Unit3 Computers知识点详解

 

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

 

1．simplify vt. 简化

 

Try to simplify your explanation for the children.

设法让你的解释简易一些，让孩子们能听懂。

 

[快速闪记]

simplified adj. 简化的

simplification  n. 简化

 

2. sum  n．总数；算术题；金额　v．合计

 

In sum，the course is clear.

总而言之，这个过程是清晰的。

 

[快速闪记]

in sum 总之，总而言之

sum up 概括；合计　

sum up to 总计为

 

3．intelligence  n．智力；聪明；智能

 

Computer scientists study artificial intelligence.

计算机科研人员研究人工智能。

 

[快速闪记]

intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的

 

4. solve  vt. 解决；解答

 

Can you help me to solve this maths question?

你能帮我解答这个数学问题吗？

 

[快速闪记]

(1) solve/settle/deal with problems 解决问题

(2) solution n. 解决，解答

 

5．total  adj. 总的；整个的  n. 总数；合计

 

In total，they spent 420 hours on the project.

他们在这项工程上总共花了420 个小时。

 

[快速闪记]

totally adv. 完全地；整个地

 

6．application  n．应用；用途；申请

 

There were more than 300 applications for the six jobs.

有300多人申请这6份工作。

 

[快速闪记]

apply v. 应用，运用，申请，请求

 

7. explore vt.&vi. 探索；探测；探究

 

The scientists are exploring all possible ways to improve food production.

科学家们正在探究所有可能提高食品产量的方法。

 

[快速闪记]

exploration n. 探索　

explorer n. 探险者

 

8. anyhow  adv. (也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此

 

The fog was heavy that day, but anyhow he drove away.

那天的雾很大，但是即使如此他还是开车离开了。

 

[快速闪记]

somehow adv. 不知怎么地；以某种方式

somewhat adv. 稍微；有点

 

9. goal  n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分

 

To become an excellent director is her life goal.

成为一名优秀的导演是她的人生目标。

 

[快速闪记]

life goal/one's goal in life 人生目标

set a goal 设定一个目标

achieve/realize one's goal 实现目标

 

10. signal  vi.&vt. 发信号  n．信号

 

He signaled the waiter to bring the menu.

他做手势要侍者拿菜单来。

 

[快速闪记]

signal (to) sb (to do sth) 向……发出(做……)的信号，示意(某人)做某事

signal to do 用信号指示做……

signal (sb) that 示意……

 

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

 

1．from...on 从……时起

 

From now on，we should pay more attention to protecting the environment.

从现在起，我们应该更加注意保护环境。

 

[快速闪记]

from then on 从那时起　

from now on 从今以后

from that day on 从那天起

 

2．as a result 结果，单独使用，作连接性状语，起承上启下的作用。

 

He didn't work hard; as a result he failed the exam.

他学习不努力，结果考试不及格。

 

[快速闪记]

as a result of 表示“由于……的原因，作为……的结果，”后接名词或代词，在句中常用来引导原因状语。

 

3．so...that... 如此……以至于……

 

She was so strong that she could lift the heavy box.

她很强壮，能够拎起这个沉重的盒子。

 

[快速闪记]

so＋形容词/副词＋that...  如此……以至于……

so＋形容词＋不定冠词＋名词单数＋that...  如此……以至于……

so＋much/little＋不可数名词＋that...  如此多/少……以至于……

so＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋that...  如此多/少……以至于……

 

4．in a way (＝in one way/in some way) 在某种程度上

 

[快速闪记]

in this way 用这种方法　

in the/sb's way 挡路，妨碍

in no way 决不(置于句首，句子要倒装)

 

5．with the help of 在……的帮助下

 

With the help of my teachers，I have made great progress.

在老师们的帮助下，我已取得很大成就。

 

6．deal with 对付，应付；处理，安排；论及，涉及；与……交流，交易

 

 

You should deal with him more politely.

你应该待他更客气一些。

 

[快速闪记]

deal with中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，表示“怎么处理/对待”；同义短语为do with，其中的do为及物动词，表示“怎么处理/对待”时，与疑问词what连用。

 

Ⅲ. 写作句式必学

 

1．...it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.

大约两百年后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。

 

2．As time went by，I was made smaller.

随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。

 

3．Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.

不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。

 

4．By the time I was sixteen，my dream had come true.

到我16岁时，我的梦想已经成为现实。

 

5．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.

她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。

 

6．Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.

尽管我很年轻，但我能简化一些复杂的数额。

 

Ⅳ. 短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

 

Computers

The goal of early calculating machines was __1__(simplify) difficult sums.But with the help of new technology，electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial__2__(intelligent) has arisen.From then on，the appearance of computers totally__3__(change) our lives.They can not only download information from the net when __4__(connect) by the network or mobile phone signals，but also solve different types oflogical problems.With operators as their __5__(coach)，they can even control rockets toexplore the moon and instruct androids with the human race's characters to mop floors and watch over __6__(you) naughty niece.Anyhow，computers are so helpful __7__ they do bring happiness.

However，computers are easily attacked by viruses.This reality has become a problem that is hard to deal with.__8__ a result，computers are dangerous in __9__ way.So，__10__(personal)，I worry about their universal applications in some fields，such as finance.

 

答案：　

1. to simplify 2. intelligence 3. changed 4. connected　

5. coaches 6. your 7. that 8. As 9. a  10. personally

 

Unit3 Computers单元练习

 

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

 

1．You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason __before__ you reach any decision.

 

解析：考查连词与状语从句。句意：在做任何决定前，你一定要学会考虑自己的感觉与理智。before在……之前，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。

 

2．Brushing straight after a meal may damage the top of your teeth；__as__ a result, you may feel pain when eating.

 

解析：句意：饭后立即刷牙会对牙齿表层造成伤害，结果是吃饭时会感到疼痛。as a result结果。

 

3．Many difficulties have __arisen__(arise) as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.

 

解析：句意：由于换成了一种新型燃料，许多困难出现了。arise意为“出现，产生”，符合句意。

 

4．Could you tell me how to deal __with__ these problems so that I will be able to adapt to the life in Guiyang?

 

解析：句意：你能告诉我为了适应贵阳的生活，我应该如何应对这些问题吗？deal with“处理，应对”，和how连用。

 

5．The mother thanked the young man again and again, without __whose__help her son would have been killed by the passing car.

 

解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：妈妈一遍又一遍的感谢那个年轻人，要不是他的帮助，她的儿子会被这个路过的车撞死。后面定语从句中，缺少定语，故用关系代词whose。

 

6．He made __such__ little progress __that__ his parents felt disappointed.

 

解析：考查结果状语从句。中心词是名词，所以用such，后面句子中不缺少成分，不能用as而只能用that。

 

7．So much work did we have to do __that__ we were so exhausted.

 

解析：由语境可知，本题考查“so...that...”句型。句意为：我们要做的工作如此多以至于我们都精疲力竭。

 

8．(2016·天津，7改编)__As__the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.

 

解析：考查连词。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。

 

9．—Why do you look so worried?

—My computer broke down and my essay __has_been_left__(leave) unfinished since.

 

解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——为什么你看起来如此着急呢？——我的电脑坏了，而且我的论文还没有完成。根据题干中的时间状语词since可知，此处应用现在完成时，而且主语my essay和谓语动词之间是动宾关系。

 

10．Misunderstandings __arising__(arise) from lack of social communication, unless __handled__(handle) properly, may lead to serious problems.

 

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏社会交流而造成的误解，如果得不到恰当的处理，可能会导致严重的问题。第一空，misunderstandings和arise为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用arise的现在分词形式，arise from意为“由……产生”。第二空，handle和misunderstandings为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用handle的过去分词形式。

 

11．We won't start the work until all the preparations have__been_made__(make).

 

解析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意：直到所有的准备工作都做完了，我们才开始工作。根据主句中的关键词语won't start(不会开始)是一般将来时知，until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时或现在完成时代替将来时。

 

12．You'd better write down her phone number before you __forget__ (forget) it.

 

解析：句意：趁着还没有忘记，你最好把她的电话号码写下来。before本意是“在……之前”，在句中引导时间状语从句，根据具体的语境在句中可译为“趁着……，以免……”，从句中用一般现在时态表示将来的动作。根据语境可知forget为将来的动作，故此处用一般现在时表示将来。

 

13．While intelligent people can often __simplify__(simple) the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.

 

解析：根据While可知，前后句是转折关系。句意：聪明的人可以简化复杂的事情，愚蠢的人使简单的事情复杂化。simplify简化。

 

 

14．John thinks it won't be long__before__he is ready for his new job.

 

解析：句意：John认为用不了多久他就会为自己的新工作做好准备。It won't be long before...是个固定句型，意为“用不了多久就……”。

 

15．Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result __of__doing too much shopping.

 

解析：句意：由于购物太多，珍妮差点误了航班。as a result of“由于……的结果”。

 

Ⅱ. 完成句子

 

1．__From__ __then__ __on__ (从那时起), Tom made up his mind to become an outstanding artist.

 

2．He won a gold medal in the Olympic Games.__As__ __a__ __result__(结果), he was praised by all.

 

3．__In__ __a__ __way__(在某种程度上), I can see what you mean and I totally accept your point of view as well.

 

4．In modern society, children must be taught how to __deal__ __with__(处理/对付) different situations in their life.

 

5．A true friend with a sense of responsibility is a friend who can always __share__(分享) happiness and sorrow __with__you.

 

6．在电脑的帮助下，学生在家上课将成为可能。

__With__ __the__ __help__ __of__ __the__ __computer__， it will be possible for students to have classes at home.

 

7．这条狗太聪明了，主人不在时它会为主人看家。

The dog is so clever that he can __watch__ __over__ his master's house while the master is away.

 

8．汤姆和玛丽很快成为好朋友，毕竟，他们有许多共同之处。

It __look__ __a__ __short__ __time__ __before__ Tom and Mary became good friends；__after__ __all__， they __have__ __a__ __lot__ __in__ __common__.

 

9．随着时间的推移，任何有足够优秀的选手的国家都可以参加奥运会。

__As__ __time__ __goes__ __by__， any country can take part in the Olympic Games if their athletes are good enough.

 

10．像我们这样好的队应该能击败任何竞争者。

A team __as__ __good__ __as__ ours should be able to mop the floor with any competitor.

 

Ⅲ. 单句改错

 

1．Personal, I disagree with you on your plan.

 

__Personal→Personally__

 

2．Saying you are sorry won't make out the damage of breaking the vase.

__out→up__

 

3．I think we should work out a strategy to deal this situation.

 

__deal后加上with__

 

4．They helped each other in studies and as the result they made great progress and became good friends.

 

__the→a__

 

5．Under the help of the computer, it is now easy to deal with and share information.

 

__Under→With__

 

6．With time went by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life.

 

__with→As或went→going__

 

7．In the way，I'm glad you made that mistake，for it will serve as a warning to you.

 

__the→a__

 

8．Anyone he breaks the law will be punished.

 

__he→who__

 

9．Do you have any concrete thoughts on what to deal with this difficulty?

 

__what→how__

 

10．The environment of Hong Kong is very outstanding that it is chosen as one of the world's most livable cities.

 

__very→so__

 

Ⅳ. 语篇填空

 

My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago.Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We ①__won__(win) second place.Personally, I think the team ②__that/which__ won first place cheated.They had developed ③__a__ new type of program just ④__before__ the competition. So we need to encourage our programmer ⑤__to_improve__(improve) our intelligence too. We are determined to create an even ⑥__better__(good) system. In a way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possible moves ⑦__she__ has seen while watching human games. Then she prepares reliable moves to use ⑧__if__ a new situation arises. In this way I can make up new moves ⑨__using__(use) my “artificial intelligence”．I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them. After all, ⑩__with__ the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about!

 

Ⅴ. 教材原句

 

1．Please take me to a distant land __where__ I can find the animal __which/that__ gave fur to make this sweater.

 

解析：考查定语从句。第一个从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表地点；第二个定语从句中缺少主语，指物。

 

2．You should pay more attention to the rainforest __where__ I live and appreciate how the animals live together.

 

解析：考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表地点。

 

3．The flying carpet travelled so fast __that__ next minute they were in Zimbabwe.

 

解析：考查“so＋adj./adv.＋that”句式，意为“如此……以致于……”。

 

4．It contains a __powerful__ (power) drug which __affects__ (affect) mosquitoes.

 

解析：第一空考查词形转换，应用形容词作定语；第二空考查主谓一致，定语从句的谓语单复数形式取决于先行词，该句先行词drug为单数。

 

5．In Tibet Daisy saw an antelope __looking__ (look) sad.

 

解析：考查分词作宾补。强调动作正在进行，且antelope与look之间为主动关系，故用looking。

 

6．Daisy turned around and found that she __was_being_watched__ (watch) by an elephant.

 

解析：考查动词时态。分析turned around以及found可知watch正在进行且与主语为被动关系。

 

7．Tourists were allowed __to_hunt__ (hunt) only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.

 

解析：考查“be allowed to do sth.”，因此填不定式。

 

8．Flying carpet, please show me a place __where__ there's some wildlife protection.

 

解析：考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表地点。

 

9．Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in __such__ a short time.

 

解析：考查“such＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.”结构。

 

10．They were surprised __to_find__ (find) that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others __but__climb trees.

 

解析：第一空考查表感情的形容词后跟不定式的用法；第二空考查“not only...but also...”结构。

 

Ⅵ. 话题写作

 

用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。

 

1．近来，高智商的机器人出现了。

 

High intelligent robots__have_arisen__recently.

 

2．有些可以打字、发信号。

 

Some can__type_and_signal__.

 

3．有些能处理一些重要事情。

 

Some can__deal_with__some important things.

 

4．在某种程度上说，电脑改变了我们的生活。

 

__In_a_way__，computers__have_changed_our_life__.

 

5．许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间。

 

Many students become  so crazy about computers that  they  spend too much time on them  .

 

6．部分学生在考试中失败。

 

  Some of the students fail in the exams.  

 

7．但不管怎么说电脑在我们的日常生活中起很重要的作用。

 

Anyhow computers  play an important part in  our life.

 

组篇公式：定语从句连接句1、2＋过渡词。

 

答案：

High intelligent robots have arisen recently, some of which can type, signal, and even deal with some important things. In a way, computers have changed our life. However, many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them. As a result, some of the students fail in the exams.Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.

 

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