Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

 

1．native   adj.本国的；本地的　 n．本地人；本国人

 

The tiger is native to India. 这种虎原产于印度。

Are you a native，or just a visitor? 你是本地人还是外来人？

 

[快速闪记]

be native to 原产于，土生土长的

 

2．base vt. 以……为根据　n．基部；基地；基础

 

One should always base his opinion on facts.

一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。

 

[快速闪记]

base sth on/upon... 把……以……为基础/根据

base sth in/at 把(总部，基地)设在……

be based on/upon 以……为基础

at the base of 在……的底部；在……的基点

 

3．gradual   adj.逐渐的；逐步的

 

The doctor noticed a gradual improvement in his patient.医生注意到病人在逐渐恢复健康。

 

[快速闪记]

gradually  adv. 逐渐地；逐步地

 

4．latter   adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的

 

He'll go to school in the latter part of the year.

后半年他将上学了。

This latter point is of great importance.

这后一个论点是非常重要的。

 

5．fluent   adj.流利的；流畅的

 

She is fluent in five languages.她通晓五种语言。

 

[快速闪记]

fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地

 

6．frequent   adj.频繁的；常见的

 

She was a fairly frequent visitor to the house.

她算是这家的常客。

 

[快速闪记]

frequently adv. 常常；频繁地

 

7．command  n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握

 

He has a hundred men under his command.

他指挥一百个人。

He commanded that I (should) complete my project ahead of time.他命令我提前完成我的项目。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)have a good command of精通(语言等)

under the command of sb ＝under sb's command

由……指挥；由……控制

take command of控制……

(2)command that sb (should) do sth 命令某人做某事

command sb  to do sth 命令某人做某事

 

8．request  n．& vt.请求；要求

 

I request that you (should) come here early.

我要求你早些来。

You are requested not to smoke in the theatre.

请不要在剧院里吸烟。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)make a request for请求；要求

at sb's request＝at the request of sb 应某人的请求、要求

by request应……的请求，应邀

(2)request sb  to do sth 要求某人做某事

request sth from sb (正式或礼貌地)向某人请求或要求某物

 

注意：request后跟宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。

 

9．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认

 

We all recognized him to be/as a wise leader.

我们都承认他是一位英明的领导。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)recognize sb  as/to be...承认某人是……

recognize sth (as sth)承认；意识到……

recognize sb  by...通过……认出某人

(2) recognition n．承认；认出

 

10．straight adv.直接；挺直　 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的

 

There is a straight line under the sentence.

句子下面有一条直线。

He went straight from school to university.

他中学一毕业就马上进了大学。

 

 

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

 

1．because of  因为；由于

 

Because it was raining outside，we had to stay at home.

由于外面在下雨，我们只好呆在家里。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)because of为介词短语，后接n./pron./v.－ing/what从句等作宾语。

(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。

 

2．come up走近；上来；提出

 

The sky was dark blue when the moon came up.

月亮出来时天空是深蓝色的。

A new suggestion came up at the meeting.

会上提出了一个新建议。

 

[快速闪记]

come up with提出

come about发生(常与how连用)

come out开花；出版，发表；罢工

come to共计，总计；(总数)达到

come along到达；跟着来

 

注意：come up被提及，其主语是被提出的内容，主动形式表示被动含义；come up with提出，其主语是提出动作的发出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容。

 

3．at present  现在；目前

 

Affairs at present are very unsettled.

目前的事态很不稳定。

 

4．make use of  利用；使用

 

We could make better use of our resources.

我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。

 

[快速闪记]

make good/full/little use of好好/充分/不充分利用

make the best/most of充分利用

 

5．play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与

 

He played an important part in carrying through the whole plan.他在完成整个计划中起着重要的作用。

 

[快速闪记]

play the part/role of扮演……的角色

take (an active) part in (积极)参加

 

6．more...than...比……更……，与其说……倒不如说……

 

He is more lucky than clever.

与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。

 

[快速闪记]

more than one＋单数名词，意为“不止一个……”，在语意上虽为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

 

7．believe it or not信不信由你 (常用作插入语，也叫独立成分)

 

Believe it or not，I'm feeling quite homesick.

信不信由你，反正我觉得非常想家。

 

Ⅲ. 写作句式必学

 

1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.

以英语为母语的人能够互相理解，即便他们说的不是同一种英语。

 

2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.

当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们现在所说的英语则不是。

 

3．Do you know that there is more than one kind of English?

你知道有不止一种英语吗？

 

4．So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.

所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都多。

 

5．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.

起初大约在公元450年和公元1150年间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语很不一样。

 

6．As we know，British English is a little different from American English.

众所周知，英式英语与美式英语有所不同。

 

7．Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。

 

8．This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.

这是因为在无线电初期，对新闻播音员的要求是讲一口极好的英语。

 

9．However，on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.

但是，从电视和收音机上，你会听到人们不同的说话方式。

 

10．So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.

所以来自美国东南部山区的人和来自美国西北部的人几乎说着同样的方言。

 

Ⅳ. 核心词汇集中串记

 

短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

 

Different Kinds of English in Different Countries

Voyages of people from England play an important part in __1__(spread) the English language.At present，English __2__(be) frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries，such __3__ America，Singapore，Malaysia and some African countries.All __4__(base) on British English，the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers.But __5__(actual)，these kinds of English have been gradually changing in accents，spellings，__6__(express) and the usage of vocabulary.

Because of this fact，you can make use of the differences __7__(tell) which country the foreigners of your block are from.For example，__8__ a boss fluently commands his driver，“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”，instead of requesting，“Please come to my flat by lift __9__ take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”，you can recognize __10__(he) American identity，while the latter suggests that he is British.

 

【参考答案】　

1.spreading　2. is　3. as　4. based　5. actually  6．expressions　7. to tell　8. if/when　9. and　10. his

 

Unit2 English around the world单元练习

 

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

 

1．With our knowledge __based__(base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.

 

解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，our knowledge与base构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。

 

2．Oprah(奥普拉), the queen of American daytime talk TV, __is_recognized__(recognize) as one of the most powerful women in the world.

 

解析：考查固定句式。be recognized as...被公认是……。

 

3．Though they found the road __blocked__(block), they decided to move on.

 

解析：考查非谓语动词。block与road构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。

 

4．Although this is the first time that the plan __has_come__(come) up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.

 

解析：考查固定句式。It is the first time that...句型中that从句谓语动词要用现在完成时。

 

5．According to the rules of the hotel, guests __are_requested__(request) to vacate their rooms by noon on one day of departure.

 

解析：考查时态和语态。规章制度用一般现在时，再由句意可知，用被动语态。

 

6．The manager gave his command that measures __(should)_be_taken__(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.

 

解析：考查虚拟语气。command所接名词性从句中应用“(should＋)动词原形”的虚拟语气。再由句意可知，应用被动语态。

 

7．She was __more_worried__(worry) than angry when her daughter didn't come home.

 

解析：考查固定句式。more...than...与其……不如……。

 

8．I think in English study it is your attitude, not your teachers that __plays__(play) the key role.

 

解析：考查主谓一致。该句是一个含强调句型的句子；被强调部分是句子的主语部分，其真正主语是your attitude，故填单数第三人称形式。

 

9．With so many people __communicating__(communicate) in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

 

解析：考查非谓语动词。该with复合结构中，people与 communicate之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填communicating。

 

10．In Japan some firms even monitor whether their employees smile __frequently__(frequent) enough at customers.

 

解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词smile应用副词。

 

11．Sorry, I have no time left now.Can we discuss the matter __over__ supper?

 

解析：考查介词。句意：对不起，我现在没空。我们吃晚饭时讨论这件事，好吗？由句意可知，填over，意为“在……期间”相当于during。

 

12．The boss insisted that every minute __(should)be__(be) made full use of __to_do__(do) the work well.

 

解析：句意：为了做好工作，老板要求应该充分利用每分钟。insist后所接的宾语从句应该使用should＋动词原形，且should可以省略；不定式to do the work well在句中作目的状语。

 

13．Marco Polo is said to have sailed on __the__ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in __the__ thirteenth century.

 

解析：本题考查冠词。句意：据说马可·波罗在十三世纪去爪哇的路上在太平洋上航行过。在表示“江河湖海山脉群岛”的名词前加定冠词the；在世纪表达法中的序数词前面要用定冠词the。

 

14．The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore, he can go shopping without __being_recognized__(recognize)．

 

解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意：那位影星戴着墨镜，因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。without为介词，后面接动名词形式；the film star与recognize之间存在被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，即“being done”结构。

 

15．The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to make __the__ best of it.

 

解析：句意：这个学校不是我真正想去的，但是我认为我不得不充分利用它了。make the best of充分利用，妥善处理。

 

 

Ⅱ. 完成句子

 

根据语境和汉语提示完成下列英语句子。

 

1．__Believe__ __it__ __or__ __not__ (信不信由你), there was a time when my son was crazy about computer games.

 

2．Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally __came__ __up__ __with__ (提出) a solution to it.

 

3．It is __because__ __of__(因为) education that the life of many people has been enriched.

 

4．Mobile phones __play__ __a__ __very__ __important__ __role__ __in__(起着重要的作用) our daily life __at__ __present__(现在)．

 

5．Though she is young, she can set down a series of American cities __such__ __as__(例如) New York, Chicago, and Boston.

 

6．他的英语差。我们为什么不去帮他学英语呢？

His English is poor.__Why__ __don't__ __we(＝Why_not)__ help him with his English?

 

7．他精通英语，这是因为他们非常努力地学英语并经常使用英语。

He has a good command of English.__This__ __is__ __because__ he works hard at it and uses it frequently.

 

8．只有充分利用时间，我们才能够按时完成任务。

Only by __making__ __good/full__ __use__ __of__ __our__ __time__ can we finish the task on time.

 

9．与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。

He is more __lucky__ __than__ __clever__。

 

10．我觉得自食其力很重要，因为世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。

I think it important to depend on yourself, because there is no __such__ thing __as__ a free lunch in the world.

 

Ⅲ. 单句改错

 

1．Believe it or not, there is no such a good thing as a free lunch.

__去掉such后的a__

 

2．The film is based on the novel written by Guo Jingming is popular among the youth.

__去掉第一个is或在其前加which或that__

 

3．He thought I had known the fact.But actual, I knew nothing about it.

__actual→actually__

 

4．Deeply sorry, I don't recognize you at first, for it has been a long time since we last met.

__don't→didn't__

 

5．Oil must be made full use to serve the people well.

__use后加上of__

 

6．A lot of advice came up with at yesterday's meeting.

__去掉with__

 

7．As far as I know，he was very angry because what you said just now.

__because后加上of__

 

8．More than one person have a good command of English in the research unit.

__have→has__

 

9．He requested that I must finish the task as soon as possible.

__must→should或去掉must__

 

10．This song is based an old folk song.

__based后加上on__

 

Ⅳ. 语篇填空

 

As we know, English is regarded as a global language, but the language doesn't stay the same.It has changed__1. over__ time.Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__2. with__ each other.At first the English spoken in England was __3. based__(base) more on German than the English spoken __4. at__ present.Then the new settlers who ruled England __5. enriched__ (rich) the English language and especially its vocabulary.In 1620，some British __6. settlers__(settle) moved to America and by the 19th century the language __7. was_settled__(settle)．English now is also spoken __8. as__ a foreign or second language in South Asia.From 1765 to 1947, English became the language for government and education.Today __9. the__ number of people learning English in China __10. is_increasing__(increase) rapidly.

 

Ⅴ. 教材原句

 

1．Today, __more__(many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

 

解析：根据“than ever before”可知此处填比较级。

 

2．The number of people __learning__(learn) English in China __is__ (be) increasing rapidly.

 

解析：第一空考查分词作定语，learn与people之间为主动关系，故填learning；第二空考查主谓一致，主语是the number，故谓语用单数is。

 

3．__Actually__(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__with__each other.

 

解析：第一空考查词形转换，此处应填副词；第二空考查固定用法，communicate with “与……交流”。

 

4．Later in the 18th century some British people __were_taken__(take) to Australia too.

 

解析：考查时态和语态。people与take之间为被动关系，根据in the 18th century，可知填were taken。

 

5．__In__fact, China may have __the__ largest number of English learners.

 

解析：第一空为固定用法“事实上”；第二空考查最高级与the连用。

 

6．People from England made voyages __to_conquer__(conquer) other parts of the world and because __of__ that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.

 

解析：第一空为不定式作目的状语；第二空为固定用法。

 

7．The USA is a large country __where__ many different dialects are spoken.

 

解析：考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，应填关系副词，且先行词表地点，故填where。

 

8．Many people believe the English __spoken__(speak) on TV and the radio is standard English.

 

解析：考查分词作定语。speak与English之间为被动关系，故填spoken。

 

Ⅵ. 话题写作

 

用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。

 

1．现在，英语在我们的生活中所起的作用越来越重要。

 

Nowadays，English__is_playing_a_more_and_more_important_part__in our lives.

 

2．因为这一点，很多人正在努力学英语。

 

__Because_of__this，many people are learning English hard.

 

3．我们肯定会在英语学习中遇到很多问题，如词汇、语法等。

 

We must have__come_across__many problems in learning English，__such_as__vocabulary and grammar.

 

4．很多人提出了不同的方法来处理它们，比如学习英语应该以我们的课本为基础；我们应该充分利用每一分钟多读等。

 

Many people__come_up_with__different methods to deal with them，__for_example__，learning English should__be_based_on__our textbooks，and we should__make full use of__every minute to read more.

 

5．逐渐地你会发现你已经爱上了英语。

 

__Gradually__，you will find you have fallen in love with English.

 

6．只有用这种方法我们才能精通英语。

 

Only in this way can we __have_a_good_command_of_English__.

 

组篇公式：句4改为被动句＋适当加入过渡词。

 

【参考答案】

Nowadays, English is playing a more and more important part in our lives.And because of this, many people are learning English hard.

We must have come across many problems in learning English, such as vocabulary and grammar.To deal with them, many people come up with different methods, for example，learning English should be based on our textbooks, and every minute should be made full use of to read more.Gradually, you will find you have fallen in love with English.Only in this way can we have a good command of English.

 

 

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