Unit2 The Olympic Games知识点详解

 

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

 

1. compete  vi. 比赛；竞争

 

Runners from many provinces are competing with each other for the first prize.

来自许多省的赛跑运动员正在为获得第一名而彼此竞争。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) compete for 为……而比赛/竞争

compete against/with 与……竞争/比赛

compete in 参加……的比赛

(2) competition  n．竞争；角逐

competitive  adj. 竞争的

competitor  n．竞争者

 

2．volunteer  n．志愿者；志愿兵  adj. 志愿的；义务的　vt. &vi. 自愿

 

An army of volunteers cooked meals for the children.

一大群义务工作者为孩子们做饭。

He volunteered to water our plants.

他自告奋勇给我们的树木浇水。

 

3．basis  n．基础；根据

 

The basis of good marriage is trust.

美满婚姻的基础是信任。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) on a regular basis 经常地；定期地

(2) basic adj. 基本的

basically adv. 基本地；根本地

base n．基地 vt. 以……为基础

 

4. admit vt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳

 

We have to admit that he's a highly competent man.

我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。

 

[快速闪记]

be admitted as 作为……被接受

admit sb/sth to be... 承认某人/某物是……

admit sb to/into... 允许某人进入……

admit(to)doing sth 承认做某事

 

5．responsibility  n．责任；职责

 

Now that you are already 18 years old, you should take responsibility for what you have done.

既然你已经十八岁了，你应该对你的行为负责。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) a strong sense of responsibility 强烈的责任感

take responsibility for sth/doing sth 对……负责任

(2) responsible adj. 有责任的，负责的

 

6. replace vt. 取代；替换；代替

 

Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) replace sb as 取代……而成为……

replace sb/sth with/by 用……替换/取代某人/某物

(2) 表示“取代；代替”的词(语)：

take the place of(＝replace) 取代；代替

in place of 取代；代替

instead of 代替；而不是

 

7. charge vt.&vi. 收费；控诉  n. 费用；主管

 

She charged me two dollars for fixing my iPad.

她要我付两美元修理我的平板电脑。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) take charge of 掌管；控制

free of charge 免费

(2)charge(sb)for sth 为……(向某人)收费；要价

charge sb with sth 指控某人某事

 

8．advertise vt.&vi. 做广告；登广告

 

They advertise their new product on TV.

他们在电视上做广告宣传他们的新产品。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) advertise for sb/sth 为征求……而登广告

(2) advertiser n．广告客户；广告商

advertising n．刊登广告；广告业

advertisement  n．广告

 

9．bargain  vi. 讨价还价；讲条件  n. 便宜货

 

Many traders refuse to bargain over the price.

很多生意人不愿讨价还价。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) make a bargain 达成协议

be a bargain 便宜货

reach a bargain with sb 与某人达成协议

(2) bargain with sb over/about/for sth

就某物与某人讨价

 

10. deserve  vi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得

 

I think they deserve to be congratulated.＝I think they deserve congratulating.

我认为他们应得到祝贺。

 

[快速闪记]

deserve doing ＝ deserve to be done 值得被做

deserve to do 值得做　

deserve it 自作自受

 

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

 

1. take part in 参加；参与

 

John takes part in many school activities.

约翰参加了学校里的很多活动。

 

[快速闪记]

(1) take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词，如take an active part in 积极参加某项活动。

(2) take part意为“参加”时，是不及物动词词组，后不跟宾语。

 

2. stand for 代表；象征；表示

 

This symbol stands for strength.

这个符号象征着力量。

 

[快速闪记]

stand by 袖手旁观；站在……一边，支持

stand out 显眼；引人注目

stand up 起立；站得住脚

 

3．in charge 主管；看管

 

Who is in charge around here? 谁主管这儿？

 

[快速闪记]

in charge of 负责；主管(表示主动)；照料

in sb's charge＝in the charge of sb 由……主管(含被动意义)

 

 

4. one after another 陆续地；一个接一个地

 

He experiences failures one after another, but never loses heart.他遭受了一次又一次的失败，但从未灰心。

 

[快速闪记]

one by one 一个一个地(强调一次一个)

 

5．pick up 拾起，捡起；(偶然地)学到；用车接某人；收听；恢复，振作

 

I picked up a coin in the road.

我在路上捡起一个硬币。

 

[快速闪记]

pick out 挑出，辨别出

 

Ⅲ. 写作句式必学

 

1．I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.

我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我过去常常写有关很久以前的奥林匹克运动会的文章。

 

2．That's why they're called the Winter Olympics.

那就是它们被叫做“冬季奥运会”的原因。

 

3．It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports.

跑步、游泳、帆船和所有团队项目是在夏季奥运会上进行。

 

4．There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.

国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样地激烈。

 

5．She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.

她长得很美，跑得比希腊的任何男人都快。

 

Ⅳ. 短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

 

A Fair Competition

Swifter，Higher and Stronger stands for the spirit of the Olympics.But __1__(fair) is thebasis of this motto.Only when you win fairly will you __2__ your homeland deserve the greatglory.But nowadays，unlike the ancient honest slave competitors，some __3__(hope)athletes who can't bear the pain of training cheat when __4__(take) part in games.Medals seem to have magical power causing them to cheat，and the prize money __5__(replace) the motto as their only goal.

So，in the gymnastics event __6__(hold) in our city next month，one of the host's __7__(responsibility) is to keep competitions fair.They advertised on posters outside thestadium to promise that every competitor is to have __8__ regular physical examination in agymnasium one after another.No one can bargain on this.The volunteers __9__ charge will be very strict.It is foolish to cheat __10__ they will not be admitted to compete and will even be fined as well.

 

答案：　

1. fairness  2. and  3. hopeless  4. taking  5.has replaced　

6. to be held  7. responsibilities  8. a  9. in  10. because

 

Unit2 The Olympic Games单元练习

 

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

 

1．—What a pity! I missed The Voice of China last night.

—Don't worry. It will __be_broadcast__(broadcast) again this weekend.

 

解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：多么遗憾，我昨天错过了《中国之声》。不用担心，这个周末又要重播了。根据句意，用的是将来时态。It 指代的是The Voice of China 和broadcast 是被动关系，故用的是将来时的被动语态。

 

2．—He admitted __cheating/having_cheated__(cheat) in the exam.

—That's why he was not admitted __to/into__ universities or colleges.

 

解析：句意：——他承认在考试中作弊。——这就是他为什么未被大学录取的原因。admit意为“承认”，常接动名词作宾语；admit sb.to/into...“准许……入学”。

 

3．—It's better for you to lose weight by taking exercise every morning.

—I think your suggestion deserves __trying/to_be_tried__(try)．

 

解析：deserve“值得”，deserve to be done＝deserve doing“……值得被做”。

 

4．The leader, as well as his team, __was__(be) interviewed the moment they announced their discovery.

 

解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：刚刚宣布他们的发现，这位领导和他的团队就受到了采访。根据句意可知事情已经发生，所以用过去时。主语后接as well as短语作插入语时，谓语动词形式不受其影响；这里的主语是The leader，所以谓语动词应该用单数。

 

5．Eating properly and exercising __regularly__(regular) makes one enjoy a longer and healthier life.

 

解析：句意：合理饮食加上经常锻炼能使人健康长寿。regularly“经常地”，与句意相符。

 

6．I regret to inform you that your brother is just the one we'll get someone __to_replace__(replace)．

 

解析：replace的宾语是定语从句中省略掉的关系代词that或who。get sb.to do sth.“让某人做某事”。句意：很抱歉通知你，那个我们要找人替换的人就是你哥哥。

 

7．We know playing computer games for a long time can harm one's __physical__(physic) health.

 

解析：句意：我们知道长时间玩电脑游戏对我们的身体健康有害。physical health指的是“身体健康”。

 

8．Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, __or/otherwise__ you could have problems.

 

解析：本题考查并列连词。句意：在关掉所有的项目前不要关电脑，要不然你会出问题的。or/otherwise否则，要不然，表示一种否定的条件。

 

9．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale；it was __a__ real bargain.

 

10．We used to see each other __regularly__(regular)，but I haven't heard from him since last year.

 

解析：句意：我们过去经常见面，但是自从去年以来我就没有收到他的来信。

 

Ⅱ. 完成句子

 

1．We all make good use of every minute to devote ourselves to studies, hoping that we'll have the chance to __be_admitted_to/into__(被录取) a key university in the coming June.

 

2．The monitor will be __in_charge_of__(负责/主管)everything of the class while the headteacher is away on business next week.

 

3．If you desire to enrich your school life, you should __take_part_in(＝get_involved in/participate in)__(参与)more outdoor activities after school.

 

4．Not only is he helpful but he is responsible __as_well__(也/还)．No wonder he is so popular with the people around him.

 

5．It is widely accepted that doves __stand_for__(代表/象征) peace.

 

6．我的妈妈很擅长讲价，并且对便宜货很有眼光。

My mother is good at __bargaining_with__ sellers about prices and has an eye for bargains.

 

7．他的那台电脑出了故障。昨天他把它拆开，但无法修理，因此他考虑换台新的。

The computer which belongs to him is out of order.He took it apart yesterday, but found it difficult to fix it, so he is considering __replacing_it_with__ a new one.

 

8．在本次游泳竞赛中，所有的选手都全力竞争以夺取金牌。

All the competitors made great efforts to __compete_with__ each other for the gold medal in the swimming competition.

 

9．学生一个接一个跟着老师走进实验室。

Following the teacher, the students walked into the lab __one_after_another/one_by_one__.

 

10．他被指控随意砍伐森林。

He was __charged_with_cutting_down/accused_of_cutting_down__ forests at will.

 

 

Ⅲ. 单句改错

 

1．Electric trains have taken place of steam trains in Britain.

 

__place前加the__

 

2．All the children in charge of the nurse are taken good care of.

 

__in后加the__

 

3．The famous musician, as well as his students, were invited to perform at the opening ceremony.

 

__were→was__

 

4．The letters PRC stands for the People's Republic of China.

 

__stands→stand__

 

5．—Some of them were not satisfied with the result.

—So was Tom.

 

__So→Neither/Nor__

 

6．The more you talk to the children, the less they listen.

 

__they后加will__

 

Ⅳ. 语篇填空

 

Atlanta was a Greek princess. She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece. But she was not allowed to run and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games. She was so angry ①__that__ she said to her father that she would not marry anyone ②__who__ could not run faster than her. Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain ③__with__ him. She said to him, “These are my rules. When a man says he wants to marry ④__me__， I will run against him. If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed. No one will ⑤__be_pardoned__(pardon)．”

Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atlanta, ⑥__but__ when they heard of her rules they knew it was ⑦__hopeless__(hope)．So many of them sadly went home, but ⑧__others__ stayed to run the race. There was a man called Hippomenes who was ⑨__amazed__(amaze) when he heard of Atlanta's rules, “Why are these men so foolish？” he thought.“Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this princess？” However, when he saw Atlanta come out of her house to run, Hippomenes ⑩__changed__(change) his mind.“I will marry Atlanta—or die！” he said.

 

Ⅴ. 教材原句

 

1．By the 1940s I __had_grown__ (grow) as large as a room, and I wondered __if__ I would grow any larger.

 

解析：第一空考查时态，由by the 1940s可知；第二空考查连词，宾语从句中根据语意确定答案。

 

2．Since the 1970s, many new applications __have_been_found__ (find) for me.

 

解析：考查时态和语态。since＋时间，句子用现在完成时，且find与主语之间为被动关系，故填have been found。

 

3．I have also been put into robots and used __to_make__ (make) phones as well as help with medical operations.

 

解析：考查be used to do“被用来做某事”。

 

4．From then on, I grew __rapidly__ (rapid) both in size and in brainpower.

 

解析：考查词形转换，修饰动词应用rapidly。

 

5．We are determined __to_create__ (create) an even better system.

 

解析：考查句式“be determined to do sth.”意为“决心做某事”。

 

6．I was always so lonely __standing__ (stand) there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family __connected__ (connect) by a network.

 

解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空stand与I之间为主动关系，故填standing；第二空connect与a family之间为被动关系，故填connected。

 

7．My memory became __so__ large that even I couldn't believe it.

 

解析：考查“so...that...”句式，意为“如此……以致于……”。

 

8．__With__the help of my electronic brain __which/that__ never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about!

 

解析：第一空考查with the help of意为“在……帮助之下”；第二空考查定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物，故用which/that。

 

9．She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while __watching__ (watch) human games.

 

解析：考查“连词＋非谓语”作状语。watch与she之间为主动关系，故填watching。

 

10．She prepares __reliable__ (rely) moves to use if a new situation arises.

 

解析：考查词形转换。此处应填形容词，故答案是reliable。

 

Ⅵ. 话题写作

 

用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。

 

1．奥运五环旗中的五环代表地球上的五大洲。

 

The five rings on the Olympic flag __stand_for_the_five_continents__ on the earth.

 

2．任何国家都可以参加奥运会。

 

Any country __can_take_part_in__ the Olympic Games.

 

3．只有达到他们各自统一的标准的运动员才会被接受为竞赛选手。

 

Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event __will_be_admitted_as__ competitors.

 

4．所有运动员都知道他们越努力，梦想就越近。

 

All the athletes are aware that   the harder they work，the closer their dreams will become  .

 

5．为奥运会提供服务的志愿者也变得越来越受欢迎。

 

Volunteers who offer help for the Olympics   are becoming more and more popular as well  .

 

6．他们做很多工作， 比如， 负责所有运动员的食宿问题。

 

They do a lot of voluntary work, for example，  taking charge of   the accommodation of the athletes.

 

7．在我看来，他们都值得尊敬。

 

In my opinion, they __all_are_worth_respect__.

 

组篇公式：用定语从句连接句1、2及添加相关连接词。

 

答案：

The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth, which means any country can take part in the Olympic Games. But only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. All the athletes are aware that the harder they work, the closer their dreams will become.Volunteers who offer help for the Olympics are becoming more and more popular as well. They do a lot of voluntary work, for example, taking charge of the accommodation of the athletes. In my opinion, they are all worth respect.

 

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