
 
This switch has decreased   66   (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
 
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total   67   (globe) fertilizer consumption.
 
 

2018 全国 III 卷

My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a    66    (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
 
 

2018 浙江卷

The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be    62    (afford) but doing this most days adds up.
 
Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in    64    (weigh) problems.
 
 2017 
 

2017 全国 I 卷

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be     69    (care) not to go to extremes.
 
 

2017 全国 II 卷

Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been     66    (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
 
This development was only possible with the    69     (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most    70    (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
 
 

2017 全国 III 卷

She is determined to carry on with her    66    (educate). 
 
I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is    70    (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
 
 

2017 浙江卷

But something made her look closer, and she noticed a     57    (shine) object.
 
 2016 
 
 

2016 全国 I 卷

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top    61    (attract).
 
The title will be    63    (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
 
 

2016 全国 II 卷

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of      42    (achieve).
 
Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks    47    (regular).
 
 

2016 全国 III 卷

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which    46    (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C. influenced the    48    (develop) of chopsticks.
 
 2015 
 

2015 全国 I 卷

Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it    69    (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
 
 
 

2015 全国 II 卷

In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their    63    (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
 
Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat    65      (slow) during cool nights.
 
As    69    (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
 
答案
 
 2019 
2019 全国 I 卷 62. poorly   66. belief
2019 全国 II 卷 63. finally   70. wonderful
2019 全国 III 卷 66. competition  67. traditional  68. hugely
2019 浙江 60. easily 64. connection / connections   65. traditional
2019 北京 10. meaningful
 
 
 
 2018 
2018 全国 I 卷 68. strengthen  69. energetic
2018 全国 II 卷 63. actually  66. pollution  67. global
2018 全国 III 卷 66. scientist
2018 浙江卷 62. affordable  64. weight
 
 
 
 2017 
2017 全国 I 卷 69. careful
2017 全国 II 卷 66. fairly  69. introduction  70. successful
2017 全国 III 卷 66. education  70. certainly
2017 浙江卷 57. shiny / shining
 
 
 
 2016 
2016 全国 I 卷 61. attraction     63. officially   
2016 全国 II 卷 42. achievement   47. regularly    
2016 全国 III 卷 46. gradually  48. development
 
 
 
 2015 
2015 全国 I 卷 69. regularly
2015 全国 II 卷 63. ability   65. slowly   69. natural
 
 
 

二、近五年考点分类总结

 
1. 形容词 → 副词
poor — poorly;
final — finally;
huge — hugely;
easy — easily;
actual — actually;
fair — fairly;
certain — certainly;
official — officially;
regular — regularly;
gradual — gradually;
slow — slowly
2. 动词   名词
believe — belief;
compete — competition;
connect — connection;
pollute — pollution;
weigh — weight;
introduce — introduction;
educate — education;
attract — attraction;
achieve — achievement;
develop — development
3. 名词   形容词
  
wonder — wonderful;
tradition — traditional;
meaning — meaningful;
globe — global;
success — successful;
care — careful;
nature — natural;
energy — energetic
4. 动词   形容词

afford — affordable

shine — shiny / shining

5. 形容词   名词
able — ability
6. 名词   动词
strength — strengthen
7. 名词   名词(人)
science — scientist
 

三、常见前缀后缀盘点

 

前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性;后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。

 

 

01

后缀

 
 
副词后缀
 
 
副词后缀 -ly:
absolutely, completely, exactly, extremely, frequently, obviously, particularly, similarly, suddenly
 
 
形容词后缀
 
-able / -ible
reasonable, flexible, reliable, valuable, accessible, considerable
 
 
-ive
effective, sensitive, attractive, impressive
 
 
-al / -ial
practical, beneficial, financial, facial, mental, personal
 
-ate
considerate, fortunate
 
 
-ful
powerful, successful, wonderful, fearful, respectful, skillful, thoughtful, shameful
 
-ly
likely, lively, lonely, deadly, elderly, hourly, yearly, daily
 
 
-ent
confident, convenient, independent, different, violent
 
 
-less:
countless, homeless, useless, breathless, effortless, selfless
 
 
-y:
guilty, healthy, hungry, sleepy, tasty, thirsty, wealthy, worthy, dusty
 
 
-ic
energetic, scientific, fantastic
 
-ary / -ory
contradictory, documentary, imaginary
 
 
-ous
obvious, various, adventurous, ambitious, courageous, disastrous, mountainous
 

 

 

名词后缀
 
 
-ity / -ty / -y
curiosity, responsibility, safety, security, similarity, necessity
 
 
-ance / -ence
appearance, performance, acceptance, confidence, preference, significance
 
 
-sion / -tion
contribution, decision, impression, admission, concentration, discussion, donation
 
 
-th
strength, depth, growth, length, warmth, width
 
 
-ment:
achievement, treatment, amusement, arrangement, excitement, improvement
 
 
-ure / -ture / -ature:
failure, pressure, exposure, mixture, signature
 
 
-ing:
building, suffering, understanding, warning
 
 
-al:
approval, arrival, survival
 
 
-cy:
accuracy, fluency, frequency, privacy
 
-ness:
awareness, coldness, weakness
 
 
动词后缀
 
 
-ate:
concentrate, accelerate, advocate, regulate
 
 
-(e)n:
broaden, fasten, frighten, sharpen, strengthen, darken, deepen, harden, lengthen
 
 
-(i)fy
satisfy, clarify, classify, identify, qualify, simplify, terrify
 
 
-ize / -ise:
apologize, organize, realize, recognize
 
 
名词后缀(人)
 
 
-ar / -er / -or
conductor, director, engineer, beggar, employer, instructor, interviewer, lawyer, liar
 
 
-ist
artist, novelist, specialist, tourist, pianist, scientist, violinist
 
 
-ant 
accountant, assistant, servant
 

02

前缀

 
anti- 反对,对抗;相反;防(止):
anti-aging, anti-anxiety, anti-virus, antifreeze
 
 
dis- 不,否定,相反:
disadvantage, discourage, dishonest, dislike, disorder
 
 
il- / im- / in- / ir- 不,非,无:
illegal, impatient, impossible, inexpensive, immoral, inconvenient, irregular
 
 
mis- 错误的;坏的;不,相反:
misfortune, misunderstand, mislead, mistrust
 
 
non- 无,不,非:
nonprofit, nonsense, nonsmoking, nonstop, non-recycling
 
 
un- 不;表示相反的动作:
unable, unexpected, unfortunate, unusual, unfair, unforgettable, unnecessary
 
 
co- ……一起,共同:
cooperate, co-discover, co-renter, co-worker
 
 
en- 使处于……状态,使具有……特性;围住:
enable, encourage, enjoy, endanger, enlarge, enrich, ensure
 
 
extra- ……之外,超出;非常,格外:
extraordinary, extra-large, extra-strong
 
 
inter- ……之间,相互:
interrupt, interview, interaction, international, Internet, interval
 
 
micro- 极小的,微小的:
microbiology, microphone, microscope, microwave
 
 
mini- (同类中) 特小的,微型的:
minibus, minicomputer, miniskirt
 
 
multi- 多于一的,多的: 
multimedia, multinational, multitask
 
 
pre- ……之前,预先:
predict, prejudice, prepaid, preview
 
 
re- 再,重新:
remind, remove, replace, return, review, react, reaction
 
 
tele-  (距离) 的;电视的;使用电话的:
telephone, telescope, television, telesales
 
 
trans- 横穿,横贯;表示变化:
transform, translate, transport, transportation, transplant
 

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