Unit1 Festivals around the world

常考单词、高频短语和写作句式

 

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

 

1．celebration  n．庆祝；祝贺

 

They held a special celebration in his honour.

他们为他举行了一次特殊的庆祝活动。

 

[快速闪记]

in celebration of  为……举行庆祝活动

celebrate v．庆祝

 

2. starve  vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死

 

Millions of people starved to death during the war.

战争中数以百万计的人挨饿至死。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)starve for sth 极需要……；渴望

starve to do sth 渴望去做……

starve to death 饿死

(2)starvation  n．挨饿；饿死

 

3. trick  n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门　vt.  欺骗；诈骗

 

A clever lawyer should be able to trick the prisoner into an admission of guilt.

聪明的律师应能诱使罪犯认罪。

 

[快速闪记]

trick sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人做某事

trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗取……

 

4. award  n．奖；奖品　vt.  授予；判定

 

He won the first awards of many English contests.

他获得过许多英语比赛的一等奖。

 

The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work.

学校因为玛丽的出色表现而奖励了她。

 

5. admire vt.  赞美；钦佩；羡慕

 

I admire him for his success in business.

我钦佩他事业有成。

 

[快速闪记]

admire sb for sth/in sth 钦佩某人的某些方面

admiration n．钦佩；赞赏

 

6. permission  n．许可；允许

 

Who gave you permission to leave class early?

谁准许你提前离开课堂的？

 

[快速闪记]

(1)with one's permission 经某人允许

without permission 未经允许

ask sb for permission 请求某人准许

give sb permission to do sth 允许某人做某事

(2)permit vt.&vi.允许；许可；容许 n.执照；许可证

 

7. apologize  vi.  道歉；辩白

 

I must apologize for disturbing you like this.

非常抱歉，打扰你了。

 

8．remind vt.  提醒；使想起

 

Remind me to get up early.  

提醒我早点起床。

 

He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.

亏他提醒我，要不然我就忘了。

 

[快速闪记]

remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事，使想起

remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

remind sb that...  使某人想起……；提醒某人……

 

9．forgive  vt.(forgave，forgiven) 原谅；饶恕

 

She never forgave him for losing her ring.

她从没原谅他弄丢了她的戒指。

 

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

 

1．take place发生

 

Great changes have taken place in China in the last few years.

过去的几年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。

 

[快速闪记]

take the place of...  代替……

take one's place  代替某人；就座

take (the) first place  居首位，得第一

 

2．in memory of  纪念；追念

 

A film will be made in memory of those brave firefighters.

为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。

 

[快速闪记]

in honour of 为纪念……　

in terms of 就……而言

in need of 需要　

in case of 万一

in charge of 负责掌管　

in search of 寻找

 

3．dress up  盛装；打扮；装饰

 

They tried to dress him up as a “national hero”．

他们想把他打扮成一个“民族英雄”。

 

[快速闪记]

dress sb/oneself  给……穿衣服

be/get dressed in...  穿着……的衣服

 

4．play a trick/tricks on  搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑

 

The boys hid Jon's bike to play a trick on him.

孩子们把乔恩的自行车藏起来捉弄他。

 

[快速闪记]

play a joke on sb 取笑某人

make a fool of 愚弄；欺骗

 

5．look forward to  期望；期待；盼望

 

We are looking forward to seeing each other soon.

我们期盼着不久再次见面。

 

6．as though  好像，引导方式状语从句

 

It looks as though our team is going to win.

看来我们队有赢的可能。

 

He talks as though he knew about it.

他说话的口气好像他知道这事。

 

[快速闪记]

(1)as though相当于as if，引导的从句中常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词与现在事实相反，用一般过去时态，be动词用were；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。

(2)as though/as if 后面的从句也用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能是真实的。

 

 

7．have fun with  玩得开心

 

I had fun with my friends at the party.

我和朋友们在晚会上玩得很开心。

 

[快速闪记]

for fun/in fun 取乐；闹着玩

be full of fun 很好玩；极有趣

 

8．keep one's word  守信用；履行诺言

 

You promised to take the children camping，so you must keep your word.

你答应过要带孩子们去野营，所以你必须遵守诺言。

 

[快速闪记]

break one's word/promise 失信

have a word with sb 与某人谈话

 

9．hold one's breath  屏息；屏气

 

We'll let you know if there's any work for you，but don't hold your breath.

要是有工作适合你，我们会告诉你，但是不要抱太大希望。

 

10．set off  出发；动身；使爆炸

 

They set off in search of the lost child.

他们出发去寻找失踪的孩子。

 

[快速闪记]

set up  建立；创立

set down  写下；记下；放下

set aside  保留；抛弃；放在一边

set about  着手；开始(跟名词或动名词)

set out  动身；开始做；着手(怀有目标做某事)(跟to do sth)

 

Ⅲ.  写作句式必学

 

1．Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.

节日是来庆祝一年当中重要日子的时间。

 

2．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.

有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为他们有可能回到世上给人们提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。

 

3．However big the fool，there is always a bigger fool to admire him.

傻瓜总会发现有比他更傻的人在赞美他。

 

4．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.

很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开。

 

5．“...I don't want them to remind me of her.” So he did.“……我不想因它们想起她来。”他的确这样做了。

 

Ⅲ.  短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

 

An Interesting Festival

The Agricultural Feast takes place after the Independence Day. It is not aworldwide __1__(celebrate)．Only Christians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its __2__ (religion) origin：

Long ago，humans' ancestors __3__(be) bad.They fooled and played tricks __4__ each other and never kept their word. So God turned up and drowned all their crops. Humans starved day and night，weeping. In order to gain God's forgiveness，__5__ woman poet set off to see God. She admired God and kept __6__(apologize)．God was moved. With his permission，humans finally had good harvests again. So，__7__(wipe)sadness and remind themselves of the belief in God，people began the festival.

On the festival，people gather in open air，such as playgrounds or parking lots，and __8__(energetic) have fun with each other all night long，as though they were never tired. When a beauty __9__(dress) up in lovely clothing reads poems in memory of the poet，everyone holds their breath. Then，it is the custom __10__ the bone of arooster head is given to her as an award.

Obviously，the story is not true，but the festival is interesting.

 

答案　1.celebration　2.religious　3.were　4.on　5.a  6．apologizing　7.to wipe　8.energetically　9.dressed　10.that

 

 

必修3Unit1同步常考知识点练习！

 

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

 

1．—I haven't got the reference book yet，but I'll have a test on the subject next month.

—Don't worry.You__shall__have it by Friday.

 

解析：句意：——我没得到参考书，可我下个月要参加这个科目的考试。——别着急，到星期五你一定会得到它。本题考查情态动词的用法。shall可以表示承诺、决心、命令或指示，意思是“必须，一定，应该”。

 

2．His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks.__It__ is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.

 

解析：句意：他最喜爱的食物是油炸小吃和不含酒精的饮料，毫不奇怪减肥对他来说只是个梦。it在这里作形式主语。“that losing weight is just his dream”是真正的主语。

 

3．It is by no means clear __what__ the president can do to end the strike.

 

解析：句意：总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚。本句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句what the president can do to end the strike。在从句中，what作do的宾语。

 

4．__While/Although/Tough__online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.

 

解析：考查连词。句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，单数不是所有的影响都是积极的。While/Although/Tough引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。

 

5．At school, some students are active __while__ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.

 

解析：考查并列连词。句意：在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。while在此作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。

 

6．You never know where happiness will turn __up__next, so grasp every chance around you.

 

解析：句意：你绝不会知道接下来幸福会在哪里出现，所以抓住现在所有的机会。由句意可知，填up，turn up意为“出现”。

 

7．— Where did you get robbed of your handbag, Madam?

—It was at the stop __where__ I usually wait for my bus for work.

 

解析：考查定语从句。句意：——女士，你是在哪里被抢了包？——是在我平时等公交的那个公交站台(我的包被抢了)。由句意可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是shop，从句部分缺少地点状语，所以填where。

 

8．As the road to the airport is under reconstruction, we'd better set __off/out__ early to avoid the traffic jam.

 

解析：set off/out动身，出发。

 

9．__It__ is surprising that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.

 

解析：考查主语从句。句意：令人吃惊的是，在多伦多有这么多中国饭店。that引导的从句是主语从句，it作形式主语。

 

10．Either the judge or the lawyers __were__ wrong on the case at that moment.

 

解析：句意：那时，在这件案子上，不是法官错了，就是律师们错了。并列主语由either...or...，neither...nor...等连接，谓语应与or或nor后面的主语保持一致，根据题干中or后的the lawyers可知用复数，又根据at that moment可知用一般过去时。

 

11．Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is__to_recall__(recall) the soul of Qu Yuan.

 

解析：句意：传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。

 

12．When the sports hero turned __up__ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.

 

解析：句意：当那位体育英雄在我们的宴会上露面时，人们都张开双臂欢迎他。turn up出现，露面。体育英雄在宴会上出现(turn up)才能受欢迎，故填up。

 

13．—Could you tell me the trick __of__making such tasty cakes?

—Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.

 

解析：句意：——你能告诉我制作这样美味的蛋糕的技巧吗？——哦，我就是照着烹饪书上的说明做的。

 

14．India attained __independence__(depend) in 1947, after __a__ long struggle.

 

解析：句意：经过很长的斗争后，印度在1947年独立了。independence (国家的)独立，自主，是不可数名词，其前不用冠词。struggle是单数名词，其前加不定冠词a。

 

15．Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set __off/out__ on their life journey.

 

解析：句意：传统上，大学生在开始他们的人生旅程前举办一个毕业典礼来激励他们自己。

 

Ⅱ. 完成句子

 

1．It is amazing that great changes __have_taken_place__(发生) in the rural areas in the last two decades.

 

2．The best way is __to_hold_your_breath__(屏住呼吸) and pretend to be dead when you come across a bear in the forest.

 

3．He came to me __in_the_belief_that__(相信) I could help him and be relied on.

 

4．Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival will __remind_us_of__(使我们想起) the great poet, Qu Yuan.

 

5．He apologized for having parked the car in her garage __without_permission__(未经许可)．

 

6．很明显，这位美女与这个幽默的留着长胡子的音乐家交情很好。

__It_is_obvious_that__ the beauty is on familiar terms with the humorous musician with a long beard.

 

7．最有经验、最有益的老师是那些不仅教给我们知识而且还教我们如何获取知识的人。

The most experienced and helpful teachers are __the_ones_who(＝those_who)__ can not only offer us knowledge but also tell us the way how to __gain_knowledge__.

 

8．他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书，看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。

His room, filled with all kinds of books here and there, __looks_as_if/though__ it is a small library.

 

9．他们一获得许可就马上出发去灾区。

On getting the __permission__， they __set_off/out_for__ the disaster-hit area.

 

10．发现梦想破灭了，这个百万富翁借酒消愁。

__Finding__ the wing of his dream broken, the millionaire __drowned_his_sadness__ in alcohol.

 

Ⅲ. 单句改错

 

1．Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.

 

__are→is__

 

2．Great changes have been taken place in the school over the past three years, which deeply impresses me.

 

__去掉been__

 

3．She has been looking forward to have a chance to pay a visit to Zhangjiajie.

 

__have→having__

 

4．You can rely on it that he will turn up on time, because he always keeps his words.

 

__words→word__

 

5．There is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news.

 

__There→It__

 

6．In some places women are expected to earn money when men work at home and raise their children.

 

__when→while__

 

Ⅳ. 教材原句

 

1．The country, __covered__ (cover) with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it __is_covered__ (cover) with pink snow.

 

解析：第一空考查非谓语动词作定语，cover与the country之间为动宾关系，故填过去分词表被动；第二空考查谓语动词，主语与cover之间为被动关系，且主句为一般现在时，可知答案。

 

2．__If__ the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick __on__ them.

 

解析：第一空考查状语从句引导词，根据语意，此处表示条件；第二空为固定短语，“play a trick on sb.”。

 

3．Festivals and celebrations of all kinds __have_been_held__ (hold) everywhere since ancient times.

 

解析：考查动词时态与语态。根据since可知应用现在完成时，hold与主语之间为动宾关系，故填have been held。

 

4．Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, __which__ take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.

 

解析：考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。

 

5．India has a national festival __on__ October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, __the__ leader who helped gain India's independence.

 

解析： 第一空考查具体日期前加on；第二空考查冠词用法，此处表特指。

 

6．Easter is __an__ important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.

 

解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，且important的始发音为元音，故填an。

 

7．He had looked forward to __meeting__ (meet) her all day, and now he was alone with his roses and chocolates, like a fool.

 

解析：考查固定短语的用法。look forward to doing “期望做某事”。

 

8．As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice __calling__ (call) him.

 

解析：考查“hear＋宾语＋宾补”。a voice与call之间为主动关系且表示正在进行，故填calling。

 

9．She could be with her friends right now __laughing__ (laugh) at him.

 

解析：考查分词作状语。she与laugh之间为主动关系，故填laughing。

 

10．__Finding__ (find) that Zhinü was heart-broken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way __to_meet__ (meet) once a year.

 

解析：第一空考查分词作状语，find与逻辑主语之间为主动关系故填现在分词形式；第二空考查不定式作目的状语。

 

Ⅴ. 语篇填空

 

Some festivals ①__are_held__(hold) to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help ②__or__ to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense ③__in__ memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music ④__because__ they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes ⑤__with__ “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to ⑥__the__ dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old ⑦__beliefs__(believe) about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, ⑧__when__ they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes ⑨__to_ask__(ask) for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick ⑩__on__ them.

 

Ⅵ. 话题写作

 

用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。

 

1．春节总是让我们想到家庭团聚。

 

The Spring Festival always__reminds_us_of_the_family_reunion__.

 

2．在春节有各种各样的活动，因此孩子们特别盼望春节。

 

There are all kinds of activities in the Spring Festival，  as a result  ，children especially  look forward to it  .

 

3．对成年人来说，这是一段美好的时光。他们相互表达感激、原谅或宽恕之情。

 

It's a good time for adults when they can  express appreciation  ，  make an apology  or  forgive each other  .

 

4．很遗憾的是有些人由于各种原因，不能出现在这个重大的节日里。

 

  It is a pity that  some people can't  turn up  at such a great festival for a variety of reasons.

 

组篇公式：将句1、2改成定语从句。

 

答案：

The Spring Festival always reminds us of the family reunion, when there are all kinds of activities, as a result, children especially look forward to it. It's also a good time for adults when they can express appreciation, make an apology or forgive each other. However, it is a pity that some people can't turn up at such a great festival for a variety of reasons.

 

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